AIM: To observe the inhibitory effects of polypeptide from Buthus martensii venom (PBMV) on human tumor cell lines and the influence of PBMV on cell cycle migration, expression of tumor-suppressor gene p53 and the membrane potential of CNE-2Z cells. METHODS: MTT colorimetric method, the colony formation and mitosis index, flow cytometry assay and intracellular recording with glass microelectrodes were used. RESULTS: PBMV had obvious cytotoxicity on several tumor cell lines. The cells grow was inhibited by PBMV, colony formation rate and mitotic index of tumor cells were reduced and the number of polykaryocyte was decreased. CNE-2Z cells in S phase were reduced evidently after they were treated with PBMV (P

Objective:To develop a novel regulable sutureless aortic arch prosthesis and to apply it in an animal experimental study.Methods:The arch skeleton of the prosthesis was made of tandem Z-shape NiTiNOL wire;the branch skeleton was made of laser-cut NiTiNOL tube;and the whole skeleton was coated with thin ePTFE film.The blood vessel was anastomosed by di- rect ligature,needing no manual suturing.The prosthesis was applied in swine aortic arch operations under the bypass condi- tion.The practicality for surgery and the feasibility of anastomosis of the prosthesis were assessed.Results:Aortic arch opera- tions were successfully performed in 6 of the 8 experimental animals.The prostheses were easy to use,and the mean bypass time was only 10 min.The blood loss of the anastomoses was less than 100 ml within 8 h postoperatively in 5 animals;one had more blood loss due to prosthesis mismatch.Conclusion:The novel regulable sutureless aortic arch prosthesis has satisfactory practicality for surgery and reliable anastomosis,making it promising in future clinical application.

Objective To study the immunologic mechanism of electroacupuncture at Sanyin points on chronic abacterial prostatitis rats. Methods Forty-eight male rats were divided randomly into normal group, model group, drug group and electroacupuncture group, 12 rats in each group. The animal model was made by SC purified prostate protein twice with immunologic adjuvant, and the rats in electroacupuncture group and drug group were treated by electroacupuncture at Sanyin points and feeding Cernilton for 15 days. The changes of prostate weight, index, pathology and contents of IgG, expressions of IL-2 and IL-8 in prostate homogenate were observed. Results Compared with normal group, the prostate weight and index were significantly increased in model group (P<0.05), the content of IgG was significantly increased (P<0.05), cytokine IL-2 and IL-8 were highly expressed (P<0.05, P<0.01), prostate tissue’s morphology and structure were significantly impaired in model group. Compared with model group, the prostate weight and index were significantly decreased in electroacupuncture group after treatment (P<0.05 or P<0.01), pathological changes reduced significantly, the content of IgG decreased significantly (P<0.05), the expressions of cytokine IL-2 and IL-8 were significantly decreased (P<0.05, P<0.01), and the pathological manifestation of chronic inflammation was significantly improved. Conclusion Electroacupuncture at Sanyin points can reduce the secretion of local prostate antibody IgG, regulate the expression of cytokine IL-2 and IL-8, protect the morphology and structure of prostate tissue from damage. Electroacupuncture at Sanyin points can adjust local immunologic function and promote the recovery of prostate.

