OBJECTIVE:To study the antioxidant activity in vitro of neutral polysaccharides and its graded component from 3samples of white ginseng and red ginseng. METHODS:The decoction method was used to extract the crude polysaccharides fromwhite ginseng,100 ℃ and 120 ℃ processed red ginseng;the crude polysaccharides were further separated through ion exchangecolumn to extract neutral polysaccharides;Sephadex G-75 gels filter column was used to grade the neutral polysaccharides accordingto the molecular weight,antioxidant activity in vitro of 9 samples in 3 neutral polysaccharides and were detected by DPPH andOH free radical scavenging test and reduction capacity test(FRAP value),and vitamin C was used as positive control. RESULTS:The 3 neutral polysaccharides all obtained component Ⅰ and component Ⅱ after grading. Neutral polysaccharides and its gradedcomponent showed certain antioxidant activity in vitro in a certain concentration range,and increased by concentration increasing.The activity of neutral polysaccharides and component Ⅱ from 120 ℃ processed red ginseng was the strongest,of which 50% inhibitoryconcentration(IC50)on DPPH free radical was 0.258 g/L and 0.253 g/L,on OH free radical was 7.157 g/L and 6.845g/L,FRAP values were 2.8 and 3.0 mmol/L(when concentration was 1.2 g/L),respectively. CONCLUSIONS:The antioxidant activityin vitro from 120 ℃ processed red ginseng is higher than that of 100 ℃ processed red ginseng and white ginseng,in whichcomponent Ⅱ makes important contribution to the antioxidant activity.

Objective To explore the clinical effect of single use or combination of dydrogesterone and progestin in treatment of threatened abortion caused by uteal phase defect.Methods Totally 186 patients with threatened abortion caused by uteal phase defect accepted in The First Affiliated Hospital of Henan from April 2015 to April 2016 were selected and randomly divided into groups A,B,and C with 62 cases in each group.Patients in group A were given dydrogesterone,those in group B were given progestin,and those in group C were given dydrogesterone combined with progestin.Then the clinical effect,expression of hormones,treatment outcome,and adverse reaction were observed and compared.Results The total effective rates of groups A and B were 72.58％ and 66.13％,respectively,which were obviously lower than 90.32％ of group C with statistically significance (P ＜0.05).The expression levels of P,E2,and hCG of three groups after treatment were higher than those before,those in group C were the highest among them (P ＜ 0.05).The successful treatment rates of groups A,B,and C were 83.87％,82.26％,and 95.16％,respectively,which had no great difference.Conclusion Combination use of dydrogesterone and progestin has better effective rate in treatment of threatened abortion caused by uteal phase defect compared to single use of these two drugs,which has good safety and worth of clinical application.

Objective To observe the effect of Jiaotai Pills ( JP) on hypothalamic neurotransmitters of Orexin A and gamma-aminobutyric acid ( GABA) in rapid eye movement ( REM) sleep deprivation rats. Methods Rat model of REM-sleep deprivation was established by water small platform method. The rats were randomized into 6 groups, namely normal control group, model group, Diazepam group (3 mg/kg), and high-, medium-and low-dose JP groups ( JP in the dosage of 18.6, 9.3 and 4.6 g/kg respectively) . Enzyme-labeled instrument was used to detect the absorbance ratio of rat hypothalamic Orexin A content, and high performance liquid phase electrochemical detection method was adopted for the detection of hypothalamic GABA content. Results Compared with the normal control group, all of the rats in the model group suffered from insomnia, and the Orexin A content was increased ( P<0.05) . Compared with the model group, insomnia in rats of high-, medium- and low-dose JP groups was markedly relieved, and Orexin A was decreased (P<0.05) . The difference of GABA was insignificant between model group and JP groups (P>0.05) . Conclusion The sedative and hypnic mechanism of JP is probably related with the inhibition of hypothalamic Orexin A.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of scalp acupuncture plus moxibustion in treating post-stroke should hand syndrome. Method Seventy-three patients were divided into two groups. the treatment group of 42 patients received scalp acupuncture plus moxibustion and the control group, conventional acupuncture. The therapeutic effects and pre-and post-treatment Fugl-Meyer upper limb motor function scores were compared between the two groups. Result The total efficacy rate was 88.1%in the treatment group and 74.2%in the control group;there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.01). The total efficacy rate was higher in the treatment group than in the control group. The Fugl-Meyer upper limb motor function score increased in both groups after treatment (P＜0.01). The posttreatment Fugl-Meyer upper limb motor function score was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P＜0.01). Conclusion The results suggest that scalp acupuncture plus moxibustion has a better therapeutic effect on post-stroke should hand syndrome. The therapeutic effect is better in the patients with disease duration under six months than in those over six months.

