AIM: To investigate the effect of epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced p38 MAPK activation and tumor necrosis factor-? (TNF-?) secretion in macrophages. METHODS: Western blotting was used to detect the phosphorylation of p38 MAPK in mouse macrophages cultured in vitro. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay was used to determine the secretion of TNF-? in macrophages. Electron microscopy was used to study the effect of EGCG on the structure of LPS. RESULTS: LPS caused activation of p38 MAPK and more production of TNF-?, EGCG inhibited LPS-induced phosphorylation of p38 MAPK and TNF-? production and had no effect on the structure of LPS. CONCLUSIONS: EGCG has no direct effect on LPS, but blocks cellular signal pathway. The inhibition of EGCG on LPS-induced TNF-? production is mediated, at least in part, through blocking of p38 MAPK pathway. [

Objective To investigate the low hemoglobin density (low haemoglobin density,LHD) and red blood cell volume distribution width (red blood cell volume distribution width,RDW) in iron deficiency anemia (iron-deficiency anemia,IDA)in children with the value of diagnosis and treatment.Methods From February 2016 to May 2017,in the Second People's Hospital of Longgang District in Shenzhen City,86 cases of children with iron deficiency anemia for IDA group,and 120 cases of healthy children (as the control group) at the same time were confirmed.Blood routine of children with IDA were detected before and after treatment hemoglobin concentration and the results were analyzed statistically.Results 120 cases of healthy children in the peripheral blood LHD value was 2.74 ％ ± 0.90 ％ and the boy was 3.07 ％ ± 0.81％,higher than that of 2.26 ％ ± 0.69 ％ of the girls.Between them,there was statistically significant difference (t=3.815,P＜0.05).The value of RDW was 12.37 ％ ± 2.84 ％,12.09 ％ ± 2.80 ％ for the boys and 12.56 ％ ± 2.87 ％ for the girls,there was no statistically significant difference between the them (t=0.517,P＞0.517).Before treatment,86 cases of children with IDA LHD and RDW values in peripheral blood were 30.67 ％ ± 20.12 ％ and 16.62 ％ ± 3.27 ％,significantly higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant between (t=4.025 ～ 4.025,P＜0.05 ～ 0.01),and there was no statistically significant difference between male and female children (t =0.761 ～ 0.917,P＞ 0.05).After treatment L HD and RDW values were 10.65 ％ ± 8.92 ％ and 14.02 ％ ± 2.93 ％,significantlylower than before the treatment,between them was statistically significant difference (t=2.912～9.675,P＜0.05).Conclusion Children with iron deficiency anemia treatment before the LHD and RDW values significantly elevated in the blood,significantly decreased after treatment,the LHD and RDW values for diagnosis and treatment of children with iron deficiency anemia dynamic monitoring has certain application value,worthy of popularization and application.

Objective To evaluate the role of silent information regulator fac tor 2-related enzyme 1 (SIRT1)/Forkhead Box O3 (FoxO3a) signaling pathway in berberine pretreatment-induced reduction of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R)-caused injury to hepatic parenchymnal cells.Methods Hepatic parenchymal cells obtained from AML12 mice were cultured and seeded in 6-well plates (2 ml/well) and in 96-well plates (200 μl/well) at the density of l×l06 cells/ml.The cells were divided into 4 groups (n=36 each)using a randomn number table:control group (group C),group H/R,berberine pretreatment group (group BP) and SIRT1-siRNA group (group SS).The cells were cultured in normal culture atmosphere (5％ CO2-21％ O2-74％ N2) in group C.In H/R,BP and SS groups,the cells were exposed to hypoxic air (5％ CO2-1％ O2-94％ N2) for 12 h,followed by 6 h reoxygenation in normal culture atmosphere (5％ CO2-21％ O2-74％ N2).In group SS,small interference RNA targeting SIRT1 (SIRT1-siRNA) was added to the culture medium at 24 h prior to hypoxia.Berberine (final concentration 5 μmol/L) was added at 2 h prior to hypoxia in BP and SS groups.At the end of reoxygenation,the cell viability was measured by methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium assay,the malondialdehyde (MDA) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,cell apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry,the expression of SIRT1 and FoxO3α was detected by Western blot,and the acetylation of FoxO3α was measnred by using immunoprecipitation.Apoptotic rate was calculated.Results Compared with group C,the cell viability was significantly decreased,the MDA content was increased,the SOD activity was decreased,apoptotic rate was increased,the expression of SIRT1 and ratio of FoxO3α expression in nucleus/in cytoplasma were increased,and the acetylation of FoxO3α in the nucleus was increased in H/ R,BP and SS groups (P＜ 0.05).Compared with group H/R,the cell viability was significantly increased,the MDA content was decreased,the SOD activity was increased,apoptotic rate was decreased,the expression of SIRT1 and ratio of FoxO3α expression in nucleus/in cytoplasma were increased,and the acetylation of FoxO3α in the nucleus was increased in group BP (P＜0.05).Compared with group BP,the cell viability was significantly decreased,the MDA content was increased,the SOD activity was decreased,apoptotic rate was increased,the expression of SIRT1 and ratio of FoxO3α expression in nucleus/in cytoplasma were decreased,and the acetylation of FoxO3α in the nucleus was decreased in group SS (P＜O.05).Conclusion The mechanism by which berberine pretreatment attenuates H/R-caused injury to hepatic parenchymal cells is related to promotion of SIRT1 expression in cells and inhibition of FoxO3α acetylation in the nucleus.