Objective To investigate the correlation of single nucleotide polymorphism of rs3731055 and rs2607775 of xeroderma pigmentosum group C (XPC) and smoking with genetic susceptibility to pancreatic cancer.Methods The clinical data of 214 patients with pancreatic cancer who were admitted to the First and Third Affiliated Hospitals of Xinjiang Medical University from January 2009 to June 2011 and 214 healthly individuals were retrospectively analyzed.The samples of venous blood of 214 patients with pancreatic cancer (case group) and 214 healthy individuals (control group) were analyzed by the Multiplex SNaPshot method.The count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.The association between the single nucleotide polymorphism of rs3731055 and rs2607775 with genetic susceptibility to pancreatic cancer was analyzed using the Logistic regression method.Results Four hundred and twenty-three samples of gene were successfully typed,including 210 in the case group and 213 in the control group.The frequency of G allele of XPC rs3731055 was 75.95％ (319/420) in the case group and 77.00％ (328/426) in the control group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.12,P ＞ 0.05).The frequencies of genotypes GG,GA and AA were 58.57％ (123/210),34.76％ (73/210) and 6.67％ (14/210) in the case group,and 60.09％ (128/213),33.80％ (72/213) and 6.10％ (13/213) in the control group,with no significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=0.12,P ＞ 0.05).The frequency of C allele of XPC rs2607775 was 87.86％ (369/420) in the case group and 93.43％ (398/426) in the control group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=7.75,P ＜ 0.05).The frequencies of genotypes CC,CG and GG were 77.62％ (163/210),20.48％ (43/210) and 1.90％ (4/210) in the case group,and 86.85％ (185/213),13.15％ (28/213) and 0(0/213) in the control group,with significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=8.54,P ＜ 0.05).Patients with rs2607775 GC genotype were associated with a significantly increased risk of pancreatic cancer compared with patients with rs2607775 CC genotype (adjusted OR =1.81,95％ CI:1.06-3.10,P ＜ 0.05).Patients with rs2607775 GC + GG genotype were associated with a significantly increased risk of pancreatic cancer compared with patients with rs2607775 CC (adjusted OR =1.98,95％ CI:1.16-3.36,P ＜ 0.05).The ratio of patients in the case group who smoked cigarettes ≥ 17 pack years was 25.24％ (53/210),which was significantly higher than 13.15 ％ (28/213) of the control group (x2 =11.37,P ＜ 0.05).The results of univariate analysis showed that patients who smoked cigarettes ≥ 17 pack years had higher risk of getting pancreatic cancer (adjusted OR =2.82,95％ CI:1.27-6.29,P ＜ 0.05).Patients who smoked cigarettes ≥ 17 pack years and with rs2607775 CC also had higher risk of getting pancreatic cancer (adjusted OR =2.87,95％ CI:1.18-6.99,P ＜0.05).No significant gene-environment interaction was observed between rs2607775 GC + GG and smoking ≥ 17 pack years (adjusted OR =3.65,95％ CI:0.67-20.03,P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions The polymorphisms of XPC rs2607775 may play a role in the onset of pancreatic cancer.Patients who smoke cigarettes ≥ 17 pack years are more easily to have pancreatic cancer.There is no interaction between smoking and XPC rs2607775 in influencing the progression of pancreatic cancer.

Objective To systematically review the clinical efficacy of transanastomotic pancreatic ductal stents placement after pancreaticoduodenectomy.Methods According to the Cochrane reviewers handbook (version 5.0 ),literatures were retrived from PubMed,Embase,Cochrane,VIP database,China Biology Medicine disc and CNKI database,and then the quality of the literatures was analyzed.Meta analysis was carried out using the RevMan software ( version 5.0.18 ).A random effects model was adopted,and the results of the meta analysis were presented with odds ratio (OR) and 95％ confidence interval (95％ CI).Results Four randomized controlled trials including 557 patients were retrieved.External stents were used in 160 patients and internal stents in 115 patients.The results of meta analysis showed no significant difference in the rate of fistula,overall postoperative morbidity and mortality between patients who did or did not receive pancreatic stents placement (OR =0.66,0.70,0.63,P ＞ 0.05 ).There were significant differences in the rate of pancreatic fistula and overall postoperative morbidity between patients who received external pancreatic stents placement and those did not receive pancreatic stents placement ( OR =0.48,0.55,P ＜ 0.05 ).There was no significant difference in the mortality rate between patients who received external pancreatic stents placement and those did not receive pancreatic stents placement (OR =0.71,P ＞ 0.05 ).There were no significant difference in the incidence of pancreatic fistula,overall postoperative morbility and mortality between patients who received internal pancreatic stents placement and those did not receive pancreatic stents placement ( x2 =0,0.75,2.11,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions External pancreatic stents placement after pancreaticoduodenectomy can reduce the incidence of postoperative complications.The effects of internal pancreatic stents placement need to be proved by further highquality prospective randomized trials.

