Ginsenoside Rg1 ( Rg1 ) is a monomer isolated from ginseng, which has a variety of pharmacological activities. Rg1 can obviously regulate hematopoietic stem cells, mesenchymal stem cells, neural stem cells and endothelial progenitor cells proliferation, differentiation, aging, secretion and so on by mul-tiple mechanisms. Rg1 has important therapeutic effects on the reparation of tissues, organs damage and aging. This review de-scribes the current knowledge on the effects of Rg1 on the char-acteristics and functions of adult stem cells.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and safety of domestic Oseltamivir granules in the treatment of influenza A in children.Methods The research subjects were the hospitalized patients with influenza A coming from the Department of Infectious Disease in Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center.from January and March,2014 They were divided into 2 groups randomly.Patients in the treatment group received domestic Oseltamivir granules,while the patients in the control group received foreign Oseltamivir.Chi square test was performed to compare baseline characteristics and the difference in side effects.Paired t test was used to compare baseline characteristics and the difference in side effects.Results There were 44 cases in the study group,27 cases were male(61.36％),17 cases were female (38.64％),and the average age was (2.40 ± 1.97) years old.There were 40 cases in the control group,28 cases were male (70.00％),12 cases were female (30.00％),and the average age was (2.99-± 3.19) years old.The maximum age was 6 years old.The age and gender were not significant (P ＞ 0.05) between 2 groups.The fever remission time was (14.67-± 9.37) h and (11.80-± 9.98) h in the treatment group and the control group,and there was no significant difference between 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05);the flu symptoms completely remission time was (62.50 ± 25.03) h and (65.40 ± 36.74) h in the treatment group and the control group,and there was no significant difference between 2 groups (P ＞ 0.05);the adverse reaction was not observed in the treatment group,but 1 case in the control group had cough,and without special treatment cough alleviated gradually;the close contacts in 2 groups did not develop influenza A.Conclusions The domestic Oseltamivir granules are as effective and safe as the foreign Oseltamivir.And the domestic Oseltamivir granules are the granular type,and therefore more suitable for children

Objective To investigate the biological properties of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) which were preconditioned with phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor (Vardenfil). Methods hAMSCs were in vitro isolated and cultured, hAMSCs were pre-treated with vardenfil in final concentration of 10 μmol/L. The morphology of Vard-hAMSCs was observed, and the immunological characteristics, proliferative capacity, and ability of anti-oxidative damage of hAMSCs and Vard-hAMSCs were analyzed by flow cytometry. Double labeling immunofluorescent staining was used to count the differences of differential potential between neural cells of hAMSCs and Vard-hAMSCs. Results (1)Flow cytometry revealed that both hAMSCs and Vard-hAMSCs positively expressed CD90、CD105 and CD73, and negatively expressed CD34、CD45、CD11b and HLA-DR. The SPF and PI in Vard-hAMSCs group were (0.57 ± 0.40)% and (2.20 ± 1.60)% respectively, there was no statistical significance compared with hAMSCs group; (2)After 4 hours treated by H2O2, the apoptosis rate in Vard-hAMSCs group were (7.67 ± 0.82)%,which were markedly lower than that in the hAMSCs group and specific blocker group; (3)Under the same induction condition, positive rates of MAP-2 and GFAP in Vard-hAMSCs group were (49.8 ± 6.42)%and (55.2 ± 6.10)% respectively detected by double labeling immunofluorescent staining, which were significantly higher than the control group. Conclusion The strategy that hAMSCs are treated with vandenfil can enrich the ability of anti-oxidative damage and the differential potential for neural cells in a certain time, and the morphology, immunological characteristics, proliferative capacity of Vard-hAMSCs have no significant change. It suggests that pre-treatment with vandenfil may provide a optimized experimental strategey for hAMSCs which were used to treat nervous system disease.

Forensic science is a cross discipline,involving both the subjects of natural sciences and the humanities & social sciences.It needs not only the application of forensic techniques and other theoretical results of natural sciences,but also be bounded by moral and ethical guidance.This paper discusses ethical issues involved in the teaching of forensic medicine in medical colleges,exploring the relationship between the teaching of forensic medicine and ethics,so as to promote the development of forensic science education.

