Objective] The two-step massage treatment of tennis elbow and simple massage therapy clinical curative effect around the elbow. [Method] A total of 80 cases of external humeral epicondylitis were randomly divided into the treatment group(42 cases) and control group(38 cases). The treatment group were treated with the combination of the neck and elbows. The control group was treated only with simple elbow massage. [Results] The treatment group cure rate was 71.4%, the total efficiency of 92.9%;control group, the cure rate was 34.2%, the total effective rate was 71%. The comparison between the 2 groups, the cure rate and total effective rate differences were significant( P＜0.01, P＜0.05). [Conclusion]Two-step massage has better cure effect on external humeral cpicondylitis.

Aim To develop a convenient and effective method to isolate and culture primary rat aortic endothelial cells (RAECs). Methods The thoracic aortas were removed by dissection under sterile conditions. Aortas were turned over to expose the luminal surface, and the surfaces were digested with different concentrations of collagenase typeⅠ, incubated at 37℃ for different times, then, cut into pieces and placed luminal side down onto collagen-coated flask with growth medium. Results RAECs could emigrate from explants digested 1h by collagenase typeⅠ(2.0 g?L-1) for 24 h and cells would passage for another 4~5 days. Reached confluency within 3~4 d after subculturing. RAECs were identified by immunoreactivity with Factor-Ⅷ and by the endothelial cell-specific, cobblestone-like morphology. Conclusion It is an effective method to culture primary RAECs from explants digested for 1h by collagenase type Ⅰ(2.0 g?L-1),that can shorten primary culture time.

Aim To develop a convenient and effective method to isolate and culture primary rabbit aortic vascular smooth muscle cells(VSMCs).Methods The thoracic aortas were removed by dissection under sterile conditions.Aortic smooth muscle cells were excised and cleaned of fat and connective tissue,and the isolated vessel media was cut into 1 mm3 pieces.The explants were digested with different concentrations of collagenase typeⅠ,and incubated at 37℃ for different time,then undispersed explants were placed onto a sterile 100-mm plastic tissue culture dish with growth medium.Results VSMCs could emigrate from the explants digested 6 h by collagenase typeⅠ(1.5 g?L-1)for 24 hours,the cells would passage for another 4~5 days.Confluency could be reached within 3~4 days after subculturing.VSMCs were identified by immunoreactivity with ?-actin and by the smooth muscle cell-specific,hills and valley-like morphology.Conclusion It was an effective method to culture primary VSMCs from the explants digested for 6h by collagenase type Ⅰ(1.5 g?L-1),which could shorten primary culture time.

Objective To compare the survival conditions of patients with insulinoma after enucleation of insulinoma or partial resection of pancreas.Methods The clinical data of 99 patients with insulinoma,treated with surgery from May.2003 to Aug.2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Of the 99 patients,38 received enucleation of insulinoma alone and 61 received partial resection of pancreas.The overall data were analyzed by SPSS 21.0 software.Results Average survival of patients after enucleation of insulinoma (103.3 months) was longer than that of patients after partial resection of pancreas (77.5 months),and the difference had statistical significance (P=0.006).The difference of the incidence of most chronic or temporary complications had no statistical significance between the two groups (P＞0.05),except for new-onset diabetes (P=0.004).Conclusion Enucleation of insulinoma should be firstly recommended for patients with insulinoma in suitable size,which can provide patients with better survival condition.

