OBJECTIVE:To determine the contents of fleroxacin and tinidazole in compound fleroxacin suppository METH_ODS:RP-HPLC was used,the detecting conditions:ODS-C18 column;mobile phase,0 05mol/L lemon acid-acetonitrile(65∶35),was modulated to pH=4 0 with triethylamine;flow rate 0 8ml/min;external standard method;detective wavelength 300nm RESULTS:Linear ranges were 9 92～79 36?g/ml(for fleroxacin) 20 32～162 56?g/ml(for tinidazole) respectively wh_ere the peak areas were correlative with the concentrations,r=0 9 974 and 0 9 995 The average recoveries were 101 6% and 100 1% and RSDs was 1 4% and 1 2% respectively CONCLUSION:This detecting method is simple,rapid,accurate and suitable for determination of the contents of this preparation

Objective To describe surgical nurses' learning motivation of attending continuing nursing education (CNE) and to analyze influencing factors of learning motivation.All of these would be reference for managers of hospitals and administrative department to improve the quality of CNE and make related policy.Methods 140 surgical nurses from one general hospital were recruited to fill a questionnaire of demographic data of participants and revised Education Participation Scale (EPS).Results The score of EPS of surgical nurses was (89.26±13.67),the first dimension was professional advancement,followed by serving society,learning interest,social relation,external expectations and escape/stimulation.The score of EPS of nurses who were younger than 35 years old,single,no administrative posts was higher than nurses who were older than 35 years old,married or in administrative position.Education level,working life,professional ritle,financial resources and numbers participating in CNE in recent 1 year made some differences for EPS score.Conclusions The score of EPS of surgical nurses was at middle level,factors affecting EPS were different.The managers should take interventions to improve the motivation of attending CNE according to nurses' characters in order to increase the professional level and nursing quality of nurses.

Objective To analysis the flash electroretinogram (FERG) of diabeic retionpatby patients. Method 90 cases of DR patients were selected. According to the partial signs and the overall symptoms, the patients can be divided into three syndromes - dry heat by yin deficiency, deficiency of both qi and yin, deficiency of yin and yang. FERG were detected. Result There was close relation between the occurrence and development of DR and the evolution of the syndrome from yin deficiency to yang involved by deficient yin. Retina actional potential will change along with the change of syndrome. Conclusion The retina actional potential which recorded by FERG can be used as an objective criterion of syndrome differentiation, thus we can establish a diagnosis and treatment system of DR.

Aim To explore effects of acidic fibroblast growth factor(aFGF)on the growth of renal tubular epithelial cells cultured in vitro. Methods Renal tubular epithelial cells in rats were gained through digestion by pamcreatin. aFGF was added into cultures of renal tubular epithelial cells, as experimental groups. The number of cells was counted and the shape of cells was observed at 12,24,48 and 72 h. Results Renal tubular epithelial cells were successfully obtained from kidneys. After treated for 72 h,the renal tubular epithelial cells showed different proliferation in experimental and control groups. There was no obvious difference at 12 h, but there was statistical difference between the two groups at 24 h,48h and 72 h(P

Objective To investigate the effect of galectin-3 (Gal-3) on the pathogenesis of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC).Methods The clinic data of 72 PBC patients at different stages were analyzed and the serum levels of Gal-3 were detected in 72 PBC patients and 20 controls by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Independent t-test,variance analysis,LSD-t and Pearson correlation analysis were adopted for data analysis.Results The serum Gal-3 levels were significantly higher in PBC patients than those of healthy controls [(855±634) pg/ml,(463±446) pg/ml,P＜0.05].With the progression of disease,the levels of Gal-3,platelets,hemoglobin,albumin,IgM and complement C3 gradually declined,but the level of total bilirubin gradually elevated(P＜0.05).There was positive correlation between Gal-3 and immunoglobin IgM,complement C3 levels (r=0.330,P=0.005; r=0.357,P=0.002).There was negative correlation between Gal-3 and total bilirubin levels (r=0.350,P=0.003).Conclusion The Gal-3 can participate in the immune-mediated inflammation of PBC and the formation of liver fibrosis.The levels of Gal-3,platelet count,hemoglobin,albumin,IgM,complement C3 and total bilirubin could be regarded as laboratory parameters for the evaluation of the disease severity and prognosis.

