Pancreatic cancer normally is lethal and difficult to treat.Recently,although chemotherapy drugs such as gemcitabine for the treatment achieved a certain effect, but the survival rate has not improved significantly. Over the past decade, a large number of studies that aimed to implicated in pancreatic tumor gemcitabine metabolism and resistance mechanisms. Recent data show that it is a great value for predicting efficacy in the treatment of pancreatic cancer with gemcitabine by detecting pancreatic cancer -related molecules and genes, especially in the field of individual therapy. This review describes advances in the studies of related molecules and genes affecting the efficacy of gemcitabine for pancreatic cancer.

Objective To study prognostic indicators in T1a renal cell carcinoma(RCC) from perspective of pathology .Methods Three hundred and thirty - eight patients with single sex renal cell carcinoma were collected from January 1996 to January 2013 in our hospital ,we retrospectively analyzed their clinical pathological features and the relationship between the disease progression , and explored the factors that affect the recurrence and distant metastasis .Results 11 cases(3 .3% ) patients were identified as a tumor recurrence ,9 of them had a clear metastatic lesions .Multi factor analysis results showed that the high tumor grade (level 3 and level 4) was an independent risk factor for tumor recurrence (hazard the wire :13 .0 ,95% CI :3 .90 - 43 .00 ,P < 0 .01) ;while age ,sex ,tumor size ,histological manifestations ,infringement of microcirculation and the operation factors such as boundary condi‐tion had no obvious correlation with tumor recurrence .Five years relapse free survival in patients with tumor grade high was 67 .8% ,compared with 96 .8% in the lower graded .Conclusion Fuhrman nuclear grading is a reliability index to judge the progno‐sis of T1a renal cell carcinoma postoperative recurrence and metastasis ,and higher class T1a phase need strengthening postoperative follow up and monitoring .

Superantigens are potent activators of T cells,causing rapid and massive proliferation of T cells and superantigen-dependent-cell-mediated cytotoxicity with extremely low doses.However such antitumor effects lack selectivity.Thus with the methods including monoclonal antibody targeting or binding superantigens to the surface of tumor cells as well as genetic engineering,scientists have done lots of work on targeted therapy of malignancies with superantigen.

Objective To study the pathogenesis of unstable bladder with partial bladder outlet obstruction through the experiment based research on connexins in both unstable bladder group and cell hypoxia group.Methods Unstable bladder rat models were established and smooth muscle cells were cultured in vitro.Then cell anoxia was induced.RT-PCR and Western blot were used to quantify the connexins.Results The mRNA levels of Cx40,Cx43 and the Cx43 protein expressed in the smooth muscle cells from the unstable bladder group and cell hypoxia groups were all higher than those in the control groups(the sham-operation group and normoxia groups)(P

Oncolytic adenovirus is known to carry out the transformation of adenovirus,which has kill-ing role on tumor defective gene phenotypes,and Can be used as vector for tumor targeted tbempy drugs.At pres-ent,H101 and dl1520 and other biological products are gained from adenovirus type 5-specific gene fragments,which targeted tumor cell defects in the p53 gene expression,can specifically recognize tumor cells and Carry out proliferation and lysis of tumor cells.These biological products can be used as vectors to carry the anti-tumor genes and result in more powerful anti-tumor effects.