Objective To quantitatively study the correlation of the distance of pulmonary valve to pulmonary artery bifurcation (DPVB) of normal fetuses in second and late trimester with the fetal biometric parameters using fetal echocardiography.Methods The distances of pulmonary valve to pulmonary artery bifurcation in end-systole (DPVBs) and in end-diastole (DPVBd) were measured in a standard short axis view or right ventricular outflow tract view using fetal echocardiography on 419 normal fetuses.The gestation ages ranged from 20 to 35+ weeks.Fetal non-cardiac biometric parameters including biparietal diameter (BPD),femoral length (FL) and gestation age (GA) based on menstrual age,pulmonary valve annulus diameters (PA) at end-systole were measured.The correlation between DPVBs,DPVBd and non-cardiac biometric parameters were analyzed.Results In normal fetuses,the DPVBs was (1.14±0.24)cm with a range of 0.67 to 1.61 cm,the DPVBd was (0.93±0.20)cm with a range of 0.53 to 1.33 cm.The DPVBs and DPVBd were increased with the growth of GA,and were positively correlated with GA,BPD,FL and PA (r=0.827,0.798,0.793,0.769;0.802,0.764,0.773 and 0.771,respectively,all P<0.001).The linear regression equations between DPVBs,DPVBd and GA,BPD,FL,PA were:Y=0.054×GA-0.369,Y=0.184×BPD-0.179,Y=0.217×FL+0.011,Y=1.602×PA+0.156,Y=0.045×GA-0.330,Y=0.152×BPD-0.157,Y=0.182×FL-0.018,Y=1.380×PA+0.080.Conclusions In normal fetuses,the DPVBs and DPVBd increase with the growth of GA,and have good correlation with GA,BPD,FL and PA,respectively.Normal reference ranges of DPVBs and DPVBd have been provided.These normative data may become a new tool for assessment of fetal heart,especially has potential applications in screening of complex congenital heart defects.

Objective To explore the correlation of left ventricular systolic function calculated by automated cardiac motion quantification (aCMQ) and three-dimensional quantitative analysis (3DQA). Methods According to LVEF by 3DQA,patients were divided into abnormal cardiac function group(LVEF<50%)and normal cardiac function group(LVEF≥50%).Dynamic images from two chamber view(AP2), four chamber view(AP4)and three chamber view(AP3)of left ventricular long axis were acquired from 32 patients with abnormal cardiac function and 119 normal subjects.AP2 longitudinal strain (AP2LS),AP4 longitudinal strain (AP4LS) and AP3 longitudinal strain (AP3LS) as well as the left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) were measured by aCMQ. While left ventricular end diastolic volume (LVEDV),left ventricular end systolic volume (LVESV) and LVEF were derived through aCMQ automatically calculated region of interest (ROI) driven automation.The correlation of left ventricular systolic function indexes obtained by aCMQ and 3DQA were compared.Results No significant differences were found between the two groups in gender,body mass index(BMI) and age (P > 0.05).LVEF in abnormal group by 3QDA and aCMQ were much lower than those in normal group (P < 0.01).The absolute values of AP2LS,AP4LS,AP3LS and LVGLS in abnormal group were significantly lower than those in normal group (P < 0.01).LVEF by aCMQ in abnormal group was positively correlated with LVEF by 3QDA methods(r =0.91 ,P <0.01);LVEF by aCMQ in normal group was positively correlated with LVEF by 3QDA (r = 0.73,P < 0.01).The left ventricular global longitudinal strain (LVGLS) measured by aCMQ was negatively correlated with LVEF by 3QDA(r = -0.815,P < 0.01).LVEF measured by aCMQ and 3DQA showed high inter-observer and intra-observer agreements in Bland-Altman charts.Conclusions aCMQ has preferable repeatability.Comparing with the traditional measurement method,LVEF measured by aCMQ has higher correlation with that measured by 3QDA.aCMQ can be a new and relatively accurate method to evaluate the left ventricular systolic function.

