OBJECTIVE:To explore the teaching method for clinical pharmacy undergraduate interns,and provide reference for improving graduation practice effect. METHODS:Starting from the actual teaching work of clinical pharmacy undergraduate in-terns,the teaching work situation was emphatically introduced,development of teaching plan,determinationof teaching duties and development of management practices were described in detail,the working experience and deficiency were summarized,and ap-propriate improvement measures were proposed. RESULTS & CONCLUSIONS:According to the contents and characteristics of clinical pharmacy,teaching plans based on clinical practice was developed for the basic premise of standardization and systematiza-tion by combining with the teaching syllabus;setting up teaching working group,developing management practices for interns and knowing responsibilities of teachers are the fundamental guarantees for successful completion of the internship. Practice has proved that the improvement of the teaching method of teaching was beneficial to improve the effect of clinical pharmacy undergraduates.

OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for the simultaneous determination of imperatorin and isoimperatorin in Qingxu-an tablet. METHODS:UPLC was performed on the column of ACQUITY UPLC BEH C18 with mobile phase of methanol-water (gradient elution)at a flow rate of 0.3 ml/min,the detection wavelength was 248 nm,column temperature was 30 ℃,and the in-jection volume was 3 μl. RESULTS:The linear range was 1.305-13.05 μg/ml for imperatorin(r=0.999 9)and 1.096-10.96 μg/ml for isoimperatorin(r=0.999 9);RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were lower than 1%;recoveries were 97.45%-100.10%(RSD=1.00%,n=9)and 98.33%-101.20%(RSD=1.01%,n=9),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The method is accurate,fast and reliable,and can be used for the simultaneous determination of imperatorin and isoimperatorin in Qingxuan tablet.

International League Against Epilepsy define intractable epilepsy as failure of adequate trials of 2 used antiepileptic drugs schedules (whether as monotherapies or in combination) to achieve seizure freedom.Intractable epilepsy often requires a combination of drugs,or other treatment options (ketogenic diet,surgical treatment,etc.).Therefore,it is very important to familiar with the definition of intractable epilepsy,also the main characteristics of the treatments,which can reduce the onset of children,improve cognition,and improve the patient's quality of life.

This paper introduces the significance of hospital library service for patients,library service mode of hospitals in developed countries,and our experience in this aspect.Possible problems in the service are also identified.It is put forward that the service should be based on the actual situation of the hospital,so as to improve the library itself and the overall hospital service,which are part of the core competitive power of the hospital.

Objective:To study the features of domestic violence of psychosis patients and its related factors.Methods:Demographic information questionnaire,past history questionnaire,Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI),Personality Diagnostic Questionnaire-4th Version(PDQ4+),early deviant family environment questionnaire(before 18 years old),BPRS and Family Environment Scale-Chinese version(FES-CV) were used to analyze the features of domestic violence and its related factors.Results:(1) There were 39 deaths and 28 injuries caused by 38 cases of domestic violence.(2) There were more cases with history of aggressive behavior in psychosis than without domestic violent behavior.There were more cases with history of alcohol abuse,parental unsound rearing styles,suffering parental abuse and family defect in early years in domestic violent patients than patients without.Diagnoses included more schizophrenia and depression in patients with domestic violence than patients without.Psychosis patients with domestic violent behavior had higher F,D,Hs,Hy,Pa scores of MMPI than patients without.Significant differences were found in cohesion,affection expression,entertainment.Compared with non-domestic violence patients,domestic violence patients had higher scores in paranoid,dependent,passive aggressive and depressive personality disorder of PDQ4+.There were deferences between two groups in total score,hostile—suspiciousness and anxiety—depression of the BPRS.(3) Logistic regression analyses suggested that the main risk factors for violent behavior of psychosis patients were the history of aggressive behavior,the D、Pa scores of MMPI and total score 、hostile—suspiciousness and anxiety—depression of the BPRS,parental abuse、parental unsound rearing styles,depressive personality disorder of PDQ4+.Conclusion:The domestic violence of psychosis patients brings about serous results.The high incidence among schizophrenic and depress patients should arouse the clinical and social awareness.Psychosocial factor 、personality disorder and symptom of psychopathology are causing factors of domestic violence,which can be considered to predict and direct intervention.

