Objective To survey the awareness and knowledge of Helicobacter pylori (Hp) infection among medical staff in Shanghai.Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 316 medical staff in Shanghai,including 74 gastroenterologists (GI),158 general practitioners (GP),and 68 gastroenterology nurses(GN),from October 2014 to September 2015.The questionnaire was designed according to the Fourth Helicobacter Pylori Infection Treatment Consensus Report of China (the Consensus).There were 4 parts and 29 questions in the questionnaire,including the knowledge and performance of the Consensus (8 questions),the indications of Hp eradication (8 questions),detection methods of Hp infection (7 questions)and the therapy of Hp eradication (6 questions).Results Total 300 valid questionnaires were received with a response rate of 94.9％ (300/316).The awareness rate of the Consensus in GI,GP and GN groups was 81.1％ (60/74),57.6％ (91/158) and 26.4％ (18/68),respectively (χ2 =43.67,P=0.001).GI had higher awareness rate than GP and GN in indications of Hp eradications (for peptic ulcer,mucosa-associated lymphoid malignancies,post-resection patients of early gastric cancer,and family history of gastric cancer,the χ2 values were 16.68,35.60,33.46 and 39.22,respectively;all P ＜0.05).In part of Hp infection detection methods,the responses of GI,GP and GN groups in C14 or C13 urea breathing test were 97.3％ (72/74),47.5％ (75/158) and 82.1％ (55/68),respectively (χ2 =72.38,P =0.001);in gastric mucosa tissue rapid urease test were 70.3％ (52/74),13.9％ (22/158) and 25.4％ (17/68),respectively (χ2 =78.22,P =0.001);in serological test were 58.1％ (43/74),20.9％ (33/158)and 44.8％ (30/68),respectively (χ2 =40.30,P =0.001);in gastric mucosa tissue section staining were 56.8％ (42/74),13.3％ (21/158) and 22.4％ (15/68),respectively (χ2 =50.35,P =0.00).In part of Hp eradication therapy the responses of GI,GP and GN groups in recommended bismuth quadruple therapy were 71.6％ (53/74),47.5％ (75/158) and 40.3％ (25/62),respectively (χ2 =15.93,P =0.001);in triple therapy were 27.0％ (20/74),51.6％ (81/158) and 42.0％ (26/62),respectively (χ2 =12.42,P =0.002);in 10 or 14 d for treatment duration were 78.4％ (58/74),78.5％ (124/158)and 67.6％ (46/68),respectively (χ2 =3.36,P =0.186).Conclusion Gastroenterologists are more likely to adhere with the Consensus than general practitioners and gastroenterological nurses in the management of Hp infection.The survey suggests that more attention should be paid for popularization and implementation of Hp infection guidelines and consensus among Shanghai medical staff,especially for GP and nurses.