Objective To design and apply a kind of controllable enema input apparatus in patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). Methods 20 SCI patients with chronic constipation were included. Their defecation time, nature of defecation and usage of enema of 5 times of defecation were recorded before and after using the new apparatus. Results There were significant differences in the defecation time, nature of defecation and usage of enema before and after using the new apparatus (P<0.05). Conclusion The application of the new controllable enema input apparatus may shorten the defecation time, improve the nature of defecation, and reduce the usage of enema in SCI patients with chronic constipation.

Objective To observe the effect of intravenous low intensity laser radiation (ILLLI) combined with traditional Chinese medicine on TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1? and Ang II of the rabbits of experimental diabetic stroke. Method 35 successfully modeled rabbits, after alloxian injection for diabetes and photochemical radiation for stroke, were randomized into four treatment group-control group (B), ILIB group (C), a group with compound treatment of ILIB and TCH (D), TCM treatment group (E), and 7 unmodeled rabbits were made as the normal group (A). TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1? and Ang II level were observed and compared. Result Compared with group B, group C and E can significantly rectify the disorderly TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1? and Ang II, Group D was better than C and E. Conclusion ILLLI combined with TCM can effectively rectify the TXB2, 6-Keto-PGF1? and Ang II level, reduce nervous injury, cure diabetes cerebral infarction.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of positron emission tomography(PET) with the use of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose(FDG) in patients with gastic malignancy. Methods 18 F-FDG PET examination was performed for twenty three patients suspected to be suffering from gastric malignancy,and the results were evaluated against histopathological staging. Results The diagnostic accuracy of primary lesion by PET was 87.0%. When using a mean standard uptake value (SUVmear and SUVmax) with a cut-off of 2.5,the sensitivity was 86.2%(19/23)and 91.3%(21/23),respectively. The accuracy in identifying lymph node metastases and distant metastases by PET was 78.9%(15/19) and 7/8,respectively. Conclusion PET scanning is sensitive in the diagnosis of primary malignant lesion and metastatic lesion in patients suspected to have gastric cancer. It provides a valuable reference in the diagnostic evaluation,option of surgical strategy,and treatment in patients with gastric carcinoma.

BACKGROUND:There are stil about 10%-30%of patients presenting no obvious improvement of symptoms after lumbar disc herniation surgery, which are col ectively known as the lumbar spine post-surgery failure syndrome, and lumbar instability is one of the important reasons. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the feasibility and efficacy of surgery including posterior lumbar spinal canal decompression, intervertebral disc resection, lumbar interbody fusion, and pedicle screw fixation on lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion concurring lumbar instability via MAST Quadrant retractor. METHODS:From December 2011 to October 2012, 62 cases of lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion concurring lumbar instability were treated with posterior lumbar spinal canal decompression, intervertebral disc resection, lumbar interbody fusion, and pedicle screw fixation via MAST Quadrant retractor. There were 38 female and 24 male ranging in age from 37 to 69 years (average 53.7 years). After operation, al patients were fol owed-up to evaluate the effect of the treatment. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The operative time was 90-210 minutes, average 145 minutes, and the amount of blood loss was 50-300 mL, average 120 mL. The hospitalization time was 5-9 days, average 6 days. Al incisions healed by first intention. Al patients were fol owed up 7.2 months on average (from 3 to 10 months). The preoperative JOA score was (10.25±2.34) points. The postoperative JOA score decreased to (18.31±3.12) points at the fol ow-up after 1 month and (25.35±2.61) points at the last fol ow-up, showing significant difference when compared with preoperative score (P<0.01). The preoperative VAS score was (8.24±1.15) points. The postoperative VAS score decreased to (2.97±1.12) points after 1 month and (1.13±0.39) points at the last fol ow-up, showing significant difference when compared with preoperative score (P<0.01). According to reforming Macnab standard, the results were excel ent in 53 cases and good in 9 cases at the last fol ow-up. The surgery including posterior lumbar spinal canal decompression, intervertebral disc resection, lumbar interbody fusion, and pedicle screw fixation via MAST Quadrant retractor is a safe, effective and minimal y invasive surgical technique in treating lumbar intervertebral disc protrusion concurring lumbar instability.

Objective To investigate the imaging diagnosis and surgical treatment of intestinal malrotation in adult patients. Methods The clinical data of 11 adult patients with intestinal malrotation who had been admitted to General Hospital of PLA from January 2003 to December 2007 were retrospectively analyzed. Multiple imaging modalities, including barium enema, gastrointestinal radiography, B sonography, computed tomography (CT) scan and mesenteric angiography were applied for diagnosis. All patients received Ladd procedure. Results Two patients were diagnosed by gastrointestinal radiography +B sonography, 4 by gastrointestinal radiography +CT scan, 1 by angiography, 1 by B sonography + CT scan, 1 by iodine radiography + CT scan and 2 by intraopera-tive examination. After the operation, 2 had renal insufficiency, 1 had intestinal fistula and 1 had short bowel syndrome and died at the third month after operation. Conclusion Combined application of multiple imaging modalities can improve the diagnostic rate, and Ladd procedure is effective and safe for adult patients with intes-tinal malrotation.

