Primary mediastinal large B-cell lymphoma (PMBCL) has specific phenotypical features, pathological features and clinical presentation.PMBCL patients are predominantly female and typically present early stage disease and mediastinal involvement.Due to the lack of randomized studies, most patients with PMBCL usually receive combination chemotherapy with consolidation IF-RT.Considering IF-RT can improve the complete remission rates and recurrence-free survival, the combined therapy achieved good results.The different chemotherapeutic regimens were used in clinical practice of different institutions and clinicians, including CHOP or CHOP-like, intensive chemotherapy or the third-generation regimens.Recent studies have showed promising outcomes when rituximab is added to doxorubicin-containing chemotherapy.Patients treated with R-CHOP with radiotherapy had significantly better local control rates compared with R-CHOP without radiotherapy, especially for bulky diseases.Intensity-modulated radiation therapy offers excellent target coverage, favorable outcome and minimal toxicity in PMBCL.Although the majority of patients with PMBCL receive radiotherapy following chemotherapy, few studies have specifically addressed the role of consolidation radiotherapy for the treatment of PMBCL.The prognostic importance of rituximab and radiotherapy has not been clearly defined in patients with PMBCL.Heterogeneous treatment options and small number of patients have made it difficult to draw definitive conclusions about the potential advantages of rituximab and radiotherapy in patients with PMBCL.

In this paper, industry development and market tendency, supervision and standardization of nanomaterial-contained medical devices are overviewed comprehensively based on a large number of reference data including national and international information. Furthermore, the consideration about standardization of biological evaluation for nanomaterial-contained medical devices is discussed by combined some works performed in our laboratory.
Device Approval ; Equipment and Supplies ; standards ; Nanostructures ; standards

Objective The goal of this work is to evaluate the dosimetric characteristics of a new 2D diode array (Mapcheck from Sun Nuclear Corporation,Melbourne,Florida) and assess the role it can play in routine IMRT QA. Methods Fundamental properties of the Mapcheck such as reproducibility and linearity were studied for high-energy photon beams. Clinical performance of the MapCheck for relative and absolute dosimetry was demonstrated with head and neck IMRT plans,and compared with plan dose distribution. Absolute dose measured by Ion chamber and Mapcheck are compared with the one given in TPS. Results The Mapcheck offers the dosimetric characteristics required for performing both relative and absolute dose measurements. Conclusion Mapcheck can provide the verification of absolute dose and relative dose. Its use in the clinic can simplify and reduce the IMRT QA workload.

There has been great interest in NiTi alloy in medical domain si nc e Buehler found its memory effect in 1963. In the recent 30 years, a lot of basi c and clinical researches of the alloy have been reported in the world. From the biomechanical viewpoint, the ossification and resorption of bone are related to the stress. Different stresses are required in the different kinds of fracture healing. Many measurements have been used to test the biomechanical properties o f the Nitinol orthopedic instruments. The clinical applications of the instrumen ts in hand surgery started in China in 1980's and resulted in satisfactory outco mes. This article summarizes the progress made in the basic researches of the ni tinol orthopedic instruments and their clinical applications in hand surgery.

Heart rate variability(HRV)analysis and its circadian rhythm(CR)were determined in 58patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with lower extremity neuropathy(diabetic neuropathy group), 59 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus without lower extremity neuropathy(diabetes group), and 50 healthy controls according to 24-hour Holter recording. Frequency domain parameters of HRV were significantly decreased in both diabetes groups. Frequency domain parameter of HRV in healthy controls,and daytime/nighttime difference were statistically significant. CR of HRV was changed in diabetes group and disappeared in diabetic neuropathy group. Impaired and seriously impaired autonomic nervous function developed in type 2 diabetes mellitus without and with lower extremity neuropathy respectively.