Objective To build model of intestinal motility disorders (IMD) in mice after severe craniocerebral trauma by using modified free fall impact method so as to lay the foundation for further study on development mechanism of postinjury IMD.Methods Severe craniocerebral trauma in mice was induced by a cylindrical sleeve rod impactor.Pathological changes of cerebral and intestinal tissue in mice were observed at 1,6 hours and 1,3,7 days after severe craniocerebral trauma.Brain water content and intestinal propulsion percentage were detected in each time point as well.Results Acute inflammation and congestion of the intestine were observed in phase of cerebral hemorrhage and edema after severe craniocerebral trauma in mice.Brain water content was increased at 6 hours and reached the peak at 24 hours.Intestine propulsion percentage showed a fall at one hour and dropped to the lowest level at 6 hours.Conclusions IMD exists in mice with severe craniocerebral trauma.The device involving modified Feeney free fall impact method can successfully establish animal model of IMD in mice with severe craniocerebral trauma.

Objective To study the therapeutic effect and immunologic regulation of human amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (hAMSCs) in rats with experimental type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM).Methods The hAMSCs from human amnion were isolated and cultured in vitro,then phenotype was analyzed by flow cytometry.T1DM were produced by administering streptozocin to rats.The rats were divided into normal control group (n =6),T1 DM model group (n =6),medium treated group (n =6),hAMSCs transplanted group(n =6),and insulin treated group(n =6).5 × 106of hAMSCs or vehicle were administered to rats via sublingual vein.Blood glucose levels of rats were recorded weekly in the groups for six weeks by Blood Sugar Meter.At the end of 6 weeks after hAMSCs transplantation,concentrations of plasma insulin were detected by ELISA; histopathological changes of pancreas,surviwl and differentiation of transplanted hAMSCs in pancreatic tissue were studied with HE staining,and immunofluorescence staining; percentages of lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood mononuclear cells were determined by flow cytometry ; concentrations of plasma cytokines were determined by cytometric bead array.Results After hAMSCs transplantation,blood glucose levels in rats with T1DM were decreased (P ＜ 0.01),while concentrations of plasma insulin were increased significantly (P＜0.01).At 6 weeks,cell-treated animals showed an improvement in pancreas damage ; the percentages of CD4 + IFN-γ+ (Th 1) and C D4 + interleukin (IL)-17 + (Th 17) cells were reduced (all P＜0.05),while the percentages of FoxP3-positive regulatory T cells (FoxP3 +Treg) and CD4+ IL-4+(Th2) cells were increased (all P＜0.01) ; plasma concentrations of interferon-γ,IL-2,and tumor necrosis factor-αwere decreased (all P＜0.01),but IL-4 level was increased (P＜0.05).No histological evidence of insulin producing cells from hAMSCs was seen within pancreas.Conclusions hAMSCs may reduce blood glucose and alleviate the islet damage in rats with T1 DM,which is related to their potential to up-regulate FoxP3 +Treg cells.

