Researchers have long focused on the adaptive behavior,quality of life,dual diagnosis,personality motivation and families of persons with mental retardation,but failed to address virtue and well-being.Unlike even a decade ago,we can now well afford to turn the emphasis to the positive,internal states of those with mental retardation.Using the breakthroughs in positive psychology,these findings such as positive trait or positive experience,can proposes a new research agenda to mental retardation.Mental retardation can play an important role in positive psychology,but it needs the research and data support in future.

Objective The paclitaxel loaded solid lipid nanoparticles (PTX-SLNs) were prepared by an ultrasonic-dispersion emulsification technique. The stability of PTX-SLNs was investigated in this study. Methods The technology was preferenced by stability, Zeta potential, particle diameter, and entrapment efficiency as indexes. The doses of lipid materials and coemulsifier, the ultrasonic time, and the ultrasonic power were investigated in detail. Results The optimum prescriptions were definited by one-factor and orthogonal test. The adjuvant: glyceryl monostearate (100/150 mg), Fabaceous Lecithin (100 mg), coemulsifier Pluronic F68∶Tween 80 (2∶1). The samples were sonicated with an energy output of 300 W in 20 min after emulsified at (75?5) ℃. Conclusion The PTX-SLNs are successfully prepared and PTX-SLNs with high stability are fairly dispersed in colloidal solution. This technology has a nice prospect with safety and reliability.

OBJECTIVE: To observe the protective effects of Corydalis ambailis migo total alkaloids (COAMTA) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats and to investigate its mechanism. METHODS: The effects of COAMTA on decapitated gasping mouse model and rat model of middle cerebral artery ischemia (2 h)/reperfusion (22 h) were observed. The neurological scale, cerebral infarcted volume and cerebral water content subjected to cerebral middle artery ischemia/reperfusion in rats were recorded. The activities of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the ratso brain were measured. Cell apoptosis in ischemic penumbral area was observed with light microscope in the method of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling (TUNEL). RESULTS: The average gasping time of the mice (6.0 mg/kg or 9.0 mg/kg COAMTA) was significantly prolonged, the cerebral infarcted volume and cerebral water content of the rats (5.0 mg/kg or 7.5 mg/kg COAMTA) were significantly decreased, as compared with the control groups. The average activity of SOD in cerebral tissue of the rats (5.0 mg/kg or 7.5 mg/kg COAMTA) was significantly higher than that of the control groups, meanwhile, the average activity of NOS and the content of MDA declined significantly. The cell apoptosis in ischemic penumbral area of the rats (5.0 mg/kg COAMTA) was significantly inhibited as compared with the control groups. CONCLUSION: COAMTA can facilitate the protection against cerebral ischemia/reperfusion damage. The mechanism is related to inhibiting the activity of NOS and lipoperoxidation, increasing the activity of SOD and decreasing the neuronal apoptosis.

OBJECTIVE:To improve hydroscopicity and fluidity of traditional Chinese drug extractum by spray drying and to improve affixes to the wall of the drier during drying for providing reasonable relative humidity of production.METHODS:The compounding of adjuvant and the technology were optimized by orthogonal experiment,and the hydroscopicity and fluidity of powdered extract were investigated.RESULTS:The hydroscopicity of traditional Chinese drug extractum can be greatly decreased by adding 3% gum arabic and 7% ?-CD.The optimum technological conditions were as follows:extractum density of 1.10g? mL-1,temperature of intake airflow of 170℃,atomization pressure of 0.5Mpa,and feed material speed of 400mL? h-1 by orthogonal experiment.The critical relative humidity of the optimum formula was 64%.CONCLUTION:The problems of time consuming and moisture absorption of traditional Chinese drug extractum existed in the traditional old technology can be improved in this new technology.

