Objective To explore the applicability and feasibility of the hierarchical linear model in dealing with the repeated measurement data by applying it into multi-center clinical trials’ evaluation of new Chinese medicine. Methods The theoretical research described the basic concepts and principles of hierarchical linear model and compared the applying conditions of traditional statistical methods with hierarchical linear model. In the empirical study, the hierarchical linear model was used into a real multicenter clinical trial research of traditional Chinese medicine, with the TCM syndrome score as the analysis indicator. Results The hierarchical linear model added time, group and time×group as random variables into the model to get the final result. All of the three variables were significant in the result. The interaction (time×group) statistical result was t=2.65, P=0.008 1. During the whole treatment, the TCM syndrome mean score of trial group reduced 8.5 and the control group reduced 7.47. At the end of treatment, the TCM syndrome mean score of trial group was 2.46, and the control group was 3.31, which was higher than trail group. For this result, combining with the TCM syndrome score’s developing trend, we can see that the efficacy of trial group is not worse than the control group. Conclusion By comparing the data requirements, applying conditions and analysis results, the hierarchical linear model could be an effective method which can be used in multi-center trial to evaluate traditional Chinese drug.

Objective To study the repeat pregnant women′s awareness level of delivery mode knowledge after cesarean section, in order to provide a basis for making effective intervention programs and reduce the cesarean delivery on maternal request rate. Methods Investigated on the knowledge of delivery mode after cesarean section for 330 repeat pregnant women on Maternal and Children Healthy Hospital of Shanxi Province by questionnaire. Results This study investigated 330 repeat pregnant women, recycling effective questionnaire 318, and the recycling effective rate was 96.4%. Different pregnant women with different education level, the number of weeks of gestation, the doctors′recommendations on the delivery had different scores of knowledge of delivery mode after cesarean section. The difference was significant (P < 0.05). The Multi-factor Logistics regression analysis showed that the repeat pregnant women′ s education and the doctors′recommendations on the delivery are associated with the scores of knowledge of delivery mode after cesarean section (P<0.05). The more higher level of their education, and if the doctor had provided the advice of delivery mode to repeat pregnant women before, the more higher scores the repeat pregnant women got. Conclusions The level of the knowledge of delivery mode after cesarean section is low. It′s time to take appropriate health education intervention strategies to reduce the rate of cesarean delivery on maternal request.

Many active measures,such as setting up an interesting group in microorganism laboratory,enhancing students' enthusiasm for study by letting them play the important role to make them have more developing space,are provided so that the students can generate the most creativity and comprehensive ability.The result of the activity shows that the students benefit from the interesting group activity.

Objective To study the effect of thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) on human vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells and to explore the roles of TSH in the development of atherosclerosis.Methods Human vascular endothelial cells and smooth muscle cells were cultured in vitro.MTT method was used to assay the effect of TSH on cell viability.Real-time PCR was used to determine the levels of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS),prostacyclin(PGI2),endothelin-1 (ET-1),plasminagen activator inhibitor(PAI-1) (mRNA) in endothelial cells and the phenotype transition of smooth muscle cells.The effect of TSH to the cycle of smooth muscle cells was detected by using flow cytometry.Immunocytochemistry and Western blot were used to investigate the expression of the cell cyclin A,D1,and the expression of endothelial cell associated factors eNOS and ET-1.Results Compared with the control group,eNOS and PGI2 mRNA levels decreased while ET-1 and PAI-1 mRNA levels increased when different concentrations of TSH were applied to endothelial cells(P＜0.05).The level of eNOS protein was decreased gradually while the level of ET-1 protein was gradually increased(P＜0.05).Different concentrations of TSH applied to smooth muscle cells could promote the transition of cell cycle phase G2 to phase M and increase the expression of cell cyclin A and D1.Conclusion TSH may damage the function of vascular endothelial cells and promote the proliferation of smooth muscle cells.

With the advent of the knowledge economy,hospital management of scientific research work is facing new challenges.At present,administrators in charge of scientific research in most primary hospitals of China do not have the systematic training on knowledge and skills involving research management.Thus,training a master business and familiar with the operation of modern hospital science and technology management of high-quality management personnel is urgent needed.As long as Do a good job on training of the management personnel of scientific research in the primary hospital,can enrich the scientific research management team,do good on the management work of sci ence and technology in the hospital,hospital work to be continuous development of science and technology and enhance.

Two hundred and fifty patients with subclinical hypothyroidism ( SCH) and 120 euthyroid volunteers were recruited for the study, SCH patients were stratified into 2 groups according to TSH levels(group A:TSH<10 mIU/ L; group B: TSH>10 mIU/ L). All subjects were examined for clinical characteristics, thyroid profile, lipid profile, and biomarkers of early atherosclerosis. Patients in group B received L-thyroxine replacement treatment to achieve euthyroidism. After 6 months of stable euthyroidism all measurements were repeated. SCH patients had higher levels of total cholesterol(TC), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C), asymmetric dimethyl arginine (ADMA), carotid artery intima media thickness(CIMT), thromboxane B2(TXB2), and C-reactive protein(CRP) but with lower nitric oxide(NO) level compared with euthyroid subjects. Levels of TC, LDL-C, CIMT, TXB2, and ADMA decreased, and NO level increased significantly after 6 months of euthyroidism. TSH was positively correlated with TC, LDL-C, CIMT, ADMA, and TXB2; and negatively correlated with NO. Based on multivariate regression analysis, TSH was an independent influential factor of CIMT and NO. We conclude that raised TSH is an important risk factor of atherosclerosis in SCH.