Objective: To understand the epidemiological characteristics of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in Shaanxi Province from 2016 to 2021, so as to provide the basis for improving PTB prevention and control strategies. Methods: The incidence data of PTB cases in Shaanxi Province were collected from the Tuberculosis Information Management System of the Chinese Disease Prevention and Control Information System from 2016 to 2021. The temporal, geographical, and demographic distribution characteristics of PTB were described. Results: A total of 121 280 PTB cases were reported in Shaanxi Province from 2016 to 2021, with the reported incidence rate decreasing from 56.30/105 in 2016 to 40.98/105 in 2021 (P<0.05). The etiological positivity rate increased from 16.61% in 2016 to 54.37% in 2021 (P<0.05). The average annual number of reported cases peaked in March (1 984.67 cases, accounting for 9.81%), followed by January (1 885.50 cases, accounting for 9.33%), and hit its lowest in October (1 458.50 cases, accounting for 7.22%). The incidence of PTB was relatively high in northern Shaanxi and southern Shaanxi, at 67.99/105 and 64.05/105, respectively, while it was relatively low in Guanzhong Region, at 44.83/105. The incidence rates of Ankang City (85.81/105), Fugu County (73.92/105), and Yulin City (72.20/105) ranked the top three. There were 80 111 male cases and 41 169 female cases of PTB, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.95︰1. The reported incidence rate of males (67.38/105) was significantly higher than that of females (36.61/105), and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Among males, the highest average reported incidence rate was found in the 80 to <85 age group (179.46/105), while among females, the highest was in the 75 to <80 age group (104.38/105). The main occupations were farmers, accounting for 68.87% (83 526 cases). Conclusions The reported incidence rate of PTB in Shaanxi Province showed an overall downward trend from 2016 to 2021, with a high incidence in winter and spring. The epidemic in southern Shaanxi and northern Shaanxi is more severe than in Guanzhong Region of Shaanxi Province. The incidence of PTB is predominantly found among males, the elderly, and farmers.

We are reporting in this article some analyzed data obtained from inspection and related information on current situations medical devices in use. Some ideas and suggestions are also proposed here on how to systematically and legally inspecting and monitoring medical devices in use.
Equipment Safety ; Materials Management, Hospital

Objective To investigate the curative effects of damage control surgery in treatment of borderline severe multiple fractures.Methods The study involved 37 patients with severe multiple fractures(ISS of 16-42,Pape classification of borderline type)surgically treated from January 2009 to June 2010.All patients underwent staged surgeries according to damage control principles:hemostasis,debridement and provisional fixation were given in the first stage;antishock,anti-coagulation dysfunction,anti-hypothermy,anti-infection were performed in the second stage;definitive operations for fractures were performed as soon as possible in the third stage,provided that their physiological condition was permitted.Results All the patients received effective treatments such as debridement,provisional fixation and antishock in the first and second stages,with no iatrogenic secondary injury.The patients had significant recovery in the 6-14 months of follow-up,with total disability rate of 16％.Conclusion The staged operations according to damage control principles are effective and safe in treatment of borderline severe multiple fractures.

