Objective: To investigate the change and effect of sIL-2R and TNF-α in the immunopathogenesis of experimental allergic encephalomyelitis(EAE). Methods: The EAE model was induced in guinea pigs. And the EAE animals were killed on the 8th, 15th and 22nd day after the MBP+CFA challenge. ConA-treated guinea pig spleen cells were cultured and supernatants were collected. The level of sIL-2R in supernatant was detected by ELISA, and the level of TNF-α in EAE was examined by biologic assay. Results: The EAE animals showed higher levels of sIL-2R and TNF-α than those of the normal control group. Conclusion: sIL-2R and TNF-α play an important role in the immunopathogenesis of EAE. This experiment offered thoretical evidence for further study of multiple sclerosis(MS) on pathogenesis and gave the clues for clinical use of immunospecific agents on MS.

Objective To evaluate the effects of an intervention programme of health education and life style modification on postmenopausal osteoporosis women. Methods A total of 120 postmenopausal osteoporosis women were enrolled in this one-year randomized controlled follow-up study and assigned to the intervention group ( Group A, n = 60) or the control group ( Group B, n = 60). Both groups were treated with alendronate sodium. In Group A, education program was performed once a season in the form of face-to-face consultation or group session. In Group B, no additional intervention was used. The primary outcome was patients' compliance in follow-up. The secondary outcomes were change in bone mineral density (BMD).BMD was measured by dual-X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) on lumbar spine and hip at baseline and 12 months after the intervention. Results After one-year intervention,51 subjects in Group A and 38 in Group B completed the follow-up. Groups A showed better compliance. BMD on lumbar spine and hip was significantly increased in both groups when compared with baseline. The changes of BMD on lumbar (0.042+0.067 vs 0.026±0.070,P=0. O29) or Words region (0.029 +0. 129 vs 0.023±0. 143,P=0. 041 ) showed statistical significance between the two groups. Conclusion For alendronate sodium treatment, health management ensures the effectiveness of the therapy and improves the compliance of the patients.

Objective To summarize the experience of nursing the patients with liver transplantation complicated with early portal vein thrombosis treated with post-embolectomic anticoagulation. Method The clinical data of 5 cases of liver transplantation-induced portal vein thrombosis treated with post-embolectomic anticoagulation was reviewed to summarize the curative effect , key points for disease conditions and anticoagulative nursing. Results The anticoagulative effect was not good in only one case. 4 other cases were recovered by embolectomy and postoperative anticoagulation therapy as well as related nursing measures. Conclusion The nursing measures such as close observation of the disease processing, early reasonable anticoagulation, accurate medication, prevention of patent complication are critical for preventing the recurrence of portal vein thrombosis after liver transplantation.

Pichia pastoris is a new eukaryotic expression system with great potentials, has unexampled advantages in expressing the heterologous proteins and has gotten more and more wide application. The following aspects were described in detail: the advantages of Pichia pastoris in the expression of heterologous genes, the mechanism of the heterologous gene integrations, the glycosylation of the expressed protein and the modification of the post-translated protein.

Abstract: Objective To analyze the effect of nutrition package on the nutritional status and prevalence of children in rural areas of Hainan Province, and provide scientific basis and suggestions for further improving the nutritional and health status of children in this region. Methods　Four cities and counties were randomly selected as the intervention group, and four cities and counties matched with the intervention group in terms of population, economy, social culture, maternal and child health work foundation of township health centers, physical nutrition and health status were selected as the control group.With the combination of monitoring and prospective cohort study, infants in the intervention group and the control group were studied from June 1, 2020, and they were intervened for 12 months with supplementary food nutrition package. Before and after intervention, the nutrition and health status of infants aged 6-24 months in the intervention group and the control group were investigated to evaluate the nutritional and health effects of supplementary food nutrition package for infants aged 6-24 months in rural Hainan Province. Results　A total of 999 infants were investigated, including 427 in the intervention group and 572 in the control group. After 12 months of nutritional intervention, there was no significant difference in weight-for-age Z-score (WAZ) and height-for-age Z-score (HAZ) and weight-for-height Z-score (WHZ) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of emaciation of the intervention group was 1.64%, which was significantly lower than 3.67% of the control group (P<0.05). There were no significant differences in the rate of growth retardation (2.81% and 3.32%, respectively) and underweight (0.47% and 1.92%, respectively) between the intervention group and the control group (P>0.05). The rate of respiratory infection and diarrhea in the intervention group were 9.13% and 1.17%, which were significantly lower than corresponding 23.25% and 3.15% in the control group (P<0.05). The hemoglobin of the intervention group and the control group were 117.24 g/L and 114.51 g/L respectively, and the rates of anemia were 11.11% and 22.84% respectively, the differences were statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusions　The intervention of nutrition package in rural areas of Hainan Province has achieved the expected results, and supplementary food nutrition package has reduced the incidence of malnutrition and respiratory infection and diarrhea in recent two weeks in infants and anemia to a certain extent. We should attach great importance to the supplementary nutrition package for right-age children and promote the growth and health of children in rural areas through supplementary nutrition package, and continuously improve the nutrition and health level of children in Hainan Province.