Coxsackievirns A16(CVA16),together with enterovirus type 71(EV71),is responsible for most cases of hand,foot and mouth disease(HFMD) worldwide.Recent findings suggest that the recombination between CVA16 and EV71,and the co-circulation of these two viruses may have contributed to the increase of HFMD cases in China over the past few years.It is therefore important to further understand the virology,epidemlology,virus-host interactions and host pathogeuesis of CVA16.In this study,we describe the viral kinetics of CVAI6 in human rhabdomyosarcoma(RD) cells by analyzing the cytopathic effect(CPE),viral RNA replication,viral protein expression,viral RNA package and viral particle secretion in RD cells.We show that CVA16 appears to first attach,uncoat and enter into the host cell after adsorption for 1 h.Later on,CVA16 undergoes rapid replication from 3 to 6 h at MOI 1 and until 9 h at MOI 0.1.At MOI 0.1,CVA16 initiates a secondary infection as the virions were secreted before 9 h p.i.CPE was observed after 12 h p.i.,and viral antigen was first detected at 6 h p.i.at MOI 1 and at 9 h p.i.at MOI 0.1.Thus,our study provides important information for further investigation of CVA16 in order to better understand and ultimately control infections with this virus.

The role of hydrogen sulfide (H2S) in portal hypertension (PH)-induced esophagus-gastric junction vascular lesions in rabbits was observed.The rabbit PH models were established.The animals were randomly divided into the following groups:normal,PH,PH+sodium hydrosulfide (PH+S),PH+propargylglycine (PH+PPG).The plasma H2S levels,apoptosis of esophageal-gastric junction vascular smooth muscle cells,and the expression of nuclear transcription factor-κB (NF-κB),p-AKT,Iκ Ba and Bcl-2 were detected.The cystathionine γ lyase (cystathionine-gamma-splitting enzyme,CSE) in the junction vascular tissue was measured.The results showed that the plasma H2S levels and the CSE expression levels had statistically significant difference among different groups (P＜0.05).As compared with PH group,plasma H2S levels were declined obviously (11.9±4.2 vs.20.6±4.5,P＜0.05),and CSE expression levels in the junction vascular tissue were notably reduced (1.7±0.6 vs.2.8±0.8,P＜0.05),apoptosis rate of vascular smooth muscle cells per unit area was significantly decreased (0.10±0.15 vs.0.24±0.07,P＜0.05),and the expression levels of p-AKT and NF-κB were significantly decreased (2.31±0.33 vs.3.04±0.38,P＜0.05;0.33±0.17 vs.0.51±0.23,P＜0.05),however,Iκ Ba and Bcl-2 expression increased obviously (5.57±0.17 vs.3.67±0.13,P＜0.05;0.79±0.29 vs.0.44±0.36,P＜0.05) in PH+PPG group.As compared with PH group,H2S levels were notably increased (32.7±7.3 vs.20.6±4.5,P＜0.05),the CSE levels in the junction vascular tissue were significantly increased (6.3±0.7 vs.2.8±0.8,P＜0.05),apoptosis rate of vascular smooth muscle cells per unit area was significantly increased (0.35±0.14 vs.0.24±0.07,P＜0.05),and the expression levels of p-AKT and NF-κB were significantly increased (4.29±0.49 vs.3.04±0.38,P＜0.05;0.77±0.27 vs.0.51±0.23,P＜0.05),yet Iκ Ba and Bcl-2 expression decreased significantly (3.23±0.24 vs.3.67±0.13,P＜0.05;0.31±0.23 vs.0.48±0.34,P＜0.05) in PH+S group.It is concluded that esophagus-gastric junction vascular lesions happen under PH,and apoptosis of smooth muscle cells is declined.H2S can activate NF-κB by the p-AKT pathway,leading to the down-regulation of Bcl-2,eventually stimulating apoptosis of vascular smooth muscle cells,easing PH.H2S/CSE system may play an important role in remission of PH via the AKT-NF-κB pathway.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between sternum protection and bone marrow suppression in postoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma. Methods Total of 98 postoperative patients with thoracic esophageal carcinoma were randomly divided into experimental group (52 cases) and control group (46 cases). All patients were given intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT), with the dose of 50-50.4 Gy. The patients in experimental group were irradiated by 6 fields (4-fields in front, 2-fields behind) which were crossed to avoid direct exposure to the sternum. The patients in control group were irradiated by 5 fields (3-fields in front, 2-fields behind) with front-middle of the field passing through the sternum. Concurrently all patients received 2 cycles of cisplatin chemotherapy. Results Dmean, V20 and V30 of the sternum in the experimental group were (20.21 ±3.60) Gy, (40.78 ±7.19) % and (33.78 ±9.44) %, which were lower than those in the control group [(30.91±5.21) Gy, (81.01±4.81) %, (51.60±6.84) %], respectively (P<0.05). However, the volume and dose distribution of lung, spinal cord and heart were similar between the two groups (P> 0.05). Both the incidence rates of bone marrow suppression at 14th day and 35th day after radiotherapy were significantly higher in the control group (52.2%, 73.9%) than those in the experimental group (28.8 %, 50.0 %) (P< 0.05), and the incidence rate of bone marrow suppression at 7th day after radiotherapy was similar between the two groups. Conclusion Protecting and sketching for sternum in postoperative radiotherapy for esophageal carcinoma can reduce the incidence of bone marrow suppression effectively, which would not increase the radiation dose in the lung, heart and spinal cord.