Objective:To study the family environment associated with violent behavior in schzophrenic patients and violent criminals.Methods:A contrastive study was conducted between 49 violent criminals and 35 schizophrenic patients with violent behavior.They were assessed with past history questionnaire,early deviant family environment questionnaire(before 18 years old) and Family Environment Scale-Chinese version(FES-CV).Results:①There were more histories of aggressive behavior and parental psychotic histories in schizophrenic patients than in violent criminals.There were more histories of alcohol abuse,parental unsound rearing styles,suffering parental abuse and family defect in early years in violent criminals than in schizophrenic patients.②Significant differences between two groups were found in cohension achievement,entertainment,organization subscales of the Family Environment Scale.Conclusion:There are significant differences between two groups in family environment.Progressing improvement in family environment will help to improve psychological health level of violent people.

Objective:To study the effect of heat shock on the production and protein composition of Exosomes derived from a mouse hepatoma cell line(H22) in order to provide theoretical basis for the improvement in production and immunol therapy of exosomes. Methods:Normal Exosomes and heat shocked Exosomes(HS-Exo) were purified by serial ultracentrifugation and sucrose density gradiant centrifugation,then were observed and identified by electron microscopy.The protein composition of Exosomes and HS-Exo were analysed by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis. And their immunological factors were detected by Western blot. Results:Under the electron microscopic view,HS-Exo had similar morphologic pattern to Exosomes,and the structure was complete,as vesicles with a diameter ranging from 20~90nm;The production was increased in heat shocked Exosomes.And the expressions of immunological factors such as HSP70,HSC70,HSP60,ICAM-1 in HS-Exo were significantly up-regulated than those in Exosomes. Conclusion:Serial ultracentrifugation and sucrose density gradiant centrifugation can be used to purify HS-Exo. HSP70,HSC70,HSP60,ICAM-1 were expressed more in HS-Exo than in Exosomes,which may suggest that Exosomes derived from heat-shocked H22 cells would have more effective immunostimulatory functions.

Approxmately 97% of all transcriptional output of the human being is noncoding RNA(ncRNA),which has been found to play roles in a great variety of processes,and is becoming more andmore attractive.This review is a general intruduction to the concept,classification and functions ofncRNA.

Humans ; Occupational Diseases ; prevention & control ; Risk Assessment ; Safety

Objective To investigate the activation mechanism of matrix metalloproteinase-13 zymogen (pro-MMP-13) induced by nitric oxide (NO). Methods Human chondrosarcoma cells (SW1353) were grouped and treated with the NO donor S-nitroso-N-acetyl-penicillamine (SNAP), SNAP + NO scavenger oxyhemoglobin (OxyHb), and SNAP + tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase material -2 (TIMP-2) respectively. After stimulation, matrix metalloproteinase -13 ( a-MMP-13 ) expression level was detected. Besides, the expression levels of MT1- MMP were detected after SW1353 cells stimulated with SNAP and SNAP + OxyHb, respectively. At last, the activities of the recombinant MMP-13 (r-MMP-13) were detected after r-MMP-13 stimulated with SNAP, recombinant MT1-MMP (r-MT1-MMP) and r-MT1-MMP + TIMP-2,respectively. Results SNAP increased human chondrocytes a-MMP-13 expression, OxyHb and TIMP-2 inhibited a- MMP- 13 expression. SNAP also increased the expression of MT1- MMP levels, OxyHb inhibited the expression of MT1-MMP. r-MT1-MMP activated the r-MMP-13, but SNAP did not, TIMP-2 inhibited the activity of r-MMP-13 induced by r-MT1-MMP. Conclusions NO can not directly activate pro-MMP13 by the role of S-nitroso-(S nitrosylation). MT1-MMP mediates the activiation of pro-MMP-13 induced by NO.