0.05).CONCLUSION:Moxifloxacin and gatifloxacin were alike for both have confirmed efficacy and safety for AECOPD and can be used as empirical anti-infective medicine.

The LHX3 and LHX4 LIM-homeodomain transcription factors play essential roles in pituitary gland.Nervous system developments play certain roles in some cancers,leukemia,and deafness disease.Mutations in the genes encoding these regulatory proteins are closely associated with combined hormone deficiency diseases in human and animal models,and related to nervous system defect,tumors,leukemia and deafness.Analysis of these diseases and the biochemical properties of the LHX3 and LHX4 protein will facilitate a better understanding of the pathogenesis of these diseases.LHX3 and LHX4 are reviewed in this paper.

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is that cells undergo a switch from epithelial phenotype to mesenchymal phenotype.Recent researches show that EMT can affect the occurrence and development of gastric cancer through a variety of mechanisms and promote the migration and invasion of tumor cells.The process of EMT involves a number of signal transduction pathways,and is related to microRNAs,Helicobacter pylori,transcription factors and so on.EMT is expected to be a novel therapeutic target of gastric cancer.

High mobility group box l protein (HMGB1) is a highly conserved non-histone DNA binding protein,which is widely distributed in eukaryotic cells.HMGB1 is an important proinflammatory cytokine,involving in various pathological and physiological processes,such as inflammation,neurogenesis and angiogenesis.In the early stage of intracerebral hemorrhage,HMGB1 can induce secondary brain injury,such as inflammatory reaction,neuronal necrosis,and brain edema.However,in the late stage of intracerebral hemorrhage,HMGB1 can promote angiogenesis and neurogenesis,and thus improving neurological function.HMGB1 will become a novel therapeutic target for intracerebral hemorrhage in the future.

The artificial urinary sphincter (AUS) has been used for the treatment of various incontinence due to intrinsic sphincter deficiency, and is considered as the gold standard treatment for incontinence after a prostatectomy. The long-term satisfaction rates exceed 80%, but almost a third of patients with AUS require revision surgery within 5 years. This paper reviewed the common complications of AUS implantation and the treatment.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy and tolerance of tolterodine in treating detrusor hyperreflexia in patients with spinal cord injury.Methods50 patients of spinal cord injury patients with detrusor hyperreflexia were involved in this study.The data from voiding diary were evaluated 7 days before and after the patients being treated with tolterodine 2 mg twice daily.ResultsAfter 12 weeks of treatment,the functional bladder volume increased from(114.0±44.3) ml to(207.7±54.9) ml,the mean frequency of micturition decreased from(8.9±2.7) /d to(4.6±2.5) /d,the mean volume of incontinence decreased from(646.7±348.9) ml to(426.6±291.3) ml,the mean frequency of incontinence decreased from(7.8±3.1) /d to(4.8±3.2) /d,which were all statistically different before and after treatment.5 patients felt dry mouth,but they could tolerated it.ConclusionTolterodine is an effective and well tolerable antimuscarinic agent for treating detrusor hyperreflexia after spinal cord injury.

County hospitals occupy an important place in the delivery of community health service as they are the center of technological guidance, the base for training in general medicine, and a coordinator of and participant in the community health service of the county seats. To do a good job of community health service, county hospitals ought to make efforts in the following aspects: restructuring of human resources, cooperation between various community health institutions, diversified training programs for personnel engaged in community health service and doctors at the grass-roots level, transformation of ideological concepts, and updating of knowledge and skills.

Objective To investigate the pharmacodynamics characteristics of continuously infused cisatracurium besylate during total intravenous anesthesia. Methods Sixty ASA Ⅰ - Ⅱ patients undergoing elective oromaxillo-facial region surgeon were randomly divided into 4 groups. 1.0, 2.0, 3.0 μg/ (kg · min ) of cisatracurium besylate was continuously infused differently in group Ⅰ, group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ, and 0.1 mg/kg of cisatracurinm besylate was injured interruptedly into group Ⅳ after anesthesia induction. Neuromuscular function was assessed using an accelerometer with train-of-four (TOF) stimulation, the maximum depression of T1and times to T1 recovered to 25%(the clinic time), 75%, 90%(the vivo time) were noted. The recovery index (time of T1 recovery from 25% to 75%) was also calculated. Results The drug consumptions of cisatracurium besylate in group Ⅰ and group Ⅱ were diminished than those in group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ [(59.1±9.6),(116.7±11.5)μg/kg vs (174.9±23.1), (177.2±20.4) μg/kg](P<0.01), and group Ⅲ and group Ⅳ were nearly (P>0.05 ). The maximum depression of T1, the clinic time and the vivo time in group Ⅰ, Ⅱ,Ⅲ were smaller than those in group Ⅳ [ ( 18.5±3.6)%, (6.4±2.7)%, 0 vs (25.0±0.0)% ] (P < 0.01 ), but there were. No significant differences in recovery index in 4 groups. The maximum depression was diminished (P< 0.01 ) and the clinic time and the vivo time were prolonged (P<0.05) with the inerease of the dosage of cisatracurium besylate in group Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ. Conclusions With no cumulative effect, the duration of recovery of muscle relaxation is shortened and the recovery index of continuously infused eisatracurium besylate is prolonged. It indicates that the cisatracurium besylate is suitable for the continuously infusion for surgeon patients.