Objective:To determine the derivative chromosome 9 by the method of detecting the ASS gene,and to explore the relationship between the deletion of derivative chromosome 9 and the efficacy and prognosis of the chronic myeloid leukemia (CML)patients. Methods:The materials of 34 CML patients with positive BCR-ABL fusion gene whose ASS genes were detected were retrospectively analyzed. All patients were treated with Extra-signal (ES)probe to detect the derivative chromosome 9.All patients were divided into two groups according to whether they carried the derivative chromosome 9.The blastic phase or the accelerated phase rates in two groups were compared by using Fisher exact probability. Results:All patients were detected by FISH (BCR-ABL ES probe),and all the BCR-ABL fusion signals were positive.6 of 34 patients were found the deletion of ASS gene, among them 1 case blonged to chronic phase,and 5 cases developed into blastic phase or accelerated phase. In the patients without ASS gene deletion,there were 22 cases in chronic phase,and 6 cases in plastic phase or accelerate phase,there was significant difference of blastic phase rate/accelated phase rate between them (P<0.05).A total of 26 patients were treated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI).5 of 26 patients belonged to the ASS gene deletion group,1 of 5 patients treated with TKI got molecular remission,4 of 5 patients developed into blastic phase or accelerated phase.21 of 26 patients belonged to the group without ASS gene deletion,and among them,19 cases got molecular remission,2 cases developed into plastic phase or accelerated phase after treatment of TKI,there was significant difference between them (P < 0.05 ). 6 patients were treated with traditional chemotherapy (hydroxyurea,interferon);1 of 6 patients belonged to the ASS gene deletion group,finally developed into the blastic phase or accelerated phase;5 of 6 patients belonged to the group without ASS gene deletion,2 cases got the hematological remission,and 3 patients developed into blastic phase or accelerated phase after treatment,and there was no significant difference of blastic phase rate/ accelerated phase rate between them (P > 0.05 ). Conclusion:The CML patients with derivative chromosome 9 (ASS gene deletion)prone to get disease progression, and have a higher proportion in the blastic phase or accelerated phase patients.Derivative chromosome 9 is related to the bad treatment efficacy of TKI and the poor prognosis of CML.

Objective Gambogic acid ( GA) can suppress the growth of multiple tumor cells , including gastric carcinoma , hepatoma , hematologic neoplasms and breast carcinoma , but there have been few reports about its effect on urologic neoplasms .This study was to investigate the possible mechanisms of GA inducing bladder cancer cell apoptosis and cell cycle arrest . Methods We cultured human bladder cancer BIU8-7 cell lines in vitor and treated the cells in the logarithmic growth phase with isotonic saline solu-tion (negative control)or GA at the concentrations of 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0μmol/L, respectively.We determined the expression of the Caspase-3 protein in the tumor tissue using the immunohistochemical S-P method and detected GA-induced apoptosis of the bladder cancer cells and cell cycle changes by flow cytometry . Results The expressions of the Caspase-3 protein were 4.28 ±1.86, 5.03 ± 0.78, and 6.47 ±1.31 in the 1.0, 2.0, and 3.0μmol/L GA groups, respectively, significantly higher than 2.13 ±1.27 in the nega-tive control (P<0.05).Flow cytometry showed a gradual decrease of the cells in the G 0/G1 phase and a gradual increase in the G2/M phase , but no obvious change in the S phase . Conclusion Gambogic acid can promote the apoptosis , arrest the cell cycle , and in-hibit the proliferation of bladder cancer cells by increasing the expression of the Caspase -3 protein.