Objective To observe the efficacy of monosialotetrahexosy lganglioside (GM1) in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Methods Sixty patients with VCI were randomly divided into either a treatment group or a control group. The patients in the control group received conventional treatment and those in the treatment control group were treated with conventional treatment plus continuous intravenous infusion of GM1 (80 mg/d) for 2 weeks. The efficacy was evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) before and after the treatment, and the safety of the treatment was observed. Results After 2 weeks of treatment, the MoCA scores were significantly higher than those before treatment in both groups (all P ＜ 0. 05). The MoCA scores of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group (20. 82 ± 1. 96 vs. 19. 61 ±2. 02, t =2. 315, P =0. 023). No obvious adverse reactions were found. Conclusions The efficacy of GM1 is positive in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment, and there is no obvious adverse reactions. It is worthy of using widely in clinical practice.

Apoptosis of cancer cells between the gastric and intestinal-type human gastric carcinoma were compared in terms of the expression of oncogene MDM2 and CD68, the histological types, the infiltration depth, and lymph node metastasis. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay was employed to stain apoptotic cells. Histochemical method(AB-PAS) was applied to stain mucus that is neutral or acidic in nature. Immunohistochemical method (SABC) was used to detect expression of MDM2 and CD6. The results showed that the mean apoptosis index (AI) of total 48 cases was 8.60+/-2.60. AI in the 30 intestinal type cases was significantly higher than that in the 18 gastric type cases (t=4.67, P<0.01). In the 30 intestinal type cases, the spontaneous apoptosis index of MDM2 negative cases was significantly higher than that of the positive cases (t=7.16, P<0.01). And in the 18 gastric type cases, the same result was found. (t=11.39, P<0.01). The MDM2 positive ratio in gastric type cases was higher than that in intestinal type cases (chi2=4.68, P<0.05). There is no significant difference in AI between cases of lymph node metastasis and non-metastasis cases in intestinal type cases (t=0.26, P>0.05). But in the gastric type cases, a significant difference existed (t=5.87, P<0.01). A significant difference in lymph node metastasis ratio was found between the two gastric carcinoma types (chi2=4.48, P<0.05). The CD68 expression ratio in the 30 intestinal type cases was much lower than that in the 18 gastric type cases (t=4.29, P<0.01). AI of 25 MDM2-positive cases was much lower than that of the 23 MDM2-negative cases (t=7.80, P<0.01). CD68 positive ratio in the 25 MDM2-negative cases was much lower than that in the 23 negative cases. The difference was statistically significant (t=10.90, P<0.01). Except for few cells scattering within the cancer nest, most CD68 positive cells infiltrated in the interstitium around the cancer tissue. In the high-AI cases, CD68-positive cells increased. And the CD68-positive cells decreased in low-AI cases (r=0.96, P<0.01). Logistic regression analysis suggested that among the control variables, only AI was a statistically significant factor in the regression model (chi2=9.64, P<0.01). We concluded that (1) the spontaneous apoptosis index in gastric-type cases of gastric carcinoma was significantly lower than that in intestinal type cases; (2) AI in the two types was influenced by the expression of MDM2 and lymph node metastasis, but no visible connection was found between AI and the infiltration depth or histological types; (3) in the intestinal type cases, AI and the CD68-positive cells increased in MDM2-negative cases.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of arthroscopic debridement combined with oral use of Chinese medicine Guanjietong Tablets ( GT) for knee osteoarthritis in the early and middle stage. Methods Ninety knee osteoarthritis patients in the early and middle stage were evenly randomized into three groups, namely GT group, glucosamine sulfate group and blank control group. All of the three groups received arthroscopic debridement, and additionally, GT group and glucosamine sulfate group were given the corresponding medicine orally. We observed Lysholm knee scores of the three groups before operation, and 2 weeks, 3 months and one year after operation, and compared the knee joint space before operation and one year after operation showed by digital X-ray photograpy. Results ( 1) Lysholm knee scores in the three groups were increased 2 weeks, 3 months and one year after operation when compared with those before operation, the difference being significant (P<0.05) . Three months and one year after operation, the scores of GT group and glucosamine sulfate group differed from those of the blank control group (P<0.01). One year after operation, the scores of GT group differed from those of glucosamine sulfate group ( P<0.05). ( 2) The results of knee joint space showed by digital X-ray photography at knee position of weight loading indicated that the difference was insignificant between GT group and glucosamine sulfate group one year after operation ( P> 0.05) , but the difference between the two groups and the blank control group was significant (P<0.05). The difference of knee joint space was insignificant before operation and one year after operation in GT group and glucosamine sulfate group ( P>0.05) , while was significant in the blank control group ( P<0.05). Conclusion Arthroscopic debridement alone has certain short-term curative effect in treating knee osteoarthritis in the early and middle stage, but the effect will decline with the extension of time. Arthroscopic debridement combined with Guanjietong Tablets could delay the narrowing of joint space and maintain the clinical curative effect, which will delay the time for artificial joint replacement.

