Objective To investigate the clinical effects of botulinum toxin A ( BTX-A) local injection treatment for hemifacial spasm .Methods Seventeen sites were used to inject BTX-A in 46 patients with hemifacial spasm . Before and after treatment , the grades of facial spasm were evaluated .Clinical efficacy was evaluated based on hemifacial spasm rating 4 weeks after treatment .The recurrence of symptoms in patients given repeated BTX-A injection.Results After BTX-A injection, 15 cases of completely relieved , obviously relieved in 29 cases, partial remission in 2 cases;the efficiency was 95.6%.The onset time was (2.6 ±1.1) d;sustained efficacy was (19.1 ± 2.3)weeks.Injection times was 1 in 5 cases, 2 in 23 cases, 3 in 11 cases and 4 or more in 7 cases.The onset time of repeated injection was(2.61 ±1.03) d, the duration was(19.24 ±2.12) weeks and the efficiency was 100%, They had no significant differences between initial and repeated injection .Six cases occurred local facial mild paralysis, and complete recovery after 2-4 weeks.Conclusion BTX-A local injection for hemifacial spasm is a safe and effective treatment , has no significant adverse reaction;and the effect of repeated injection is not decreased .

Bone marrow cell morphology is an important part of clinical hematology and laboratory and is the key and difficult part of teaching.Microscopic digital interactive system consisting of image processing and analyzing software,voice response software and computer teaching software can realize the picture resources sharing,effective teacher-student interaction and change of evaluation mechanism.The application of this system changed the traditional modes of teaching; motivated students' enthusiasm and greatly improved the quality of practice teaching.

Bone marrow cell morphology is the important part of the course of clinical hema-tology and laboratory and is the difficult and key part in the practice teaching of this course. In order to let students better grasp the basic skills, teachers should flexibly use multiple teaching methods of comparison type, communication type, heuristic type, medical record type and PBL type, which will greatly improve the teaching quality of hematology practice teaching.

0.05). (2) VEGF mRNA, protein and VEGF receptor expression of SKOV3 treated with anti VEGF antibody is down regulated. (3) The VEGF content of SKOV3 in culture medium treated with anti VEGF antibody is lower than that in control ( P

Objective: To observe the effect of home-made blenderized diet on nutritional support in old comatose patients.Methods: Sixty-three old comatose patients were fed with home-made blenderized diet by nosal gastric feeding.Triceps skinfolds were measured every month.The serum levels of albumin,pre-albumin,total number of lymph cells and hemoglobin were analysed every month.Results: No side effects of abdominal pain,dearrhea,nausea and vomiting were observed in the fed patients.The states of nutrition(such as triceps skinfolds,albumin,pre-albumin,total number of lymph cells and hemoglobin) were improved significantly after home-made blenderized diet.Conclusion: The home-made blenderized diet can support the old comatose patients effectively.

Objective To study ultrasonic parameters characteristics of lactation mastitis,breast cancer by using color doppler flow imaging(CDFI)and ultrasonic elastography(UE),and to explore its clinical value.Methods Retrospective analysis was conducted in the clinical data of 85 female patients (a total of 85 breast lesions).All patients were confirmed by pathology,and according to the results of pathology,they were divided into non lactation mastitis group(group NLM,a total of 28 cases),breast cancer group(group Ca,a total of 57 cases).All patients accepted CDFI and UE before treatment,and compared ultrasound parameters between the two groups.Results The proportions of class 0~I(71.43%)and RI<0.7(82.14%)in group NLM were significantly higher than those in group Ca,while the proportions of classⅡ ~Ⅲ(28.57%)and RI≥0.7 (17.86%)were significantly lower than 75.44%,84.21% in group Ca(χ2 =17.185,35.217,all P<0.05).The UE ratings(1.75 ±0.97)and the strain rate ratio (1.64 ±0.83)in NLMgroup were lower than (4.19 ±0.74),(5.03 ±1.08)in group Ca(t=-12.873,-14.623,all P<0.05).The accuracy of CDFI +UE(89.41%)was higher than the accuracy of UE(76.47%)or the accuracy of CDFI(67.06%)(χ2 =12.337,P<0.05).Conclusion CDFI,UE have a certain diagnosis ability for non lactation mastitis and breast cancer,combining both can obtain better diagnostic value,which is worthy of clinical application.

The aim of the present paper intends to explore the international experiences of healthcare profes-sional organizations and its enlightenment for China. The functions of health professional organizations in advanced countries include certification and accreditation, self-discipline, academic exchanges, political participation, service for industry, member rights protection and so on. The legal authorization, comprehensive supervision and competitive market mechanisms which make sure these functions perform well are worth learning for China.

This article is based on a questionnaire survey of healthcare professional organizations and interview leaders of them. The results of this investigation show that the number of staff is small, and lack of highly qualified human resources. The organizations rely on donation for income and some of them run at a deficit. The functions such as professional self-discipline are not well performed. The analysis reveals four reasons why functions are not well per-formed:the bureaucratic style of the professional organizations and unclear legal status;the limited authorization from legal and administrative bodies;the defects in the governance system and the lack of capacity. Four aspects of policy recommendations are were proposed: to clearly define the role of the professional organizations and authorization through legal and administrative procedures; to strengthen support of professional organizations through various poli-cies;to improve governance and build comprehensive regulation mechanisms;to enhance the capacity of these organi-zations and so on.

The characteristics of health care require that health care professional organizations play an impor-tant role in health governance. The role of health care professional organizations in China has not been clearly defined and their functions have not been fully developed. This paper explores the nature, and the functions of health care professional associations in China. Based on the analysis of health governance characteristics in China, the role, and functions of the health care professional organizations in China’s health governance were defined and relevant policy recommendations are were proposed.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the content of Sildenafil citrate illegally added in kidney-yang reinforcing Chinese medicinal tonics. METHODS: The samples were separated on ODS C18(250 mm?4.6 mm,5 ?m) with mobile phase consisted of methanol-water-acetic acid glacial-triethylamine(60∶40∶0.8∶0.3) at a flow rate of 0.8 mL?min-1.The UV detective wavelength was 290 nm and the sample size was 10 ?L. RESULTS: At a concentration range of 10～100 ?g?mL-1, Sildenafil citrate showed a good linear relation with peak area score. The mean recovery rate was 100.52%(RSD=1.20%). CONCLU-SION:The method can be used to determine Sildenafil Citrate illegally added in kidney-yang tonics.