The biggest highlight in the 55th ASH annual meeting is a series of revolutionary progress in the field of diagnosis,pathogenesis,prediction,prognosis and minimal residue disease (MRD) of malignant blood diseases guiding with next generation of sequencing (NGS) techniques.This article will share the major contents of 7 papers using NGS techniques in the ASH annual meeting with domestic readers here.

Objective:To construct the pEGFP-C2-hKGF vector,a neukaryotic expression plasmid of hKGF gene in order to provide experimental material for the studies of hKGF gene function and hKGF gene therapy afterward.Methods:The hKGF gene was amplified by reverse transcriptage polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR).Total RNA was extracted from human embryo lung fibroblast(HLF)and then cloned into pMD18-T vector.The recombinant plasmid were screened and extracted.The pEGFP-C2-hKGF vector,an eukaryotic expression plasmid of hKGF gene was constructed after the object hKGF cDNA fragment was inserted into pEGFP-C2 vector and the recombinant were screened,cloned and extracted.The recombinant plasmid vector was transferred into AEC II,and expression of hKGF was assayed by immunohistochemistry.The effect of AEC II proliferation was analyzed by cell count.Results:609bp DNA fragment containing hKGF gene and restriction sites were obtained by RT-PCR.After cloned by pMD18-T vector and certified by restriction analysis and sequencing,pEGFP-C2-hKGF vector was successfully constructed by means of recombinant DNA technology.pEGFP-C2-hKGF encoding the green fluorescent protein(GFP),capable of directing the expression of functional hKGF successfully.Furthermore,hKGF had the effect on AEC II proliferation.Conclusion:The efficient expression vector of hKGF gene is constructed,which can be used to establish the hKGF gene therapy vector.

Objective:To investigate the mechanism of hypertrophic scar formation in different age periods.Methods:The expression of type I and type Ⅲ collagen of hypertrophic scar in different age periods was measured with immunohistochemistry which was divided into two groups 1～19 years old and 20～50 years old,and the same measure was adopted in normal skin divided into four groups-fetal,1～19,20～50,and more than 60 years old .The quantities of type I and type Ⅲ collagen and the ratios were analyzed.Results:①The ratio of type Ⅰ/type Ⅲcollagen of normal skin had a guadually increasing tendency.②The ratio of type Ⅰ/type Ⅲ collagen of HTS was increasing compared with normal skin(NS),and relative quantities of type I collagen of HTS was significantly increasing.The ratio of type Ⅰ/type Ⅲcollagen of HTS in group of 1～19 year old was highter than that in the group of 20～50 year old .Conclusion:Normal structure of the skin is decided by quantities and ratio of type I and type Ⅲ collagen.The formation of hypertrophic scar in different age periods relates to maladjustment of the ratio of type I and type Ⅲ collagen.Collagen synthesis and regulation of its constitute are finished after about six months.They keep relatively stable within 6 month to 2～3 years.

Objective: To find out a better technique of auricular reconstruction with Medpor framework for children to obtain better appearance of the reconstructed ear.Methods: The reconstructed ear was implanted by Medpor framework,which was covered by temporal superfacial fascia flap with superfacial temporal arteria.Skin flap of leftover ear covered rear of reconstructed ear,full thick skin graft covered one of obverse side,and infra-leftover ear was modified as auricularlobule.Results: Postoperative follow-up was as long as 24 months.All 12 patients obtained better appearance of the reconstructed ears than those of the operation in earlier period.Conclusion: The modified auricular reconstruction would be a better choice for the children with congenital lack of auricle or hypoplasia of auricle.

Adult ; Ethylene Dichlorides ; poisoning ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Exposure

Adult ; Heat Stroke ; Humans ; Male ; Occupational Diseases

Abortion, Induced ; Adult ; Chorionic Villi ; blood supply ; Endarteritis ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy ; Pregnancy Complications ; pathology ; Stillbirth

Objective To provide guide for clinical diagnosis,classification and treatment of chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder(CKD-MBD).Methods A total of 56 patients with chronic renal insufficiency were divided into three different groups:CKD4 period,CKD5 period and long-term hemodialysis(over 5 years).Their serum calcium,phosphorus,iPTH,bAP,and TRACP levels,and the bone mineral density were examined.Results The incidences of CKD-MBD in the three groups were 36.4%,73.0%,and 87.5%,respectively.High-turnover bone disease accounted for 65.79%,and the low-turnover bone disease accounted for 34.21%.The bAP and TRACP activity was significantly increased in patients with high-turnover bone disease and decreased in those with low-turnover bone disease.Conclusion CKD-MBD is a common complication of patients with chronic renal failure,with the main type being high-turnover bone disease,but the low-turnover bone disease can not be ignored.TRACP and bAP are the sensitive indicators of osteoblasts and osteoclast activity,and they could be used to identify high or low turnover bone disease.TRACP and bAP,together with serum calcium,phosphorus,iPTH,bone mineral density changes,can be used for a comprehensive analysis of bone metabolic state,so as to guide the diagnosis,sub-typing,drug selection and comprehensive treatment of CKD-MBD.

Objective To investigate the clinical and X-ray characteristic findings of the cystic and expansive bone metastasis.Methods The clinical and X-ray findings of the cystic and expansive bone metastasis in 35 cases were analysed with the literaturereviewed.There were 21 males and 14 females,the age ranged from 35 to 70 years with average of 52 years.Results The bone metastasis was found 1~10 years after primary tumor diagnosed in 29 cases befor primary tumor diagnosed in 5 cases and the primary tumor did not know in one case.The primary neoplasmes included nasopharyngeal carcinoma in 10,lung carcinoma in 9,renal carcinoma in 5,breastcarcinoma in 4,thyroid carcinoma in 3,hepatic carcinoma,prostatic carcinoma,esophageal carcinoma and primary focus unknown in onerespectively.The metastatic lesions localized in the long bone in 20 cases,ribs in 4,pelvis in 4,vertebrae body in 2,scopula in 2,clavicle,metacarpal and skull in one respectively.There were 16 cystic destruction,9 expansive destruction,10 both cystic and expansive.The marginated lesions were in 27 and 8 unclear in outline of lesion was in 8.There were distruction in the bony cortex with soft tissue in 7,and sclerosis in outline of lesion in 11 and bone crest and spot clacification inside the lesions in 6.Conclusion The time of metastases occured of cystic and expansive bone metastases is depended on the differentiating degree of primary tumor cell its developmental speed.

In this year,ASH annual meeting reported several new targeting therapeutic drugs for chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) and a part of lymphoma.Those drugs focus on some key targets in the signal transductional pathway of B cells.Although these targeting drugs individually did not improve the complete remission rate of CLL,but several clinical trial results showed that the combination therapy of those drugs with other drugs significantly improved the efficacy of CLL,and prolonged the progression-free survival of CLL patients.Therefore,experts believe that combination therapy and sequential therapy will start a new era in the treatment of CLL.This paper will share only the latest advances in the treatment of CLL and parts of lymphoma with domestic readers.