ObjectiveTo investigate the morning blood pressure surge(MBPS) and its relationship with 24-hour blood pressure variability and anti-hypertensive drugs in middle-aged and elderly hypertensive patients.Methods A total of 521 middle-age and elderly men were surveyed with ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and ambulatory electrocardiograms recordings as well as questionnaire investigation from January 2009 to December 2010.Subjects were divided into MBPS positive group and MBPS negative group according to the level of MBPS[ ＞35 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) or ≤35 mm Hg].ResultsIn all the cases,the prevalence of MBPS was 19.4％,of which the elderly and very elderly had higher prevalences ( 18.9％ and 21.8％,respectively) than the middle-aged (5.6％,both P ＜0.01 ).Significant differences could be found in age [ ( 81.6 ± 6.4 ) years vs ( 78.7 ± 9.7 ) years ],day mean systolic blood pressure [ ( 132.8 ± 13.3) mm Hg vs ( 128.8 ±13.3) mm Hg],fasting blood glucose [ (5.96 ± 1.59) mmol/L vs (5.68 ± 1.22) mmol/L] and 24-hour blood pressure variability between the two groups ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).Significant difference could be observed in the prevalence of MBPS between the diuretics-taking group and non-taking group (27.4％ vs 17.6％,P ＜0.05 ).ConclusionsThe elderly hypertensive patients are prone to appear MBPS phenomenon.Fasting blood glucose level,24-hour blood pressure variability may be associated with MBPS.Diuretic antihypertensive treatment may not be conductive for MBPS control.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between sternum protection and bone marrow suppression in postoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma. Methods Total of 98 postoperative patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma were randomly divided into experimental group (52 cases) and control group (46 cases). All patients were given intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), with the dose of 50-50.4 Gy. The patients in experimental group were irradiated by 6 fields (4-fields in front, 2-fields behind) which were crossed to avoid direct exposure to the sternum. The patients in control group were irradiated by 5 fields (3-fields in front, 2-fields behind) with front-middle of the field passing through the sternum. Concurrently all patients received 2 cycles of cisplatin chemotherapy. Results Dmean, V20 and V30 of the sternum in the experimental group were (20.21 ±3.60) Gy, (40.78 ±7.19) % and (33.78 ±9.44) %, which were lower than those in the control group [(30.91±5.21) Gy, (81.01±4.81) %, (51.60±6.84) %], respectively (P<0.05). However, the volume and dose distribution of lung, spinal cord and heart were similar between the two groups (P> 0.05). Both the incidence rates of bone marrow suppression at 14th day and 35th day after radiotherapy were significantly higher in the control group (52.2%, 73.9%) than those in the experimental group (28.8 %, 50.0 %) (P< 0.05), and the incidence rate of bone marrow suppression at 7th day after radiotherapy was similar between the two groups. Conclusion Protecting and sketching for sternum in postoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma can reduce the incidence of bone marrow suppression effectively, which would not increase the radiation dose in the lung, heart and spinal cord.

Background and purpose: Extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcoma (EMC) is a malignancy of uncertain differentiation tumor characterized by a multinodular structure and abundant myxoid matrix. Its preferred sites were the deep soft tissues of the extremities. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinicopathologic characteristics, diagnosis and differential diagnosis of EMC. Methods: Seven cases of EMC were analyzed for clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features with review of the related literature. Results: It occurred predominantly in females (male/female=2︰5). Five cases were located in low extremities and two in upper limb girdles, more commonly near the joint. Grossly, the masses showed as grey, lobular and somewhat transparent with a relatively well-deifned margin. Microscopically, the small ovary or plump spindle-shaped cells arranged in strand and cord patterns and lobular architecture which separated by delicate fibrous networks with an abundant myxoid but hypovascular background. And the tumors were immunoreactive for vimentin, and partly for S-100 and EMA, meanwhile, negative for CK. Conclusion:EMC is a rare soft tissue sarcoma with distinctive histopathological features. It should be distinguished from some mimics especially those tumors with a myxoid stroma or chondroid differentiation, such as chordoma and chondrosarcoma.

OBJECTIVE To investigate the anti- tremor effect and mechanism of baicalein on oxotremorine- induced muscle tremor in mice. METHODS The acute model of muscular tremor was induced by intraperitoneal injection of oxotremorine, and the latency, duration and frequency of muscle tremor in mice were measured immediately; the saliva of mice was measured to reflect the correlation between tremor and peripheral nerve function; the aim of this study was to determine the content of MDA and the activity of GSH-PX, and to investigate the anti-oxidation of mice with tremor model. The activity of acetylcholinesterase (AchE) and acetylcholine transferase (ChAT) can indirectly reflect the level of acetylcholine in the brain. The level of monoamine neurotransmitters in brain tissue was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC-ECD). RESULTS The animals in the model group appeared obvious tremoring, salivating and erecting and other symptoms. Compared to the model group, there was no obvious inhibitory effect on the administration of each dose. After 7, 14, 21 and 28 d of continuous administration, the latency, duration and tremor frequency of tremor mice were significantly shortened, the levels of acetylcholine were significantly decreased, the changes of DOPAC and DA neurotransmitters in the brain of model group were recovered, regulate the dynamic balance of acetylcholine and dopamine in the brain. CONCLUSION Long- term administration can improve the tremor behavior of mice, the mechanismmay be related to the regulation of neurotransmittersin brain.