ObjectiveTo investigate the potential of human amnion-derived mesenchymal stem cells to differentiate into insulin secreting cells in vitro.MethodsThe hAD-MSCs were isolated from human amnion by trypsin-collagenase digestion.The phenotype of the isolated cells was identified by flow cytometry and immunocytochemical staining.The 3rd generation cells were inoculated at density of 2.5 × 106 unit/ml or 5 × 105 unit/ml in 6 well plates or preset coverslip 24 well plates.Induced groups were treated in serum-free HG-DMEM with 10 mmol/L nicotinamide and N2 supplement.The cells in the non-induced groups were incubated in LG-DMEM supplemented with 10％ fetal bovine serum.At days 7,14 and 21 after induction,insulin and β2 microglobulin was determined by immunocytochemical stain,the content of insulin in the culture supernatant was assayed by radioimmunoassay,and insulin mRNA and PDX-1 mRNA were detected by reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction.Results( 1 ) The hAD-MSCs highly expressed CD29,CD44,CD73,CD166,and vimentin.( 2 ) At 7,14,and 21 days,the percentages of insulin-positive cells in hAD-MSCs induced groups were 74.67％ ± 1.53％,75.00％:1.00％,and 74.33％ ±1.53％,respectively.Contents of insulin in the supematant of hAD-MSCs induced groups were ( 331.62 ± 1.76 ),( 330.50 ± 1.22 ),and ( 331.65 ± 0.48 ) μIU/ml,respectively,but non-induced groups were negative.(3) PDX-1 mRNA and PDX-1 protein were expressed before and after the induction of hADMSCs,but insulin mRNA was expressed only in the induced groups.( 4 ) Both hAD-MSCs induced groups and non-induced groups expressed β2 microglobulin ( all P ＞ 0.05 ).ConclusionThe hAD-MSCs have a potential of differentiating into ISCs and thus may become a new cell source of therapy for type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To analyze the association between the concentration of metalloestrogens ( MEs ) in seminal plasma and sperm quality in infertile patients, so as to provide the basis for the study of MEs on human sperm quality. Methods: The spermatozoa concentration, progressive rate ( PR ), normal morphology rate ( NMR ) and DNA fragmentation index ( DFI ) were determined in the infertile male patients from Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from March to April, 2020. The contents of As, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg and Ni in seminal plasma were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry ( ICP-MS ). The distribution of MEs in seminal plasma and the sperm quality in different concentration of MEs ( grouped by quartiles ) were analyzed. Results: Among 105 cases recruited, 28 cases were normal in sperm parameters and 77 cases were abnormal, including 22 cases of oligospermia, 47 cases of asthenospermia, 54 cases of dysspermia and 30 cases of abnormal DFI. As, Cr, Cu, Hg and Ni were detected in all samples, the detection rates of Cd and Co were 78.57%-90.91%. Compared with the normal group, the concentration of As in oligospermia group was higher [( 18.96±12.56 ) µg/L vs. (13.67±4.19) µg/L, P<0.05],the concentration of Cr was higher in asthenospermia, dysspermia and abnormal DFI in Q3 and Q4 groups groups [( 386.62±81.92 ), ( 378.02±81.46 ), ( 393.88±77.03 ) µg/L vs. ( 343.12±55.08 ) µg/L,P<0.05]. The PRs in Q3 and Q4 groups of Cr were lower than that in Q2 group [( 32.95±18.22 )%, ( 27.74±22.77 )% vs. ( 54.18±24.64 )%, P<0.05], the DFI in Q3 and Q4 groups was higher than that in Q2 group [( 26.91±14.77 )%, ( 29.91±16.93 )% vs. ( 9.87±10.93 )%, P<0.05], and the NMR in Q4 group was lower than that in Q2 group [( 1.62±1.72 )% vs. ( 3.36±1.97 )%, P<0.05]. The concentration of sperm in Q3 group of Cu was higher than that in Q2 group [( 115.87±88.22 )×106/mL vs. (61.91±66.16)×106/mL, P<0.05]. Conclusion As and Cu in seminal plasma are associated with abnormal sperm concentration, and Cr is associated with NMR, PR and DFI.

10.3969/j.issn.2095-4344.2013.23.010

Objective To study the awareness of perimenopausal hormone replacement therapy (HRT) among a part of the medical care personnel in Guiyang . Methods A survey was conducted among 500 medical staff members in 4 hospitals of Guiyang by cluster random sampling using questionnaire about HRT. Results The survey showed that 74.6% (373/500) medical staff thought that the hormone replacement therapy was necessary to perimenopausal women; 96.7% (87/90) of obstetrics and gynecology doctors believed that it was necessary for perimenopausal women to use HRT,which was significantly higher than the doctors of other specialties 68.6% (166/242) and the nurses group 71.4% (120/168) (χ2=28.509, 23.537, P<0.01). Only 5.8%(29/500) of the medical personnel were willing to recommend HRT. In light of the attitude for recommending HRT, the obstetricians and gynecologists group was more significantly higher than the other specialties doctors group (χ2=86.781, P<0.01). Conclusion The knowledge of hormone replacement therapy in part of Guiyang medical personnel is not sufficient;the recommending rate of HRT was low;the side effects of HRT was still a concern. There are differences between obstetrics and gynecology doctors and doctors other specialties and nurses in HRT knowledge.