2.Peak-Dose Ballism Associated with Declining Implantable Pulse Generator Battery Life in Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease
Denzel Chong JEN-REI ; Lim Thien THIEN ; Lee Hock KEONG ; Hoe Wei LENG ; Onanong PHOKAEWVARANGKUL ; Roongroj BHIDAYASIRI
Journal of Movement Disorders 2021;14(2):166-169
4.Peak-Dose Ballism Associated with Declining Implantable Pulse Generator Battery Life in Deep Brain Stimulation for Parkinson’s Disease
Denzel Chong JEN-REI ; Lim Thien THIEN ; Lee Hock KEONG ; Hoe Wei LENG ; Onanong PHOKAEWVARANGKUL ; Roongroj BHIDAYASIRI
Journal of Movement Disorders 2021;14(2):166-169
6.Lack of association between the LRRK2 A419V variant and Asian Parkinson's disease.
Aroma Agape GOPALAI ; Shen Yang LIM ; Zariah Abdul AZIZ ; Soo Kun LIM ; Li Ping TAN ; Yip Boon CHONG ; Chong Tin TAN ; Santhi PUVANARAJAH ; Shanti VISWANATHAN ; Rishikesan KUPPUSAMY ; Ai Huey TAN ; Thien Thien LIM ; Gaik Bee EOW ; Mohamed Ibrahim NORLINAH ; Hui Hua LI ; Yi ZHAO ; Azlina AHMAD-ANNUAR
Annals of the Academy of Medicine, Singapore 2013;42(5):237-240
INTRODUCTIONThe G2385R and R1628P LRRK2 gene variants have been associated with an increased risk of Parkinson's disease (PD) in the Asian population. Recently, a new LRRK2 gene variant, A419V, was reported to be a third risk variant for PD in Asian patients. Our objective was to investigate this finding in our cohort of Asian subjects.
MATERIALS AND METHODSEight hundred and twenty-eight subjects (404 PD patients, and 424 age and gender-matched control subjects without neurological disorders) were recruited. Genotyping was done by Taqman® allelic discrimination assay on an Applied Biosystems 7500 Fast Real-Time PCR machine.
RESULTSThe heterozygous A419V genotype was found in only 1 patient with PD, compared to 3 in the control group (0.4% vs 1.3%), giving an odds ratio of 0.35 (95% confidence interval (CI), 0.01 to 3.79; P = 0.624).
CONCLUSIONA419V is not an important LRRK2 risk variant in our Asian cohort of patients with PD. Our data are further supported by a literature review which showed that 4 out of 6 published studies reported a negative association of this variant in PD.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Alanine ; genetics ; Case-Control Studies ; China ; ethnology ; Cohort Studies ; Cytosine ; Female ; Gene Frequency ; Genetic Variation ; genetics ; Genotype ; Heterozygote ; Humans ; India ; ethnology ; Leucine-Rich Repeat Serine-Threonine Protein Kinase-2 ; Malaysia ; ethnology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Parkinson Disease ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; genetics ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; genetics ; Risk Factors ; Singapore ; Thymine ; Valine ; genetics ; Young Adult
7.Neurological Perspectives Should Be Integrated Into the Management of Tardive Dyskinesia—Expert Opinions and Proposed Educational Initiatives in Asia
Roongroj BHIDAYASIRI ; Onanong PHOKAEWVARANGKUL ; Thien Thien LIM ; Pramod Kumar PAL ; Hirohisa WATANABE ; Jin Whan CHO ; Hui-Fang SHANG
Journal of Movement Disorders 2024;17(3):262-269
8.Characterization of a Biflaviolin Synthase CYP158A3 from Streptomyces avermitilis and Its Role in the Biosynthesis of Secondary Metabolites.
Young Ran LIM ; Songhee HAN ; Joo Hwan KIM ; Hyoung Goo PARK ; Ga Young LEE ; Thien Kim LE ; Chul Ho YUN ; Donghak KIM
Biomolecules & Therapeutics 2017;25(2):171-176
Streptomyces avermitilis produces clinically useful drugs such as avermectins and oligomycins. Its genome contains approximately 33 cytochrome P450 genes and they seem to play important roles in the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. The SAV_7130 gene from S. avermitilis encodes CYP158A3. The amino acid sequence of this enzyme has high similarity with that of CYP158A2, a biflaviolin synthase from S. coelicolor A3(2). Recombinant S. avermitilis CYP158A3 was heterologously expressed and purified. It exhibited the typical P450 Soret peak at 447 nm in the reduced CO-bound form. Type I binding spectral changes were observed when CYP158A3 was titrated with myristic acid; however, no oxidative product was formed. An analog of flaviolin, 2-hydroxynaphthoquinone (2-OH NQ) displayed similar type I binding upon titration with purified CYP158A3. It underwent an enzymatic reaction forming dimerized product. A homology model of CYP158A3 was superimposed with the structure of CYP158A2, and the majority of structural elements aligned. These results suggest that CYP158A3 might be an orthologue of biflaviolin synthase, catalyzing C-C coupling reactions during pigment biosynthesis in S. avermitilis.
Amino Acid Sequence
;
Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System
;
Genome
;
Myristic Acid
;
Oligomycins
;
Streptomyces*
9.Dilemma in the management of methanol poisoning at a district hospital in Malaysia
Qin Jian Low ; Lee Karl Thien ; Tzyy Huei Lim ; Carwen Siaw ; Seng Wee Cheo ; Nin Ern Tan ; Qamruddin Reza Murad
The Medical Journal of Malaysia 2020;75(4):442-444
There are increasing reports of methanol poisoning (MP)
incidence worldwide. In Malaysia, the largest first methanol
poisoning was reported in Selangor in 2013 with a total of 41
patients and cluster of cases been reported from the country
since then. Often MP involved adulterated alcohol containing
more than the legal permissible concentration of methanol.
Methanol is rapidly absorbed and metabolised into formic acid
which causes variable symptoms of the central nervous system
such as blindness, seizure, coma and gastrointestinal
disturbances. Mortality could reach up to 83% as reported
using the coma state, pH and pCO2 level in the worst-case
scenario.