Choroidal metastasis is one of the most common malignant tumors inside the eyes. It causes pain, hypopsia and some other related symptoms. It reduces the quality of the patients' life. It's significant for the patients to be detected and treated early, therefore they will have better vision and longer life. The treatments of choroidal metastasis are developing quickly. Both the vitreous cavity injection of targeted drug and gene therapy are hot topics of research. This paper summarizes the etiology, development, diagnosis and treatment of choroidal metastasis nowadays.

A simple and rapid expression and purification method of recombinant firefly luciferase was developed for bacteria detection. A modified luciferase gene from North American firefly Photinus pyralis was cloned into pET28a expression vector and the recombinant protein was produced in Escherichia coli BL21. The recombinant luciferase, equipped with a polyhistidine affinity tag, was purified by immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography (IMAC). The approach generated an abundant expression and an efficient purification of a recombinant luciferase with final yield 1.995mg/L of cell culture. Experiments on the recombinant luciferase also showed that the relative light units (RUL) of the enzyme were 5.8×108, and the specific activity was 2.9×1010 RLU/mg. By applying adenosine triphosphate (ATP) bioluminescence to detection of the coin bacteria using the recombinant protein, the ATP content of bacteria was 9.48×10-16mol/mL, and was identical to the bacteria counts (4500CFU/mL) in order of magnitude. Taken together, our results provided a simple and efficacious method of the preparation of recombinant luciferase, which could be applied in the determination of bacteria via ATP bioluminescence.

Objective To investigate the gene-expression profile in kidney of rats during late sepsis (24hours) by using microarray technology in order to offer some clue to revealing the pathogenetic mechanism of sepsis at gene level. Method A total of 30 Wistar rats were selected and divided into model group and control group randomly(random number). The rats of control group were sham operated and the rats of model group received cecal ligature and puncture (CLP) operation. The biomarkers of renal function were assayed and the histopathological changes of kidney in rats were observed under transmission electron microscope 24 hours after operation. Gene chips containing 22 107 rat-genes cDNA were used to exmine gene-expression in kidney of septic rats to sieve the genes with different expressions with software. Data were analyzed by using SPSS version 11.0 software package.Statistical analyses of two independent samples carried out by using t -test. Results Compared with the control group, the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine (Cr) of sepsis group were higher (P ＜ 0.01 ). The histopathological changes in kidney of rats demonstrated the establishment of sepsis model successful 24 hours later.Compared with the control group, there were 325 genes with differential expression in model group. Among the known-functional genes, there were 100 up-regulated and 64 down-regulated. Sorted by biological function, the genes were mainly related to metabolism, immunoresponse, cellular signal transduction, apoptosis, ion channel,growth factor and so on. Conclusions A sequence of genes expressed differentially in kidney of rats with late sepsis. Microarray technology played an important role in the research into sepsis mechanisms.

Benzene ; toxicity ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; Thrombocytopenia ; chemically induced

Objective To investigate the changes of brain volumes in neuromyelitis optica (NMO)patients using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) method, and preliminarily explore the pattern of cerebral anatomical impairment. Methods Twenty-three clinically defined NMO patients and 15 gender and age matched healthy volunteers underwent 3-dimensional (3D) fast spoiled gradient echo (FSPGR) sequence scanning on 3.0 Tesla MR systen. Raw data was processed and analyzed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM) 5. Whole brain volumes included grey matter volume (GMV), white matter volume (WMV), total intracranial volume (TIV), grey matter fraction (GMF), white matter fraction (WMF),brain tissue fraction (BTF) and regional brain volumes between the two groups were compared by independent samples t-test and an Pearson were performed to compare the regional brain volumes and the ages. Results GMV of NMO group[(610. 2 ± 55.0) ml] was significantly decreased comparing to healthy control group[(657. 2 ± 36. 3) ml] (t = - 2. 915, P ＜ 0. 05). The age of NMO patients [(40 ± 9) years old] showed negative correlation with GMF [(42. 5 ± 2. 6) %] (r = - 0. 673, P ＜ 0. 05). Regional brain volume analysis showed decreased GMV in left insula and bilateral posterior cingutates in NMO patients,while decreased WMV was found in left frontal and left parietal white matter. Conclusion VBM could detect brain volume changes sensitively. Total grey matter volume in NMO patients was decreased comparing to HC group. Regional grey matter atrophy in NMO patients occurred in left insular and bilateral posterior cingutates, regional white matter atrophy occurred in left frontal and left parietal lobe.