Administration, Inhalation ; Animals ; Female ; Male ; Pesticides ; analysis ; toxicity ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of caleitriol,training on balance and lower extremity muscle strength on fall risk of postmenopausal women with osleoporosis or osteopenia.Methods A total of 200 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis or osteopenia,whose balance test confirmed higher fall risk,were randondy assigned to group A or B.Those of group A received the following intervention:( 1 ) 0.25 μg calcitriol,QD; (2) general information on fall and osteoporosis; (3) balance training; (4) lower extremity muscle strength exercises.Those of group B were only treated with 0.25 μg calcitriol.All the participants were supplemented with 600 mg/d calcium and 125 IU/d vitamin D.Fall index,bone mineral density,serum levels of calcium and phosphorus,and adverse reactions were record.Results After 3 months' intervention,the fall index of both groups was significantly decreased ( group A:t =2.16,P＜0.05 ; group B:t =2.08,P＜0.05 ).After 6 months' intervention,the fall index of both groups went on decreasing,and significant difference of fall index between 6 month and baseline of group A and between group A and group B at 6 months was found.After 1-year intervention,the fall index of group A was further decreased in comparison with group B ( t =2.66,P＜0.05 ).No hypercalcemia occurred during the study period.Conclusion The fall risk of the patients with postmenopausal osteoporosis or osteopenia was reduced after 3 months' intervention.Twelve months' active vitamin D intervention could either reduce the risk of fall or improve bone mineral density.Patient education,balance training and muscle exercise may be effective intervention to reduce fall risk.

Objective To investigate the effect of once yearly zoledronic acid of 5 mg on postmenopausal women with osteoporosis of different causes. MethodsFrom October 2009 to December 2009,a total of 89 postmenopausal women with osteoporosis were enrolled and assigned into 2 groups.There were 45 cases of primary postmenopausal osteoporosis,including 27 cases of fresh fracture,in group A.They were aged from 47 to 83 years,with an average of 63.7 years.There were 44 cases of secondary postmenopausal osteoporosis,including 28 cases of fresh fracture,in group B.All patients were given a.single 30-minute intravenous injection of zoledronic acid (5 mg),supplemented by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D of 0.25 μg and calcium of 600 mg with VitD125 IU daily.At pre-intervention and 12 months after intervention respectively,bone mineral density (BMD) was measured by dual-X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) at the lumbar spine and hip,and a balance test(Sunlight Tetrax- Ⅱ) was performed to evaluate the risk of falling.Intervention compliance of the patients and adverse events related to zoledronic acid infusion were observed. Results All cases of fresh fracture healed well at 3-month follow-up.At 12 months,43 subjects in group A and 42 subjects in group B completed the follow-up.In group A,BMD increased by 5.8％ at the lumbar spine,by 2.9％ at the femoral neck,by 5.2％ at the Words area,by 5.3％ at the greater trochanter and by 3.9％ at the total hip while the risk of falling decreased by 26.1％; in group B,BMD increased by by 3.4％ at the lumbar spine,by 2.1％ at the femoral neck,by 3.2％ at the Words area,by 3.0％ at the greater trochanter and by 2.5％ at the total hip while the risk of falling decreased by 21.8％.The differences between pre-intervention and post-intervention were significant in both groups ( P ＜ 0.05).No intolerable adverse events occurred in both groups except that one new fracture happened in each group but responded to conservative treatment.ConclusionA once-yearly infusion of zoledronic acid of 5 mg is a convenient and effective therapy for treatment of osteoporosis in postmenopausal women.

OBJECTIVETo explore the pathomorphological change of the atlanto-occipital segment of vertebral artery (V3 part) related with cervical vertigo.

METHODSFrom June 1999 to November 2011, the pathomorphological change of the atlanto-occipital segment of vertebral artery were observed in 1680 patients with cervical vertigo using 3D-CTA technology. The clinical data of these patients were analyzed. There were 783 males and 897 females, aged from 22 to 70 years old with an average of 52.8 years old. Doppler examination showed vertebral basilar artery flow velocity to speed up or slow down.

RESULTSThe blood vessel of 3360 branches were detected in 1680 patients and 2778 branches were detected out vascular anomaly. And 829 branches were in V1 segment, 421 were in V2, 328 were in V3, 1190 were in V4. The pathomorphological changes in the atlanto-occipital segment (V3) of vertebral artery included angiospasm, congenital absence, abnormal exit, localized stenosis.

CONCLUSIONThere are 4 kinds of pathomorphological changes in the atlanto-occipital segment of vertebral artery related with cervical vertigo. The 3D-CTA result can be used to judge prognosis and adopt reasonable treatment for the patients.

Adult ; Aged ; Atlanto-Occipital Joint ; Cervical Vertebrae ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Vertebral Artery ; diagnostic imaging ; pathology ; Vertigo ; pathology

ABSTRACT:Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Hedgehog signaling pathway on the invasion of breast cancer cells in vitro.Methods The SHH,SMO and Gli-1 expression levels of breast cancer cell line MDA-231 and normal mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A were detected by Western blot at protein level and by Real-time RT-PCR at mRNA level.Next,shRNA vector was transfected into the MDA-2 3 1 cells with highly expressed SMO,and the stable transfected cells were selected by G4 1 8 .Western blot and Real-time RT-PCR were performed to observe the inhibitory effect of RNAi on SMO expression.MTT assay was used to assess the influence of SMO siRNA on cell proliferation.Transwell assay was applied to observe cell invasion ability.The expressions of Gli-1,Snail,MMP-9,E-cadherin and Vimentin protein were determined by Western blot.Results Compared with those of normal mammary epithelial cell line MCF-10A,the expressions of SHH,SMO and Gli-1 were significantly increased.The invasion of MDA-2 3 1 cells was inhibited significantly after SMO silencing.Additionally, the protein expressions of Gli-1 , Snail, MMP-9 and Vimentin were obviously inhibited, and E-cadherin was significantly increased.Conclusion Mutative activation of Hedgehog signaling pathway in breast cancer cells promotes cell invasion probably through induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition of the tumor cells.