Objective To study variations of plasma sE-selectin and sICAM-1 level of type 2 diabetes(T2DM) patients complicated with lower limb vascular disease,and contribution of these molecules to the formation of the lower limb vascular disease. Methods Plasma sE-selectin and sICAM-1 of 51 type 2 diabetic patients and 20 age & sex matched non-diabetes people(control group) were determined with ELISA.16 T2DM patients without lower limb vascular disease and 17 age & sex matched T2DM complicated with lower limb vascular disease were selected from the patients group,as group 1 and group 2 respectively,and 17 age and sex matched non-diabetic individuals were selected from control group as group 3.sE-selectin and sICAM-1 level were contrasted among the three groups. Results Levels of FPG,2 h PG,HOMA-IR,sE-selectin and sICAM-1 of diabetic group were significantly elevated than those of the control group(P0.05).FPG and 2 h PG in group 1 and group 2 were markedly higher than that in group 3(P

Hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy is capable to deliver much higher doses to the cancer than is possible with standard techniques. Recently there is data suggesting that the early stage nonsmall cell lung cancer ( NSCLC) which is not suitable to surgery is likely to benefit from this regimen, with low lung toxicity. Manyphase Ⅰ-Ⅱ studies showed that the patients with locally advanced NSCLC are well-tolerated to hypofractionated conformal radiotherapy. The model of radio-physic and relative clinical studies suggest that hy-pofractionation would not increase the risk of radiation pneumonitis compared to standard therapy.

Objective To compare and analyze DMLC(Sliding Window,SW)and SMLC(Step and Shoot,SS)for delivering IMRT.Methods 5 patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma were treated with radical intensity modulated radiation therapy using Varian 23EX and Helios tool on a Varian Eclipse system.Different modalities to deliver IMRT were considered for Sliding Window(SW) and Step and Shoot(SS) techniques using a different number of intensity levels(e.g.5,10 and 20).The total beam-on-time,total delivery time and a number of dose-volume parameters regarding PTV and OARs were considered.Results Comparing with the DVH,it was found that SW was the best of the four modalities in the dose distribution of PTV,but SS was better when considering the protection of OARs.The total beam-on-time(MUs) requirement for SS was 9～23% less than SW,but the total delivery time(in minutes)was about twice as long.Conclusion With the number of intensity level of 10 or more,no differences between SS and SW can be appreciated in the dose distribution of PTV and OARs sparing.Referring to the quality assurance,only leaf position needed to be checked in SS,whereas both leaf position and leaf speed need to be checked in SW,so it is proposed to use SS10 for delivering IMRT.

[Objective] To observe the curative effect of integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and western medicine on the disease of cystic hyperplasia of breast.[Method] The 214 cystic hyperplasia of breast cases were randomly divided into two groups.125 cases in the integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and western medicine group(observed group).Control group(89 cases)were treated in common practiced western medicine.[Result]In observed group,70 cases fully recovered from illness,40 cases were excellent,6 cases were effective,9case were ineffective.Total effective rate was 92.8%.In control group,27 cases were fully recovered from illness,22 cases were excellent,20 cases were effective,9 cases were ineffective.Total effective rate was 77.4%.The differences between two groups were significant(P

Objective To investigate the causes and prevetion of urethral stricture after transurethral resection of the prostate(TURP). Methods A retrospective analysis was carried out in 945 cases,who were treated by TURP in our hospital during February 2002-February 2008.Among the cases,21 patients(aged 62 to 84 years with a mean of 72.4 years) developed urethral stricture in 3 weeks to 24 months after the operation.In the cases,anterior urethral stricture was detected in 13 patients(61.9%),posterior urethral stricture was found in 5(23.8%),and bladder neck contracture was diagnosed in 3(14.3%).Results The pateints were cured by simple urethral dilation(13,61.9%),urethroplasty(2,9.5%),urethroplasty plus urethral dilation(2,9.5%),transurethral resection(1,4.8%),or electroresection of the bladder neck(3,14.3%).The patients were followed up for 6 to 36 months(mean,13 months),during which,all the 21 cases recovered without recurrence.The rate of urethral stricture after TURP was 3.7%(18/483) during February 2002 to August 2005,which was significantly higher than that between September 2005 and February 2008(0.6%,3/462;?2=10.292,P=0.001).Conclusions Unskilled operation and short indwelling time of urethral catheter after the surgery are the major reasons for urethral stricture after TURP.Regular follow-up and early treatment are the keys to cure of the disease.