Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol preconditioning on endoplasmic reticulum stress induced by hypoxia-reoxygenation (H/R) in HEPG2 cells.Methods HEPG2 cells were randomly divided into 4 groups using a random number table:control group (group C),propofol group (group P),H/R group and H/R + propofol preconditioning group (group PP).In group C,the cells were cultured routinely for 42 h.In group H/R,after being cultured routinely for 6 h,the cells were exposed to 1％ O2 + 5％ CO2 + 94％ N2 for 12 h followed by 12 h reoxygenation.In group PP,the cells were cultured for 6 h in the culture medium containing propofol 10 μmol/L (final concentration),and then H/R was induced.The cell viability was detected by MTT assay.The expression of immunoglobulin heavy chain-binding protein (BIP),C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP) and activated caspase-3 was determined by Western blot.The expression of BIP,CHOP and caspase-3 mRNA was determined by RT-PCR.Results Compared with group C,the cell viability was significantly decreased,and the expression of BIP,CHOP and activated caspase-3 protein and mRNA was up-regnlated in H/R and PP groups,and no significant changes were found in the parameters mentioned above in group P.Compared with group H/R,the cell viability was significantly increased,and the expression of BIP,CHOP and activated caspase-3 protein and mRNA was down-regulated in PP group.Conclusion Propofol preconditioning can promote the cell proliferation and attenuate H/R injury to HEPG2 cells through inhibiting endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of mouse nerve growth factor in treating dysphagia in patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma after radiotherapy.Methods Fifty-eight post-radiotherapy nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with dysphagia were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group.Both groups received routine treatment,but the observation group was additionally injected with mouse nerve growth factor intramuscularly every day for four weeks.Before and after the 4 weeks of treatment,both groups were evaluated using Kubota's water drinking test,videofluoroscopy and the brief version of the WHO's Quality of Life scale.Results After 4 weeks,the patients in the observation group displayed significantly greater improvement in swallowing compared with the control group.There was a significant difference in the groups' average scores on the drinking water test and in the videofluoroscopy results.Moreover,the patients in the observation group had significantly higher quality of life scores than those in the control group,on average.Conclusions Mouse nerve growth factor may have a rapid and safe therapeutic effect on dysphagia induced by radiation.No obvious adverse reactions were observed.

Objective To evaluate the effect of propofol on the endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis during focal cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) in rats.Methods Eighty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 240-280 g,were randomly divided into 4 groups (n =20 each):shame operation group (group S) ; focal cerebral I/R group (group FCIR); propofol pretreatment group (group P); intralipid pretreatment group (group Ⅰ).Focal cerebral I/R was induced by 4 h middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion.Propofol was infused at a rate of 12 mg· kg-1 · h-1 starting from 30 min before ischemia until 15 min of ischemia in group P,while intralipid was given instead of propofol in group I.Neurological deficit scores (NDSs) were measured at 6 h of reperfusion in 10 rats chosen from each group and the rats were then sacrificed.Their left brains were removed for determination of brain water content.The left 10 rats were sacrificed and their brains were immediately removed for determination of the expression of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP),Bcl-2,and activated caspase-3 in the left hippocampi by Western blot.Results Compared with group S,NDSs and brain water content were significantly increased,the expression of CHOP and activated caspase-3 was up-regulated,and the expression of Bcl-2 was down-regulated in group FCIR,NDSs was increased in group P (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with group FCIR,NDSs and brain water content were significantly decreased,the expression of CHOP and activated caspase-3 was down-regulated,and the expression of Bcl-2 was up-regulated in group P,and no significant change was found in each parameter in group Ⅰ (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Propofol can reduce focal cerebral I/R injury through inhibition of the endoplasmic reticulum stress-mediated apoptosis in rats.

Objective To discuss the relationship between serum lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2(Lp-PLA2),low-density lipoprotein(LDL),amyloid beta 1-42(Aβ1-42)and soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1(sICAM-1)levels,the National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS)score and prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke(AIS).Methods A total of 106 patients with AIS who underwent intravenous thrombolysis(the thrombolysis group),30 AIS patients without thrombolysis(the non-thrombolysis group)and 95 healthy individuals(the control group)were included in the study.The thrombolysis group was divided into the recanalization group(n=41)and the non-recanalization group(n=65)according to whether the vein was recanalized after thrombolysis.Patients were divided into the mild group(n=45),the moderate group(n=36)and the severe group(n=25)based on the NIHSS score.They were divided into the good prognosis group(n=65)and the poor prognosis group(n=41)based on the modified Rankin Scale(mRS)score.Serum levels of four indexes in different groups were compared.Their relationship with the NIHSS score and the prognosis was analyzed.Results The vein recanalization rate in 106 patients with thrombolysis was 38.68%(41/106).Serum Lp-PLA2,LDL,Aβ1-42 and sICAM-1 levels were lower in the recanalization group than those in the non-canalization group(P＜0.05).Serum Lp-PLA2,LDL,Aβ1-42 and sICAM-1 levels increased successively in the control group,the thrombolysis group and the non-thrombolysis group(P＜0.05).The 4 serum indexes increased with the aggravation of disease condition,and were positively correlated with NIHSS score(P＜0.05).High serum levels of Lp-PLA2,LDL,Aβ1-42 and sICAM-1 were risk factors for poor prognosis of patients with thrombolysis(P＜0.05).The area under the curve(AUC)and specificity of the combination of 4 serum indexes for predicting poor prognosis of patients with thrombolysis were higher than those of prediction with single index(P＜0.05).Conclusion The expression levels of serum Lp-PLA2,LDL,Aβ1-42 and sICAM-1 in patients with AIS are high.They can be used as important reference indexes for disease condition monitoring and prognosis evaluation.

Bypass surgery ( BSX ) and endovascular therapy ( EVT ) are the most important therapeutic method to critical limb ischemia?EVT has potential advantages in reducing surgical trauma and early postoperative complications, shortening hospital stay and so on? Concerning long?term results, BSX is better in reducing long?term mortality and improving long?term patency than EVT group? Therefore, control indications reasonably and select individualized methods, avoid the abuse of EVT are more meaningful for patients.

Bypass surgery ( BSX ) and endovascular therapy ( EVT ) are the most important therapeutic method to critical limb ischemia?EVT has potential advantages in reducing surgical trauma and early postoperative complications, shortening hospital stay and so on? Concerning long?term results, BSX is better in reducing long?term mortality and improving long?term patency than EVT group? Therefore, control indications reasonably and select individualized methods, avoid the abuse of EVT are more meaningful for patients.