ObjectiveTo approach the regulatory mechanism of high mobility group box-1 (HMGB1) on the expression of E-selectin in human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC).Methods Homeobox A9 (HOXA9) siRNA was transfected to HUVEC at logarithmic phase, real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (real-time qPCR) and Western Blot were used to determine the HOXA9 mRNA expression and protein expressions; a blank control group and a nonsilence negative control group were set. HUVEC stable transfected with pRNA-u6.1/Neo-HMGB1 shRNA plasmids (HUVEC with low-expression HMGB1) was obtained, and HOXA9 and E-selectin mRNA expressions were determined with real-time qPCR; a nonsilence transfection group served as the negative control. The HOXA9 siRNA was transfected to HUVEC with low-expression HMGB1 as co-transfection group, and the E-selectin expressions was determined with real-time qPCR; a HMGB1 shRNA group and a HOXA9 nonsilence group served as control.Results① HOXA9 mRNA (2-ΔΔCT) and protein expression (integralA value) in blank control group were 1.094±0.115 and 1.031±0.060. Compared with nonsilence transfection group, HOXA9 siRNA transfection group could significantly reduced mRNA and protein expression of HOXA9 [HOXA9 mRNA (2-ΔΔCT): 0.257±0.030 vs. 1.035±0.091,t = 14.010,P = 0.002; HOXA9 protein (integralA value): 0.278±0.042 vs. 0.975±0.014,t = 27.310, P = 0.002].② Compared with nonsilence transfection group, HMGB1 shRNA transfection could up-regulate HOXA9 mRNA expression in HUVEC (2-ΔΔCT: 2.519±0.278 vs. 0.856±0.063,t = 10.100,P = 0.001), also could down-regulate E-selectin mRNA expression (0.311±0.046 vs. 1.080±0.201,t = 7.415,P = 0.000).③ Compared with HOXA9 nonsilence group and HMGB1 shRNA group, HMGB1 shRNA and HOXA9 siRNA co-transfected HUVEC cells could significantly elevate E-selectin mRNA expression (2-ΔΔCT: 3.445±0.428 vs. 1.085±0.212, 1.004±0.104,t1 = 8.507, t2 = 9.603, bothP< 0.001).Conclusion HMGB1 may regulate E-selectin expression through the HOXA9 regulation in HUVEC.

Objective To study the protective effect of Xinfuli Granula(XG) on acute and chronic cardiac failure in cats and rats. Methods The cat models of acute cardiac failure were established by injecting pentobarbital. Then the cat models were given XG through duodenum. After medication,hemodynamics parameters such as heart rate(HR),mean arterial pressure(MAP),left ventricular systolic pressure(LVSP),left ventricular end-diastolic pressure(LVEDP),+ dp/dtmax and cardiac output(CO) in cats were determined. The rats were divided randomly into 5 groups:the control group,the model group,the positive control group,and high-dose and Low-dose XG groups. The rat models of myocardial injury were induced by isoproterenol(20 mg/kg). The normal group and the model group were treated with normal saline(10 mL/kg) orally,the positive contral group were treated with cedilanid(0.2 mg/kg) by intravenous,the high-and low-dose XG groups were orally treated with XG(10 g/kg and 5 g/kg respectively),and the propranolol group was orally treated with propranolol(4 mg/kg),once a day for successive 8 days. Animals were sacrificed on the 9th day,then the heart was taken out and the cardiac index was calculated. The pathological changes in myocardial cells of the rats were observed under electron microscope. Results XG had no effect on hemodynamics of cats with acute cardiac failure,but had obvious protective and therapeutic effect on isoproterenol-inducedmyocardial injury and myocardial ischemia of rats. Conclusion Xinfuli Granula has good preventive effect on isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury and sub-acute cardiac failure of rats,but has no effect on acute cardiac failure of cats.