ObjectiveTo assess the characteristics of left ventrlcular ( LV) systolic syncnrony before and 6 days after percutaneous transluminal septal myocardial ablation(PTSMA)in patients with hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM) using two dimensional speckle tracking imaging(2DSTI),and to investigate correlation between the LV systolic synchrony and LV outflow-trace gradient (LVOTG).MethodsLVOTG were measured before and 6 days after PTSMA in 21 patients with HOCM.The two dimensional loop-cinec were obtained in three levels of the short axis views of LV (mitral valve,papillary muscle and cardiac apex).The time from the onset of QRS complexes to systolic peak strain from the radial vectors (TRs) was recorded using 2D-STI.The standard deviation of the TRS of 18 segments (TRsSD) were calculated as indicator of LV systolic synchrony.Results Six days after PTSMA,LVOTG decreased significantly from (84.3 ± 19.1)mm Hg to (40.6 ± 8.3)mm Hg( P ＜0.01).TRS of the base and middle segments of anteroseptal were prolonged dramatically( P ＜0.05) 6 days after PTSMA compared with that before.There were no significantly differences in TRs-SD of LV between before and 6 days after PTSMA ( t =1.03,P ＞ 0.05).Decreased LVOTG correlated moderately to prolonged TRS of the base segments of anteroseptal ( r =0.657,P ＜0.05).Conclusions2D-STI can detect exactly the characteristics of LV systolic synchrony before and 6 days after PTSMA in patients with HOCM.

ObjectiveTo quantitative evaluate the alterations of cardiac morphology and function in gestational impaired glucose tolerance(GIGT) fetuses.MethodsFetal echocardiograms were performed on 68 GIGT fetuses with gestation age between 21 ～ 40 weeks for evaluation of cardiac morphology and function.Fetal cardiac morphology,systolic and diastolic functions of 68 GIGT fetuses were compared with 81 control group fetuses using conventional two-dimensional,M-mode,pulsed Doppler echocardiography and myocardial tissue Doppler imaging.ResultsComprehensive fetal echocardiography data analysis showed no significant differences in cardiac morphology and function between two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusions The alterations of cardiac morphology and function in GIGT fetuses can be accurately and objectively evaluated using quantitative evaluation in fetal echocardiography and will help to offer consultation.

Objective To determine whether real-time three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography(RT-3D TEE) is an accurate non-invasive technique for defining the morphology of atrial septal defects(ASD). Methods In 20 patients with secundum ASD, mean age 42.2 years (7 male, 13 female) ,live three dimensional surgical views of ASD were acquired,qualitative morphology of ASD such as the shape, presence of fenestrations and the defect margins were noted during the cardiac cycle. The measurements obtained from 2-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography(2D-TEE) and RT-3D TEE were compared to those obtained from stretched balloon diameter(SBD) or surgery. Measurements of the size and area change of ASD were validated during the cardiac cycle by RT-3D TEE,stepwise multiple linear regression analysis was performed to test the correlation between the maximum change ratios of area and diameter of ASD and age, atrial septal length, ASD shunting velocity, the maximum diameter of ASD and right ventricular systolic pressure. Results ① The morphology of ASD was circle-like or elliptical in systole,irregular or elliptical in diastole. ②The area and diameter of ASD measured by RT-3D TEE was minimal in isovolumetric contraction phase, maximal in isovolumetric diastole phase. The correlation coefficient of maximum diameter measured by 3D with SBD was 0.962 , greater than that by 2D and SBD (0.820). ③The change ratio of area and maximum diameter of ASD acquired by RT-3D-TEE was 11.48%-71.12% and 2.80%-43.87% respectively,and the correlation coefficient of them was 0.921. Conclusions RT-3D TEE using live 3D-Zoom mode accurately displayed the varying morphology,dimensions and spatial relations of ASD. RT-3D TEE can offer visualization morphological changing of ASD in different periods of cardiac cycle,providing more information for percutanous catheter intervention and open heart surgery.

Objective To design a measuring system for operative gestures used for the crew in armored vehicles. Methods The MEMS sensor was used to collect gesture parameters of important parts of four crew members,such as the head, neck,trunk,arms,legs.The infrared tracking auxiliary measurement was used to calibrate the gesture parameters of arms of drivers.The wireless transceiver was used to transmit data to the control unit for preprocessing and then send the data to the collector for storage, before being transmitted to the back-end computers.A software system was used to process and display the body posture parameters.Results and Conclusion The system can mesure the operative gestures of the crew and provide means by which to analyze the kinematics for the crew in armored vehicles.