ObjectiveTo investigate the diagnostic value of transbronchoscopic lung biopsy (TBLB) without X-ray fluoroscopy in patients with peripheral pulmonary lesions.Methods Fifty patients with peripheral and diffuse pulmonary lesions and without cavity lesions from January to December 2011 were selected and examined by conventional hronchoscopy.According to the anatomical orientation of CT image and bronchial tree path,TBLB was performed by electronic bronchoscope.ResultsThere were 63 cases of TBLB in 50 patients and 30 patients got confirmed diagnosis (60.0％),including 24 cases in 35patients with peripheral pulmonary lesions (68.6％),and 6 cases in 15 patients with diffuse pulmonary lesions (40.0％).There was no severe complication during and after electronic bronchoscopy.ConclusionsTBLB without X-ray fluoroscopy is a convenient,safe and repeatable operational method with fewer complications.It has higher clinic diagnostic value in pulmonary diseases.

Objective To investigate the effects of anticholinergic antidote and rhodosin on the brain injury induced by soman intoxication combined with hypobaric hypoxia in rats. Methods A total of 72 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups: hypoxia control (HC), hypoxia plus soman (HS), hypoxia plus soman plus anticholinergic antidote (HSAA), and hypoxia plus soman plus anticholinergic antidote plus rhodosin (HSAAR). The animals after soman intoxication (72 ?g/kg) were placed in a hypobaric (62 kPa) apparatus for hypoxic exposure for 48 h. Rats were sacrificed for brain tissue detachment at the time points of 12, 24, and 48 h. Evans blue (EB) content and PLA 2 activity were detected biochemically. CaM concentration was determined by radioimmuno assay. Results Compared with the rats in HC, soman induced significant increases of brain EB, PLA 2, and CaM at 12, 24, and 48 h in HS. Elevated EB, PLA 2, and CaM induced by hypoxia and soman intoxication in rats in group HSAA were obviously attenuated by anticholinergic antidote. More significant decreases of brain EB, PLA 2, and CaM were found in rats in group HSAA. Conclusion Both anticholinergic antidote and anticholinergic antidote plus rhodosin have the preventive effect on rat brain damage induced by soman intoxication combined with hypoxia.

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression of osteopontin (OPN) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in acute leukemia (AL) and its significance in the angiogenesis and progress of AL. Serum levels of OPN and VEGF in 25 de novo patients, 19 complete remitted (CR) patients, 14 unremitted patients, and 11 relapsed patients with AL were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and compared with those in normal controls. The results showed that the serum levels of OPN and VEGF in de novo, unremitted, relapsed patients were significantly higher than those in normal controls and CR patients (p < 0.01). Compared with de novo AL patients group, the serum levels of OPN and VEGF in CR patients decreased significantly, but showed no significant difference from those in normal controls (p > 0.05). The expression of OPN and VEGF in acute leukemia was positively correlated with occurrence and development of AL. It is concluded that the expressions of OPN and VEGF are closely related with AL occurrence and development, the OPN may regulate VEGF expression and promote angiogenesis in acute leukemia. Preventing expressions of OPN may seem as targets for leukemia therapy in the future.
Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia ; blood ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; pathology ; Osteopontin ; blood ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; blood ; Young Adult

This study was aimed to investigate the influence and significance of celecoxib (specific inhibitor of cyclooxygenase-2) on mRNA expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (b-FGF), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) in acute leukemia cells. The expressions of VEGF, b-FGF, TGF-β mRNA were measured by RT-PCR in acute leukemia cells treated with celecoxib (80 µmol/L, for 48 h) or with PBS. The results showed that the obvious expressions of VEGF, b-FGF, TGF-β mRNA were observed in acute leukemia cells. By using Pearson correlation analysis, there was positive correlation between VEGF mRNA and b-FGF mRNA expressions (r = 0.559, P = 0.001), and negative correlation between VEGF and TGF-β mRNA expressions (r = -0.4, P = 0.029). Expression levels of VEGF, b-FGF, TGF-β mRNA in experimental group were lower than that in control group (P < 0.01). It is concluded that COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib can inhabit vascular endothelial growth through down-regulating the mRNA expression of VEGF, b-FGF and TGF-β in acute leukemia cells. COX-2 inhibitor may offer supplemental effect for treating acute leukemia.
Adult ; Celecoxib ; Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 ; metabolism ; Humans ; Leukemia ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Male ; Pyrazoles ; pharmacology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Signal Transduction ; Sulfonamides ; pharmacology ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo investigate the prevalence of transfusion-transmitted virus (TTV) and human papillomavirus (HPV) co-infection in cervical smears of patients with cervical lesions in littoral of Zhejiang province and analysis of transmitted route.

METHODSNested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) was established. TTV DNA were tested by nPCR in cervical smears of 95 patients with cervical lesions and 55 healthy women, paired serum samples were available from 55 and 42 women, and their viral titer. The genotypes of 95 specimens of cervical cytology were detected with HybriMax. The phylogenetic group of TTV was determined by means of nPCR with N22 primers.