Humans ; Vertigo ; therapy

Objective To explore the change characteristics of physiological indexes between infants and children during living-donor liver transplantation and discuss methods of regulation and control.Method In this study,42 patients were selected and assigned into two groups according to age:infants group (＜1 year,n =25),and children group (1-16 years,n =17).The preoperative and peri-operative characteristics,intra-operative operation conditions,internal environment changes before and after re-perfusion,postoperative mechanical ventilation time,ICU time,hospital time,infection rate,additional surgery,complications and survival were analyzed.Result PELD (MELD) score,historical surgery rate and hematokrit were lower in children group than in infants group (P＜ 0.05).Serum creatinine and lactate concentrations increased significantly in children group as compared with infants group (P＜0.05).Intra-operative an-hepatic phase and cold ischemia time were shortened significantly (P ＜ 0.05),and incidence rate of re-perfusion syndrome was reduced in children group as compared with infants group (P＜0.05).As compared with pre-re-perfusion,blood lactate concentrations were significantly raised only in infants group and glucose concentrations significantly raised only in children group (P＜0.05).The blood levels of K + were decreased after reperfusion in both two groups,and those in infants group were lower than in children group (P＜ 0.05).Postoperative intensive care unit time was longer in children group than in infants group (P＜ 0.05),and there was no significant difference in survival rate between two groups.Conclusion There are many differences and change characteristics to physiological indexes between infants and children during the operation of living-donor liver transplantation.Timely management and regulation are critical for the success of surgery according to the differences.

Objective To observe the expression of aggrecanase 2 and a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3 (TIMP-3) in degenerate human lumbar intervertebral discs and their role in degeneration of the nucleus pulposus.Methods Pfirrmann classification was used to class degenerate intervertebral discs observed through MRI.They were divided into three groups:a control group (Pfirrmann grade Ⅰ-Ⅱ),a degeneration group (Pfirrmann grade Ⅲ-Ⅳ),and a severe degeneration group (Pfirrmann grade Ⅴ).A total of 45 cases accepted lumbar spine surgery for removing nucleus pulposus specimens.Each group contained 15 cases.After formalin-fixation and paraffin embedding,immunohistochemistry was used to detect aggrecanase 2 and TIMP-3 expression in the nucleus pulposus cells.Results The percentages of cells positive for aggrecanase 2 were (13.58 ± 7.76) ％,(33.48 ± 13.95) ％ and (56.00 ± 18.39) ％ in the control,degeneration and severe degeneration groups respectively.These differences had statistical significance.The percentages of cells positive for TIMP-3 were (34.78 ± 13.80) ％,(46.77 ± 10.98) ％ and (50.65 ± 16.45) ％,and these differences were again statistically significant.The aggrecanase 2/TIMP-3 ratios were also significantly different.Conclusion As the degree of degeneration of the nucleus pulposus increased,the expression of aggrecanase 2 and TIMP-3 rose,which indicates that both changes were closely connected with the degeneration.Their ratio was correlated with the degree of degeneration of the nucleus pulposus.

AIM:To compare the synthesis efficiency of n3 and n6 very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ( VLC-PUFA ) by overexpressing ELOVL4 protein, providing guidance for treating Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (STGD3).
METHODS:To establish recombinant adenovirus with the ELOVL4 protein and green fluorescent protein, transferred into cultured PC12 cells. The cells were divided into 3 groups: PC12, PC12 + Ad- GFP and PC12 + Ad-ELOVL4, former two groups serve as controls. ELOVL4 gene expression was quantified by qRT-PCRs. ELOVL4 protein was analyzed by Western - Blot ( WB ) . The transduced cells were treated with both EPA and AA (1:1). After 48h of incubation, cells were collected, total lipids extracted and fatty acid methyl esters prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS) .
RESULTS:When supplemented together, 20:5n3 (EPA) and 20:4n6 ( AA) were efficiently taken up at almost the same amounts in the PC12 cells regardless of ELOVL4 expression. The ELOVL4-expressing cells elongated both EPA and AA to a series of n3 and n6 VLC-PUFAs. From 20:5n3/EPA, 34:5n3 and 36:5n3 account for 0. 71% and 1.6%, respectively. From 20:4n6/DHA, 34:4n6 and 36:4n6 were only 0. 46% and 0. 61%, respectively. The total relative mol% of n3 VLC-PUFAs synthesized from EPA was almost two times that of n6 VLC-PUFAs synthesized from AA.
CONCLUSION: ELOVL4 protein preferentially elongates n3 PUFA to VLC - PUFAs over n6 PUFA. Dietary supplementation of appropriate n3/n6 PUFAs may provide STGD3 patients with some therapeutic benefits.

Objective To investigate the relationship between aggrecan and YKL-40 in knee articular cartilage of Sprague-Daw-lay(SD) rats with osteoarthritis (OA) .Methods Fifty-six healthy SD rats were randomly divided into 7 groups ,8 cases per group . The one side of knee joint was randomly selected for performing the anterior cruciate ligment transection (ACLT) and establishing the OA model .The rats in one group were randomly killed on the day of operation and at postoperative 0 ,2 ,4 ,8 ,12 ,16 ,20 weeks . The femoral condyle cartilage samples at different time periods in the operated side were collected for conducting safranin O /fast green staining and HE staining .Meanwhile ,the OA pathological grade was made out according to the modified Mankin scale .The expression of aggrecan and YKL-40 in the cartilage with different stages of OA were analyzed by the immunohistochemistry meth-od ,and the status of expression were measured by average optical density (AOD) .The correlation between aggrecan and YKL-40 was analyzed .Results With the aggravation of OA ,the expression of aggrecan was gradually reduced and the expression of YKL-40 was gradually increased .The differences during the early ,middle and late phases of OA had statistical significance (P<0 .05) . The expression of aggrecan was negatively correlated with the expression of YKL-40(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The level of aggrecan is gradually reduced with the aggravation of OA .Aggrecan is negatively correlated with the YKL-40 level ,which may reflect the dedifferentiation degree of joint chondrocyte to some extent .