Objective To investigate the pattern of antihypertensive medication prescribing in outpatients from the Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, and analyze the shortcoming and deficiency compared with 2010 Chinese guidelines for the management of hypertension. Methods A total of 154 262 electronic prescribing for outpatients with hy-pertension, from January-December 2012 in a Grade 3A hospital in Tianjin, were enrolled in this retrospective survey. Data of commonly used antihypertensive medication and combination therapy in patients were analyzed. The patient data collected were divided into different groups according to age, gender, high blood pressure level and the onset of the season. Results (1)The list of the drugs commonly used for treating hypertension in outpatients were calcium antagonist (52.3%), angiotensin receptor blockers (34.0%),βblockers (25.9%), angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (12.1%), fixed-dose combination (11.0%) and diuretics (1.4%).(2)The fewer combination therapy was found in outpatients than that of monotherapy (43.9%vs 56.1%). Some prescriptions were not routinely recommended by the Guideline (4.6%).(3)The combination therapy used in patients with stage 3 hypertension was higher than that of patients with stage 1or stage 2 hypertension (44.5%vs 37.7%vs 37.7%, P<0.01). The rate of combination therapy was significantly higher in cardiology department than that of other clini-cal departments (P<0.01). The combination therapy tended to be used in the elderly patients than that of non-elderly pa-tients (P<0.01). The number of prescriptions was lower in summer than that of other seasons,but the rate of combination therapy was higher in summer than that of spring, autumn and winter (P<0.01). Conclusion The prescriptions of combina-tion therapy and diuretic were inadequate in outpatients with hypertension. These findings indicate the difference between clinical prescription and the guideline for the management of hypertension.

Objective To explore the effect of problem-based 1earning (PBL) combined with PICO model in clinical nursing internship teaching.Methods A retrospective case-control study was adopted,133 undergraduate nursing students in grade 2010 were selected as theexperimental group,and 128 undergraduate nursing students in grade 2009 were selected as the control group.The students in the experimental group received a teaching method which combined PBL with PICO model,while the students in the control group received traditional teaching methods.The two groups were evaluated by Objective Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) and questionnaire survey.Results The OSCE grade and evaluation of teaching method in the experimental group students were higher than the control group,the difference was statistically significant.Conclusions PBL combined with PICO model teaching methods are not only beneficial to cultivate and improve the clinical nursing competency and comprehensive qualities of the nursing students,but also let the students gradually learn and permeate the ideas of any decision made by clinician should be based on the scientific research results,which from the main thought of the evidence-based practice.It can lay a good foundation for going to work in the future,and is also worthy of being popularized and applied in clinical internship teaching of undergraduate nursing students.