RESULTSThe prevalence of TTV DNA in cervical smears of patients with cervical lesions and healthy women was 52.7% (29/55) and was comparable with that in paired serum sample (50%). Symptomatic women had significantly higher prevalence of TTV DNA in cervical smears (74.7%) than healthy controls (P = 0.005). The TTV DNA prevalence in patient serum samples was 51%. The phylogenetic groups of TTV serum isolates were concordant with those of TTV from cervical smears of the same subjects, and genotype was G1b. The TTV viral titer in cervical smears were 10 to 1000 times as high as in serum. The total infection rate of HPV was 98.9% in patients, and was 27.3% in healthy women. The frequently detected genotype was HPV16, 18, 33 of HSIL, and HPV6 of LSIL. The HPV positive study subjects had significantly higher TTV DNA prevalence than HPV negatives (P = 0.02).

CONCLUSIONHigh prevalence of TTV in cervical smears suggests that sexual transmission is another mode of expansion of TTV infection among the population. The higher viral titer in cervical smears than in the respective serum samples might indicate active TTV replication in the female genital tract. Nevertheless, cooperation between TTV and HPV needs to be further investigated.

Adolescent ; Adult ; DNA Virus Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Papillomavirus Infections ; complications ; epidemiology ; virology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Torque teno virus ; physiology ; Uterine Cervical Diseases ; epidemiology ; virology ; Vaginal Smears ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo analyse the infection of high-risk human papiliomavirus (HR-HPV) in cervical lesion wome, and evaluate the significance of high-risk human pappilomavirus detection by hybrid capture II (HV-II) in screening and diagnosing cervical lesion, especially high grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).

METHODSA series of 1130 patients of cervical lesion were preliminarily diagnosed by cervical cytological examination, HR-HPV detection by HC-II , colposcopy and biopsy under the colposcopy between June 2009 and December 2008, including 212 CIN I and (or) condyloma (CIN I/HPV I), 442 CIN II/III, 28 invasive cervical cancer. cervical cytological examination is by thin prep liquid-based cytology test(TCT),and HR-HPV detection is by HC-II.

RESULTSIn 1130 cases the positive of HR-HPV was 65.84% (744/1130). Unusual cytology result were 862 cases, with 356 ASCUS, 84 ASCH, 216 LSIL, 184HSIL and 22 cancer. The number of biopsy > or = CINI/HPVI was 682, positive rate of HR-HPV was 78.59% (536/682). In screening CIN II or above, sensitivity, specificity, PPV and NPV of TCT were 88.94%, 32.73%, 48.49%, 80.60%, of HR-HPV DNA detectiort by HC-II were 90.21%, 51.82%, 57.14%, 88.14%, and of HR-HPV detection combined with cytology were 97.45%, 22.42%, 47.22%, 92.50%.

CONCLUSIONThe infection rate of HR-HPV in cervical lesions is higher in each age group. Infection rate of HR-HPV is ascending with serious degree of cervical lesion. HR-HPV detection by HC- II is an important method in screening cervical lesion. HR-HPV detection is a viable option in the management of women with ASCUS and LSIL of TCT, with higher sensitivity and NPV.

Adult ; Aged ; Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia ; virology ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Papillomaviridae ; isolation & purification ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; virology

The aim of study was to investigate the expression of angiogenin-2 (Ang-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in acute leukemia (AL) and its significance in the angiogenesis and progress of AL. Serum levels of Ang-2 and VEGF in 24 de novo, 18 complete remitted (CR), 7 unremitted, 13 relapsed patients with AL were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and compared with those of normal controls. The results showed that the serum levels of Ang-2 and VEGF in de novo, unremitted and relapsed patients were significantly higher than those in normal controls (p < 0.01). Compared with de novo group, the serum levels of Ang-2 and VEGF in CR patients decreased significantly, but showing no significant difference from those in normal controls (p > 0.05). In relapsed patients, the serum levels of Ang-2 and VEGF were obviously higher than those in unremitted and CR patients (p < 0.01). It is concluded that the expressions of Ang-2 and VEGF are closely related with occurrence and development of acute leukemia, the VEGF may regulate Ang-2 expression and promote angiogenesis and acute leukemia development. Preventing expressions of Ang-2 and VEGF may seem as targets for leukemia therapy in the future.
Acute Disease ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; pathology ; Ribonuclease, Pancreatic ; metabolism ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo establish Biological Limit Value (BLV) for N, N-dimethylacetamide (DMAC).

METHOD201 workers in 3 spandex factories exposed to DMAC were recruited. Air samples were collected using personal air samplers, and urine samples from each works were collected at the end of shift at end of workweek. The urinary metabolite NMAC and air samples of DMAC were determined by gas chromatography (GC). Percentile and relative internal exposure (RIE) were analyzed and proposed a BLV for DMAC.