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of postmenopausal patients with cervical intraepithelial neoplasia ( CIN) gradeⅡ/Ⅲand cervical cancer . Methods A retrospective analysis was made on the clinical characteristics of 57 cases of postmenopausal patients who were diagnosed as CIN grade Ⅱor above from January 2014 to September 2015.Their age ranged from 49 to 77 (58.2 ±5.6) years old, and the time of menopause ranged from 1 to 36 (9.4 ±6.9) years. Results ①In postmenopausal women with CIN Ⅱ/Ⅲ and cervical cancer, only about 1/5 (11/57, 19.3%) had clinical complaints, and nearly 2/3 (36/57, 63.2%) had smooth cervical appearance .②There were 36 cases of high-risk human papillomavirus ( HPV) (36/39, 92.3%), 20 cases of single HPV16 infection (20/36, 55.6%), 7 cases of HPV16 type and other high-risk HPV infection (7/36, 19.4%), and 9 cases of other types of high-risk HPV infection (9/36, 25.0%).③The positive rate of high-risk HPV was 92.3%(36/39) and the HPV16 positive rate was 69.2% (27/39).TCT examination showed a positive rate of high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) of only 29.6% (16/54), with significant difference (χ2 =6.686 and 14.286, P =0.010 and 0.000, respectively). Conclusions Postmenopausal women with cervical lesions usually have no obvious clinical symptoms . Gynecological examination alone is difficult to judge whether the cervical lesions exist .Strict cervical lesions screening is particularly important .

Spine metastasis stereotactic body radiation therapy delivers conformal high radiation dose to the tumor target, and steep falloff dose gradients protect adjacent normal structures, especially spinal cord. Some studies demonstrated stereotactic body radiation therapy for metastatic tumors of the spine is safe and clinically effective. This technique markedly improved local control with an excellent symptomatic response compared with conventional external beam radiation therapy techniques, and is beginning to change the treatment paradigms for metastatic spine disease both as post-operative adjuvant therapy and primary definitive local treatment. Although the technique is being increasingly used in clinical practice, the optimal fractionation schedule remains uncertain. Based on the research of radiobiologic principles, radiological physics and clinical data, multiple session stereotactic body radiation therapy has some advantage in clinic.

Cancer stem cell niche provides a relatively stable microenvironment for cancer stem cell (CSC)existence,proliferation and differentiation.This microenvironment consists of kinds of cells,stroma and cytokines, etc. Within it , CSC can resist chemoradiotherapy. It has been shown that destruction of the microen vironment can significantly enhance the effect of chemoradiotherapy and improve prognosis of cancer patients.

Objective To develop a platform of information collection for movements based on ARM7, through which human body movement information can be collected accurately and in time so that deeper scientific research about human body movement can be carried on. Methods By this means, multiplepoint acceleration information can be collected simultaneously through the multinodal network technology, and the information can be processed and retransmitted to computers to be analyzed comprehensively. Results The platform has been used in computer game controlling and good score is given by the tryout person. Conclusion Large quantities of experiment data indicate that this platform possesses higher precision in human body movement information collection and reflect them truthfully. Furthermore, later developments based on this can be applied in fields such as human recovery exercises, physical training, game controlling.

Objective To observe the transfection efficiency of transferring plasmids pEGFP-N1 and pIRE-EGFP encoding enhanced green fluorescent protein(EGFP) to rabbit corneal endothelial cells(RCECs) by cationic polymer and the change of cell activity by detecting the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase.Methods RCEC was cultured by digestion and identification by neurone specific enolase(NSE) stain.Sofast TM mediated plasmid pEGFP-N1 and pIRE-EGFP to transfect RCECs and we compared the transfection efficiency at different time and in different groups by calculating the number of fluorescent cells.We observed the activity change of transfection and non-transfection RCEC by detecting the activity of Na+-K+-ATPase.Results After pEGFP-N1 and pIRE-EGFP transfected RCEC with Sofast TM by different ratio,RCEC expressed EGFP in 24-48 h.After transfection 48 h the group of SofastTM∶pEGFP-N1=3.2∶1 had the max transfection efficiency 3.6% and the max transfection efficiency of group SofastTM∶pIRE-EGFP =3.2∶1 was 3.5%,at 24 h after transfection.There were no obvious differences between the transfection and non-transfection groups of cell number and activity of Na+-K+-ATPase.Conclusion Sofast TM can mediate exogenous gene trasfering to RCEC effectively.pEGFP-N1 and pIRE-EGFP are the suitable non-virus vectors for gene transferring to RCECs.