Medicinal plants of the Fructus Amomi containing three species (A momum villosum, A momum longiligu-lare, Amomum villosum var. xanthioides)are well-known, which are widely used as traditional medicines. The mor-phological characteristics of the three origins are very similar, especially in the form of seed. In this study, 60 sam-ples of Fructus Amomi were co llected, and 34 sequences of the Fructus Amomi and their adulterants from GenBank were analyzed. Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected. All the ITS2 sequences here (including our ex-periments and GenBank data)were examined for SNPs at the interspecies level. Results from the study revealed that two stable bases at position 135 bp and 199 bp were found, which could be used as a unique marker to distinguish the three origins of Fructus Amomi. The two SNPs in the ITS2 were found to exist stably between the three species, and all the GenBank sequences of the Fructus Amomi. Our findings indicated that SNP-based DNA barcoding could be used as an efficient method for the rapid and accurate identification of the three origins of Fructus Amomi.

Objective To compare clinical biochemical and pathological characters among antimitochondrial antibody-negative primary biliary cirrhosis (AMA PBC),AMA positive PBC (AMA+ PBC)and autoimmune hepatitis (AIH),and try to find serum biomarkers in the diagnosis of AMA-PBC.Methods From January 2005 to May 2013,23 patients with AMA-PBC,102 patients with AMA+ PBC and 55 patients with AIH were collected.Clinical features of patients were observed.Biochemical indexes (total bilirubin (TBil),direct bilirubin (DBil),alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate transaminase (AST),alkaline phosphatase (ALP),γ-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and globulin) were tested.Immunological indexes immunoglobulin ((Ig)G,IgM and IgA) were also measured.Antinuclear amibody,anti smooth muscle antibody (SMA) and AMA were detected by indirect immunofluorescence.Soluble acidic phosphorylation nucleoprotein antibody and anti-nuclear membrane glycoprotein antibody were detected by Western blotting.Non parameter test was for non normal distributed measurement data and grade data comparison.The cut off value,sensitivity and specificity of IgM in the diagnosis of PBC were calculated with receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.The sensitivity and specificity of soluble acidic phosphorylation nucleoprotein antibody and anti-nuclear membrane glycoprotein antibody in the diagnosis of PBC were analyzed with fourfold table.Results The rates of fatigue and jaundice of AMA-PBC group (39.1％,9/23 ; 43.5 ％,10/23) were both higher than those of AIH group (16.4 ％,9/55; 14.5 ％,8/55),and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =4.735 and 7.648,both P＜ 0.05).The levels of ALP and GGT of AMA PBC group were higher than those of AIH group,and the levels of ALT and AST were lower than those of AIH group (Z=-4.577,-4.257,-2.820 and -2.055,all P＜0.05).The level of IgM of AMA PBC group (417(270,610) mg/L) was higher than that of AIH group (97(69,195) mg/L),however lower than that of AMA+ PBC group (546(419,704) mg/L),and the differences were statistically significant (Z=-4.362 and-0.210,both P＜0.05).The level of IgG of AMA PBC group was lower than that of AIH group (Z=-2.202,P＜0.05).The positive rates of antinuclear antibody and SMA of AMA PBC group (95.7％ (22/23),8.7％ (2/23)) were both higher than those of AMA+ PBC group (33.3％(34/102),1.0％(1/102)),and the differences were statistically significant (x2 =29.474 and 4.769,both P＜0.05).The positive rates of soluble acidic phosphorylation nucleoprotein antibody and anti nuclear membrane glycoprotein antibody of AMA PBC group (60.9％,14/23; 30.4％,7/23) were both higher than those of AIH group (2.0％,1/55; 0),and the differences were statistically significant (x2=36.409 and 24.329,both P＜0.05).The karyotype of antinuclear antibody of AMA PBC and AMA+ PBC group mainly was granules pattern (60.9 ％,14/23;75.5％,77/102),however of AIH group was mainly homogeneous pattern (38.2％,21/55).If the cut off value of IgM was 277 mg/L,the sensitivity and specificity of IgM in the diagnosis of PBC was 72.2％ and 94.4 ％.The sensitivity and specificity of soluble acidic phosphorylation nucleoprotein antibody in the diagnosis of PBC was 24.1％ and 97.2％.The sensitivity and specificity of anti-nuclear membrane glycoprotein antibody was 35.2 ％ and 100.0 ％.The sensitivity and specificity of any one of anti-nuclear membrane glycoprotein antibody positive,soluble acidic phosphorylation nucleoprotein antibody positive or IgM＞277 mg/L in the diagnosis of PBC was 88.9％ and 94.4％.Conclusions AMA-PBC and AMA+ PBC have similar clinical manifestations and serum biochemical test results.Antinuclear antibody and/or SMA positive is the feature of AMA-PBC and which should be distinguished with AIH.The sensitivity and specificity of any one of the followiags:anti nuclear membrane glycoprotein antibody positive,soluble acidic phosphorylation nucleoprotein antibody positive or IgM＞277 mg/L is high in the diagnosis of PBC.