Objective To investigate the effect of different doses of propofol on cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in rats.Methods Eighty male SD rats weighing 200-250 g,aged 3 months,were randomly divided into 8 groups (n =10 each) ∶ control group (group C),cisplatin 7.5 mg/kg group (group Cis),propofol 180 mg/kg group (group P),intralipid 15 ml/kg group (group Ⅰ),cisplatin 7.5 mg/kg + intralipid 15 ml/kg group (group CisI),cisplatin 7.5 mg/kg + propofol 60 mg/kg group (group CisP1),cisplatin 7.5 mg/kg + propofol 120 mg/kg group (group CisP2),and cisplatin 7.5 mg/kg + propofol 180 mg/kg group (group CisP3).The rats in groups C,Cis,P and I received single intraperitoneal injection of normal saline,cisplatin,propofol and intralipid respectively.While in the groups CisI,CisP1,CisP2 and CisP3,rats received a single intraperitoneal injection of propofol or intralipid at 1 min before a single intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin.At 24 h after cisplatin injection,venous blood samples were taken from inferior vena cava for measurement of plasma ALT and AST activities.The liver tissues were taken for microscopic examination.Results Compared with group C,plasma ALT and AST activities were significantly increased and pathological injury was aggravated in groups Cis,CisI and CisP1-3 (P ＜ 0.05).The activities of ALT and AST were gradually decreased and the pathologic injury was attenuated in groups Cis and CisP1-3 (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Propofol can reduce cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity in a dose-dependent manner in rats.

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol on docetaxel-induced toxicity to cervical cancer Hela cells transfected with Cx32 plasmid.Methods Cervical cancer Hela cells transfected with Cx32 plasmid were seeded at two different densities and induced to express Cx32 by incubation with doxycycline for 48 h.The cells at high density were seeded at 1 × 105 cells/ml such that the cells would be confluent at the time of docetaxel exposure.The cells at low density were seeded at 500 cells/ml and the cells did not attach at the density.Each type of cells obtained was randomly divided into 5 groups (n =8 each):control group (group C),docetaxel group (group D),docetaxel + intralipid group (group D + I),docetaxel + 18-α-GA group (D + 18-α-GA),and docetaxel +propofol group (group D + P).Groups D,D + I,D + 18-α-GA and D + P were exposed to 5 nmol/L docetaxel,5 nmol/L docetaxel + 10μg/ml intralipid,5 nmol/L docetaxel + 10 μmol/L 18-α-GA,and 5 nmol/L docetaxel +2.8 μg/ml propofol,respectively.18-α-GA,intralipid and propofol were added prior to docetaxel,and the action time for 18-α-GA alone was 1 h and for intralipid or propofol alone 2 h.The time for coaction between the three drugs and docetaxel was 2 h.Cell survival was determined by a standard colony-forming assay.Results The colony formation rate of the cells seeded at high density in group D was significantly lower than that of the cells seeded at low density in group D (P ＜ 0.05).For the cells seeded at high density,the colony formation rate was significantly decreased in the other groups when compared with group C (P ＜ 0.05).The colony formation rate was significantly higher in groups D + 18-α-GA and D + P than in groups D and D + I (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference in the colony formation rate between groups D and D + I (P ＞ 0.05).For the cells seeded at low density,the colony formation rate was significantly decreased in the other groups when compared with group C (P ＜ 0.05) and there was no significant difference in the colony formation rate between D,D + I,D + 18-α-GA and D + P groups (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Propofol can attenuate docetaxel-induced toxicity to Hela cells transfected with Cx32 plasmid and inhibition of gap junction function is involved in the mechanism.

Objective To investigate the characteristic of regional amplitude of low frequency fluctuation (ALFF) in the brain of adolescents with online game addiction during the resting state.Methods The ALFF method was employed to explore the local features of spontaneous brain activity in adolescents with online game addiction (n =26) and healthy controls (n =23) during resting-state by Resting-State fMRI Data Analysis Toolkit.Results Compared with healthy controls,adolescents with online game addiction showed increased ALFF values in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC),left middle cingulate cortex (MCC),bilateral caudate,right pallidum,bilateral parahippocampal gyrus,and right insula.It was noteworthy that the ALFF values of the right caudate (r =0.4437,P =0.0232) and right parabippocampal gyrus (r =0.5227,P =0.0062) were positively correlated with the duration of online game addiction.Conclusion The abnormal spontaneous neuronal activity properties during the resting state were revealed in the brain regions of adolescents with online game addiction.And the abnormalities may become more significant as the disease progresses.