RESULTSThe number of workers who exposure to DMAC below OELs were 133 (66.2%) among 201 workers monitored. Geometric mean (range) concentration of DMAC in air was 19.4 (0.40 ∼ 300.12) mg/m(3), and that of NMAC in urine was 23.7 (1.30 ∼ 189.42) mg/g Cr. A linear correlation was found between the personal air DMAC and creatinine-adjusted NMAC levels in urine collected at the end of shift at end of workweek (F = 188.872, R(2) = 0.487,P < 0.001). The relationship can be described by the equation Log (NMAC mg/g Cr) = 0.685 + 0.455 log (DMAC mg/m(3)). According to the equation the current China OELs value of 20 mg/m(3) would lead to a mean NMAC concentration of 18.92 mg/g Cr. The 90th percentile biomonitoring result below 20 mg/m(3) 8-hour TWA is 23.9 mg MMAC mg/g Cr, and that of NMAC in urine calculated by relative internal exposure (RIE) was 19.0 mg/g Cr.

CONCLUSIONA BLV of 20 mg/g Cr NMAC in urine at the end of shift at end of workweek for DMAC was recommend by reference to official values from other countries.

Acetamides ; analysis ; urine ; Adult ; Air Pollutants, Occupational ; analysis ; Chromatography, Gas ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Threshold Limit Values

OBJECTIVETo study the incidence and risk factors of HIV and syphilis seroconversion among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Beijing.

METHODSA total of 550 MSM were recruited on the basis of community and followed up after 6 and 12 months in Beijing. Each subject was investigated by only one investigator at one time to collect information on demographics and behaviors. Blood samples were collected to test HIV and syphilis seroconversion. ELISA was used for screening test, west blotting (WB) and Particle agglutination were used for confirmatory test.

RESULTSA total of 550 MSM investigated, among which 4.5% (25/550) were HIV-positive and 29.3% (161/550) were syphilis-positive. For 525 HIV-negative MSM, 87.0% (457/525) retained during the 12-month investigation. Seroincidence for HIV and syphilis were 3.37/100 person-years (95%CI = 1.66 - 5.08) and 9.32/100 person-years (95%CI = 5.87 - 12.77) respectively. HIV seroconversions for those who performed and did not perform rectal douching after homosexual anal intercourse in the past 3 months were 7.11/100 and 0.76/100 person-years respectively. Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that rectal douching after homosexual anal intercourse in the past 3 months (HR = 9.23, 95%CI = 2.08 - 40.88) was significantly associated with HIV seroconversion. Syphilis seroconversions for those who met male sex partners in parks, public washrooms or bathhouses in the past 3 months were 41.77/100 and 7.97/100 person-years respectively. Syphilis seroconversions for those who performed and did not perform rectal douching after homosexual anal intercourse in the past 3 months were 16.17/100 and 4.92/100 person-years respectively. In the past 3 months, meeting male sex partners in parks, public washrooms or bathhouses (HR = 4.67, 95%CI = 1.77 - 12.34) and performing rectal douching after homosexual anal intercourse (HR = 3.09, 95%CI = 1.40 - 6.83) were significantly associated with syphilis seroconversion.

CONCLUSIONThe seroconversions of HIV and syphilis during the follow-up visits in this MSM cohort study in Beijing were very serious, and that the associated factors for seroconversions were rectal douching after homosexual anal intercourse and meeting male sex partners in parks, public washrooms or bathhouses.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Antibodies, Bacterial ; blood ; China ; epidemiology ; HIV ; immunology ; HIV Antibodies ; blood ; HIV Infections ; blood ; epidemiology ; HIV Seropositivity ; blood ; epidemiology ; Homosexuality, Male ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Risk Factors ; Sexual Behavior ; Syphilis ; blood ; epidemiology ; Treponema pallidum ; immunology ; Young Adult

Objective:To investigate the expression and clinical significance of B7-H3 and IL-21 in serum of patients with HBV-related primary liver cancer.Methods: Gathering 121 cases of HBV-related patients,50 cases of primary hepatic carcinoma of them were considered as hepatic carcinoma group,71 cases of benign group including 12 cases with acute hepatitis,21 cases of chronic moderate to severe hepatitis,20 cases of compensatory phase cirrhosis,18 cases of decompensated cirrhosis and 20 cases of healthy persons in the same period as normal control.The content of serum B7-H3 and IL-21 were detected by ELISA.HBV DNA quantitative results were analyzed by Quantitative Real-time PCR.Results: The levels of B7-H3 and IL-21 in patients with primary hepatic carcinoma were (207.60±57.16)ng/ml and(2 357.28±805.01)pg/ml,respectively,which were significantly higher than those of the normal control subjects(P<0.001).Comparison with the normal control subjects,the content of B7-H3 and IL-21 in serum of patients with different clinical types in the benign group increased significantly(P<0.001).B7-H3 and IL-21 were positively associated with each other in serum of patients with HBV-related primary liver cancer.The expression of sB7-H3 was not significantly correlated with the degree of HBV DNA replication.The expression of IL-21 was correlated with HBV DNA replication in patients with HBV associated hepatocellular carcinoma,but was not significantly correlated with the degree of HBV DNA replication.Conclusion: HBV-related primary hepatic carcinoma express sB7-H3 and IL-21 with high level.The continuous high expression of sB7-H3 and IL-21 in the body may be related to the development and prognosis of the patients.