Objective To evaluate an immunochemiluminescence assay for human plasma B-type natriuretic peptide(BNP),and to investigate the reference interval of BNP in healthy Chinese.Methods EDTA anti-coagulant plasmas from 421 healthy volunteers(202 men and 219 women) were included.BNP was measured with Triage BNP kit developed by Biosite on the Beckman Coulter Access II.Referring to the EP documents,a series of tests were designed to investigate the assay′s linearity,detection limit,sensitivity,precision,interference factors,and BNP′s stability under different storage conditions.Results The assay had a linearity of 15~5 040 ng/L,and the detection limit was 9.2 ng/L.The concentration at 10% of CV was 30 ng/L.There was no obvious interference in the assay when bilirubin was 75 years old persons was 100.7 ng/L.Conclusion The immunochemiluminescence assay for human BNP is highly sensitive.The characteristic of its wide detection linearity,precision,and anti-interference ability meets the clinical requirement.We recommend that the 97.5% percentile be a reference interval;when the age is 55 years old,the value is

Objective To explore the establishment and evaluation of various forms of complementary transfer. Methods The former method using the traditional handover method, the establishment of various forms of complementary shift model improved, including optimized bedside handover, handover of patients′ bedsore image and emotional barometer over emotional changes, establish WeChat group to observe improvement;the first two months (99 cases, monitoring 42 days) and the improvement after the six months (97 cases, monitoring 43 days) score of nurses for the patient to grasp, bedside shift time and transfer the missing information. Concrete research and implementation methods, research objects, sample size, measurement indicators, evaluation methods, etc. Results Both shift mode, there is no information on patients admitted to general statistical difference (P>0.05);under complementary shift mode, nurse the patients′ condition from the master score (80.95 ± 4.30) points increased to (84.88 ± 4.01) points, in which the patients′condition data mastery score from (40.81 ± 2.02) points increased to (44.16 ± 2.88) points, nursing problems and measures of control points value from (13.21 ± 1.54) points increased to (14.44 ± 1.72) points, the difference was statistically significant (t =4.362, 6.209, 3.462, P<0.01);general information master score, treatment information at its disposal no difference scores statistically significant (P>0.05). Bedside nurse shift change time decreased from former improvements (31.21 ± 2.63) minutes to (14.42 ± 2.40) minutes, and the difference was statistically significant (t=30.767, P=0.000). Shift nurse missing information dropped from 16 times to 7 times, the difference was statistically significant (χ2=5.124, P=0.024). Conclusions Complementary model can reduce the insufficiency of current clinical succession work, help nurse master the patients′physical and mental conditions and more comprehensive understanding of the ward, reduce the omission or missing information and improve the working efficiency and responsibility.