Objective According to the different characteristics of older vessels to assess the elderly during intravenous infusion may be risk factors,ways of improving the success rate of the elderly vein,to ensure the quality of the method of infusion to alleviate pain. Methods Office came intravenous infusion of 205 elderly patients were randomly divided into 2 groups,observation group,105 cases,100 cases of the experimental group.The observation group using conventional methods of vein puncture,infusion process routinely inspected once a half hour; experiment groups according to blood vessels in patients with actual conditions,adopt "to find the optimal blood vessels,slow puncture,easy belt,inform and strengthen the inspection" approach,comparing two puncture and nursing methods affect the success rate of intravenous infusion. Results Intravenous infusion of quality control group(x2=8.14,P ＜0.05＝. Conclusion The experimental group was "looking for the best blood vessels,slow puncture easily with,inform and strengthen the inspections" can improve the quality of care the elderly intravenous infusion.

Post-traumatic cerebral infarction(PTCI)is a known severe complication of craniocerebral trauma. It often aggravates the disease of patients and increases mortality. The incidence of PTCI varies from 1.9%to 23%.In recent years. the incidence of PTCI has increased slightly with the continuous advancement of checkup means and awareness. Howeuer. because of the simultaneous existence of primary brain injury and various secondary brain damage, the early diagnosis and treatment of PTCI are difficult .This article reviews the clinical types, onset time, causes, clinical risk factors, diagnosis and treatment of PTCI.

Objective To investigate the expression of COX-2, VEGF, MMP-2 and P-g]ycoprotein in carcinoma of stomach and its significance. Method The expressions of COX-2, VEGF and P-glycoprotein inside and beside the tumor tissues of 57 cases carcinoma of stomach were detected with immunohistochemistry method. Result The expressions of COX-2, VEGF, MMP-2 and P-glyeoprotein inside the tumor tissues were significantly higher than that beside the tumor(χ2 = 5.29,5.37,5.62,4.87 ; P < 0.05). The expressions of COX-2, VEGF and MMP-2 were different among different carcinoma metastasis (χ2 = 5.97, 6.17,6.09 ; P < 0.05). P-glucoprotein expressions were positive correlated with gastric cancer(rs' = 0.674,0.65,0.67 ; P < 0.05). Conclusion COX-2, VGEF, MMP-2 and P-glyeopretein were some correlated and overexpressed in stomach carcinoma, which may take part in the genesis, development and multi-drug resistance of this cancer.

Objective To establish an HPLC method for determination of the content of paeoniflorin in in Anwei Granules.Methods With Phonomenex C18,150mm?4.60mm,5micron,acetonitrile-water-phosphoric acid(15∶85∶0.2)was used as the mobile phase,The flow rate was 1.0ml/min.The detection wavelength was 230nm.Results The linearity was obtained from 2.52-20.14 ?g(r=0.9990).The average recovery was 99.17 % with RSD=0.91%(n=6).Conclusions The method is sensitive,simple,specific and accurate for determination of astragaloside in Tangshenkang Granules.

During the past few years, it was found that hemophiliacs suffered from AIDS increasingly from year to year. The first case of hemophilia with AIDS was found in the fourth quater of 1981. Eight cases of hemophilia occurred in 1982, and 12 cases of AIDS were found in the hemophiliacs in 1983. The goal of this paper was to test the titer of CMV, EBV, HTLV and EA in the blood stream of hemophiliacs. Hemophiliacs had much higher sensitivity to CMV and EBV than the healthy control. There was a significant difference between these hemophiliacs without any symptoms of AIDS and healthy man. The relationship between hemophilia and AIDS and the cause that the hemophiliac suffers from AIDS are discussed.

ObjectiveTo analyze the factors related to the operation treatment effectiveness of lumber intervertebral discprolapse.MethodsThe data of 442 patients with lumber intervertebral discprolapse and treated by operation were analyzed retrospectively.Results442 patients had results of excellent in 319 cases (70.3%), good in 89 cases (20.2%), fair in 27 cases (6%), and poor in 7 cases (3.5%), the rate of re-operation was 2.9% (13 cases).ConclusionThe operation treatment of lumber intervertebral discprolapse must be performed after having precise diagnosis, surgical operation adaptation and suitable operation methods and enhancing nursing and recovery should be taken after operation in order to get a satisfactory effectiveness.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references and suggestions for building and improving the R&D incentive policies for or-phan drugs in China. METHODS:The R&D incentive policies for orphan drugs in USA and the EU were compared in aspects of its legislative history,incentive measures and effects. And suggestions for improving related policies in China were put forward. RE-SULTS & CONCLUSIONS:The R&D incentive policies for orphan drugs in USA and the EU respectively started from Orphan Drug Act in USA(1983)and Orphan Drug Management Specification in the EU(1999),then formed relatively complete system by continuous improvement. The USA and the EU showed differences in its certification standard,procedure and specific incentives [R&D funding,tax deduction,fee reduction,additional incentives for micro and small and medium enterprises (SMEs),market exclusivity and special approval procedure],etc. In terms of fee reduction,for example,prescription application fee,production cost and drug confirmation fee were exempted in USA,while arrangement assist fee,initial and follow-up fee,checking fee before approval,initial listing type were reduced to a certain percentage in the EU. After developing incentive policies for orphan drugs, there is great increase in numbers of recognized qualifications and listing,SMEs have become new force in orphan drug R&D, R&D investment covers all types of diseases,orphan drug R&D are becoming the main direction of drug innovation and biotechnol-ogy development. China should determine the relevant legislation of R&D incentives for orphan drugs as soon as possible,set certi-fication and improve specific measures of R&D incentives for orphan drugs from multiple aspects,while strengthen the cooperation with other countries in qualification and R&D incentives.

Cardiovascular Diseases ; Humans ; Osteoporosis

50% luminal narrowing) by rest first-pass MR imaging was 70.4%,94.2% and 78.7%,respectively.Conclusion Multimodality MR imaging in detecting the myocardial viability is superior to echocardiography,and has high coincidence with coronary angiography.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical application of gastric pharyngeal anastomosis assisted by laparoscope. METHOD: Apply laparoscope in the gastric pharyngeal anastomosis for 4 cases of advanced hypopharyngeal carcinoma and cervical esophageal carcinoma patients. RESULT: Gastric pharyngeal anastomosis assisted by laparoscope were successfully completed in all 4 patients, all patients avoided thoracotomy or laparotomy, one patient occurred pharyngeal fistula, and died six months later. One patient had cervical lymph node metastasis a year and a half later, without treatment again because of economicissue. The remaining two patients were still alive, one patient had survived 3 years and a half after operation, the other had survived 2 years and a half after operation. CONCLUSION Gastric pharyngeal anastomosis assisted by laparoscope is feasible. It can reduce the operation wound, improve the safety of operation and patients' life quality.
Anastomosis, Surgical ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Fistula ; pathology ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Laparoscopy ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neck ; Pharynx ; pathology ; surgery ; Survival Rate