Ebola virus (EBOV) causes hemorrhagic fever, resulting in mortality rates as high as 90% among infected humans and non-human primates (NHPs). The 2014 Ebola epidemic in West Africa is the severest in history, leading to WHO taking all control measures to stop any possibility of cross-border outbreaks. Because no licensed vaccines or effective therapeutics against EBOV are available, the current outbreak management has been limited to palliative care and barrier methods to prevent transmission. Several promising experimental EBOV vaccines have demonstrated protection in NHPs against lethal EBOV challenge, and some progresses have been made through clinical trials of EBOV vaccine candidates. It is believed there will be some licensed vaccine available in the near future to control EBOV outbreaks. In this review we provide some insights for further development of EBOV vaccines.
Animals ; Ebola Vaccines ; Ebolavirus ; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola ; prevention & control ; Humans

Aim To investigate the effects of co-administration of L-Arginine (L-Arg) and aspirin (ASA) on platelet aggregation in vitro and gastric damage in vivo. Methods Citrate anti-coagulation venous blood was obtained from rabbits. The blood was centrifuged at 1 100 r?min-1 for 10 min to obtain platelet-rich plasma (PRP). 500 ?l of PRP was poured into a cuvette, and then incubated with various concentrations of L-Arg and a small dose of ASA for 5 min. Platelet aggregation was assayed with Chrono-Log platelet aggregometer by changes in light transmission of platelet suspensions. After co-administration of L-Arg and ASA for 7days to rats, gastric damages were induced by water immersion restraint stress or reserpine. Results Co-administrateion of L-Arg and a small dose of ASA strengthened the inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation. Platelet aggregation rate was 6.6% using 3 mmol?L-1 of L-Arg and small dose of ASA. Platelet aggregation rate was 93.9% using the same concentration of L-Arg alone. 1 g?kg-1 of L-Arg and 0.1 g?kg-1ofASA co-administration for 7 days,significantly reduced gastric damage induced by water immersion restraint stress on Wistar rat. Similar results were observed on other animal experiments with gastric lesions induced by reserpine. The effects of L-Arg on prevention of gastric lesion were almost same as that of famotidine. Conclusion Co-administration of L-Arg and ASA can enhance the inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation and prevent gastric damage.

Objective To construct the pCDNA3.1-ING4 eukaryotic expression vector and investigate its effect on the proliferation of melanoma cell line M14. Methods The targeted cDNA fragment encoding ING4 was cloned by reverse transcription-PCR with normal gastric mucosa from patients with gastric ulcer, and subcloned into eukaryotie expression vector pcDNA3.1. PCR and DNA sequencing were performed to identify the eukaryotic expression vector pCDNA3.1-ING4, which was then transfected into M14 cells with Lipofectamine 2000 reagent. The expression of ING4 was detected in untransfected, pCDNA3. 1-ING4-transfected and pcDNA3.1-transfected M14 cells by Western blot and immunocyto-chemistry, and cell proliferation by MTT assay. Results A fragment of expected size (750 bp) was amplified by PCR analysis, and DNA sequencing confirmed the correctness of the recombinant plasmid. As shown by immunocytochemistry, the percentage of cells positive for ING4 protein was significantly higher in pCD NA3. 1-ING4-transfected MI4 cells than in non-transfected M14 cells and pcDNA3.1-transfected M14 cells (71.80%±9.88% vs 4.20%±3.35%, P < 0.01). Western blot also revealed an increased expression of ING4 in pCDNA3.1-ING4-transfected cells. Decreased cell viability was observed in ING4-transfected cells compared with nontransfected cells and pCDNA3.1-transfected cells (both P < 0.01). Conclusions The pCDNA3. 1-ING4 eukaryotic expression vector has been constructed successfully, and M14 cells transfected by this recombinant plasmid could effectively express ING4 protein, which may inhibit the cell proliferation of M14 cells.

Objective To investigate the pathologic foundation,clinical characteristics and CT features of microscopic polyangiitis(MPA)with lung involvement.Methods Clinical data of 6 patients of MPA with lung involvement in 2003-2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Results The types of lung imaging manifestations as the followings:(1)Mutiple flaky shadow in both lung in 3 cases.(2)Ground-glass shadow in 1 case.(3)Disseminated interstitial lung involvement in 2 cases.The main respiratory symptom was haemoptysis except cough and expectoration.Renal damaging often occurred besides the lung.Six cases with positive antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody(ANCA)and 5 cases with positive P-ANCA/MPO-ANCA were found in laboratory examination.Conclusions The CT manifestations of MPA with lung involvement have no characteristic features.Clinical characteristics and laboratory examination can help to understand and diagnose MPA with lung involvement early.