Aim To study the protective effects of Rhynchophyll a of total alkaloids ( RTA ) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury and the possi ble mechanism of action. Methods The effects of RTA on decapit ated gasping model and model of middle cerebral artery ischemia 2 h/reperfusion 22 h were observed. The neurological scores, cerebral infarct volume and cerebr al water content after ischemia/reperfusion were observed in rats respectively. The activities of NOS and SOD and the content of MDA in rat's brain tissue were measured. Neuron apoptosis in ischemia penumbral area were detected by terminal depoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling ( TUNEL ) . Results The average gasping times in mice treated with RTA 50 , 75 mg?kg -1 was significantly prolonged. The cerebral infarct volume and cerebral water content in rats treated with RTA 40, 60 mg?kg -1 were sign ificantly decreased in ischemic rats. RTA 40, 60 mg?kg -1 increased the ac tivity of SOD ,and decreased the activity of NOS and the content of MDA in the i schemic brains of rats. The number of apoptotic neurons in ischemia penumbral ar ea of cerebral tissue of rats treated with RTA 40, 60 mg?kg -1 was signif icantly lower than that in control rats. Conclusions RTA has pr otective effect on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury; this may be related to inhibit the activity of NOS and lipoperoxidation, and increasing the activity of SOD and decreasing neuron apoptosis.

Aim To study the effect of naftopidil(Naf) on noradrenalin(NA)-induced proliferation of rats vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs),and explore its mechanisms. Methods The cultured VSMCs was induced to proliferate by NA,and effects of Naf on the VSMCs proliferation was tested by MTT assay and cell counting method respectively. The intra-cellular calcium concentration is investigated by fluorimetry,and the expressions of c-myc,c-fos and hypertension related gene-1(HRG-1) mRNA were tested by Real-Time RT-PCR. Results The proliferation of VSMCs induced by NA was inhibited by Naf(10-7~10-6mol?L-1),which diminished clearly VSMCs [Ca2+]i and decreased mRNA expressions of c-myc,c-fos and increased the expression of HRG-1 mRNA. Conclusions Proliferation of VSMCs induced by NA can be inhibited clearly by Naf. The mechanisms may be related to diminishing [Ca2+]i,antagonizing the up-regulation of c-myc and c-fos mRNA expressions by NA and antagonizing the down-regulation of HRG-1 mRNA expression.

BACKGROUND:Bone cement has certain toxic effects on the human body. The probability of renovation is high after bone cement total hip arthroplasty. It is reported that the long-term effect of cementless total hip arthroplasty is apparently better than bone cement total hip arthroplasty, and can be renovated conveniently. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effect of cementless total hip arthroplasty on hip joint disease, and to compare the difference between unilateral replacement and bilateral replacement. METHODS: Clinical and folow-up data of 233 patients (280 hips), who were treated with cementless total hip arthroplasty in the Department of Orthopedics, Wuzhou Worker’s Hospital, Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from July 2007 to December 2013, were retrospectively analyzed. According to the replacement program, they were divided into unilateral replacement group (n=186) and bilateral replacement group (n=47). Harris score of hip joint, visual analog scale score of thigh pain, the excelent and good rate of hip joint during final folow-up and complications were compared between the two groups before replacement, at 6, 12 and 24 months after replacement. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:No significant difference in Harris scores was detected before replacement, at 6, 12 and 24 months after replacement (P > 0.05). Harris score was significantly higher at 6, 12 and 24 months after replacement compared with that before replacement in both groups (P < 0.05). No significant difference in the excelent and good rate was detected in the unilateral replacement group (87%) and the bilateral replacement group (86%) (P > 0.05). No significant difference in the visual analog scale score was seen before replacement, at 6, 12 and 24 months after replacement (P > 0.05). Visual analog scale scores were significantly lower at 6, 12 and 24 months after replacement than that before replacement in the two groups (P < 0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications after replacement in patients of both groups (P > 0.05). These findings confirm that the effects of cementless total hip arthroplasty for hip joint disease are evident, can effectively restore hip joint function. No significant difference was detected between unilateral replacement and bilateral replacement. Strict replacement operation and matching of prosthesis and medulary cavity can effectively reduce thigh pain after replacement.