Objective To construct prokaryotic vector and express human herpes virus 8 (HHV8) small capsid protein open reading frame 65 (ORF65) in Escherichia coli.Methods DNA was extracted from BCB-1 cells (HHV8-positive but EBV-negative).HHV80RF65 coding sequence was amplified by PCR and inserted into the prokaryotic expression vector pThioHisA.Recombinant plasmid was transformed into E.coli BL21 to express fusion protein induced by IPTG.The expressed products were purified by affinity chromatography on Ni-NTA resin.The antigenieity and the specificity of the recombinant proteins was identified by Western blot with HHVS-positive serum samples.ELISA coating with the recombinant proteins was used to screen 568 serum samples,which were simultaneously detected by IFA kit(Biotrin) and ELISA kit(Qiagen).Results Gene sequencing showed that the target gene was identical with that of HHV8 standard species,the 31 500 fusion protein was found in SDS-PAGE.ELISA coating with the recombinant proteins had a good agreement with IFA kit(Biotrin) and ELISA kit(Qiagen).The detection for the clinical samples showed the ELISA kit was feasible,applicable and consistant.Conclusion The recombinant proteins showed good antigenicity,and it is valuable for further study on HHV8 specific antibody detection.

? AlM: To evaluate the efficacy of the method of vitrectomy combined with posterior sclera reinforcement for retinal detachment due to macular hole in high myopia.
?METHODS:From January 2012 to December 2013, in 45 eyes of 45 high myopic patients with retinal detachment due to macular hole, 28 eyes were in group A of vitrectomy with posterior sclera reinforcement and 17 eyes were in group B of vitrectomy. Preoperative examinations included visual acuity, intraocular pressure, indirect ophthalmoscopy and OCT were performed. ln follow - up 6 to 12mo, postoperative examinations of visual acuity, OCT were performed and effects of retinal reattachment and macular hole closure were compared between the two groups.
?RESULTS: ( 1 ) Postoperative examinations: visual acuity was 1. 19±0. 39 in group A and 1. 51±0. 34 in group B. The differences were statistically significant(P<0. 05). (2) The retinal reattachment rate was 100% in group A and 88. 24% in group B. There was no statistical significance between them(P>0. 05). (3) The macular hole closure rate was 82% in group A and 53% in group B. The differences were statistically significant(P<0. 05).
? CONCLUSlON: The treatment of vitrectomy with posterior sclera reinforcement is safe and feasible, which could improve visual acuity and increase the rate of macular hole closure in treating retinal detachment due to macular hole in high myopia.

Objective To observe the effect of Manzhi Kechuan Ling(MKL)on pulmonary function and quality of life (QOL)of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)at stationary stage.Methods Seventy-six COPD patients were randomized into two groups.The treatment group (N=40)received oral use of MKL (mainly composed of Radix Ginseng,Radix Astragali,Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae,Colla Cornus Cervi,Placenta Hominis,Gecko,Semen Juglandis,Gecko,Fructus Perillae,Bulbus Fritillariae Cirrhosae,Rhizoma Pinelliae)for 6 months,and was followed up for another 6 months after suspension of medication.The control group (N=36)did not receive any medication.The pulmonary function,TCM syndrome scores,QOL scores and annual acute attack times were examined before treatment,6 and 12 months after treatment.Meanwhile,artery blood gas analysis was performed before treatment and 6 months after treatment.Results Inthe treatment group,the pulmonary function indexes of forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1)andforced vital capacity (FVC)were improved 6 months after treatment (P0.05).In the control group,FEV1 and FVC presented a decreasing trend 6 and 12 months after treatment,and FEV1 and FCV 12 months after treatment differed from those before treatment (P0.05).There showed statistical differences of PaO2 and PaCO2 between the two groups 6 months after treatment(P

Objective To systematically evaluate the health status and intervention measures in the US Armed Forces, and to provide reference for the development of health promotion strategies in our army.Methods The PubMed, Medline, Springer, Elservier, HighWire and CNKI Database were searched electronically, with assigned search strategy for American military health status and intervention measures published from Jan.1997 to Dec.2015.Results There were 25 of pieces literature about training injury, low back pain, posttraumatic stress disorder, depression and cardiovascular disease that were screened.Conclusion The main health problems facing the US Armed Forces and the focus of the intervention measures involved training injuries, low back pain, mental illness and cardiovascular disease.Protection of military health is shifting from the single disease prevention to diversified comprehensive maintenance in the new era.

Child ; Churg-Strauss Syndrome ; pathology ; Female ; Humans