OBJECTIVE To analyze the reasons of ethylene oxide disinfection failure and give the countermeasures to guarantee the sterile quality.METHODS The investigation was carried out from the basic component of the whole disinfection,tracing and finding out the reasons of failure,and raising countermeasures.RESULTS Without meeting the sterile standards of the packages,incorrect packing method,without seriously checking and too much loading were the main failure reasons.CONCLUSIONS More education for the staff,good packing and education with the procedures of ethylene oxide disinfection are the key points to guarantee the sterile quality.

Objective To study the cytopathogenic effect of epidemic hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome virus (HFRSV) on renal tubular cells(RTC). Methods Human fetal renal tubular cells (HFRTC) were cultured in vitro. HFRTC infected or not infected by HFRSV were observed by using trypan-blue stain and transmission electron microscopy(TEM). Viral-mRNA was detected by in situ molecular hybridization. Results (1) HFRSV could directly infected HFRTC: (2)The death rate of HFRTC in the infection group was significantly higher than that in the control grou 1 to 4 weeks after infection; (3) Injuries of cell membrane and cell organs after infection with HFRSV were significantly earlier and more severe as compared to control by means of TEM. Conclusion HFRSV can directly damage renal tubular cells (RTC ), which contributes to the pathogenesis of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS).

ObjectiveTo evaluate the feasibility and accuracy of velocity vector imaging (VVI) in assessing ventricular function in children with single ventricle after cavopulmonary connection.Methods Thirty children with single ventricle after cavopulmonary connection were enrolled in this study,30 agematched normal children were served as control group.The systolic peak velocity,displacement,strain and strain rate in this two groups measured in 6 segments by VVI were compared.dp/dt of single ventricle was estimated by atrioventricular regurgitation using simplified Bernoulli equation.Results Strain and strain rate were significantly lower in all 6 segments in children with single ventricle after cavopulmonary connection compared with values in normal children( P ＜0.05,respectively),strain rate of the basal segment at the rudimentary chamber correlated best with dp/dt (r =0.72,P ＜0.01).Conclusions Segmental ventricular dysfunction was observed in children with single ventricle after cavopulmonary connection,and could be assessed accurately using velocity vector imaging.

DC-specific intercellular adhesion molecule-3-grabbing nonintegrin (DC-SIGN) is specific receptor on Dendritic cells, and plays a pivotal role on antigens presentation. Uptodate, the clear regulation mechanisms for DC-SIGN expression are not available.IL-4 is one of the most important cytokines inducing DC-SIGN production, while, NF-κB is an important transcription factor controlling signaling transduction. Both IL-4 and NF-κB are closely related to DC-SIGN regulation. NF-κB and IL-4 actions on DC-SIGN promoter activity, DC-SIGN expression as well as interactions between IL-4 and NF-κB were investigated in THP-1 cell. It was found that the mutation of NF-κB binding site in DC-SIGN promoter results in DC-SIGN promoter activity decrease about 50%.NF-κBp50 stimulates DC-SIGN expression in THP-1 cells. IL-4 upregulates DC-SIGN expression on THP-1 cells as well as NF-κB production. These data reveal that NF-κB is associated with IL-4 induced DC-SIGN expression.

In order to obtain nucleotides aptamers bind to IgE, 80 bp nucleotides single-stranded DNA library containing 40 random nucleotides was designed and synthesized. Oligonucleotides that bind to human Cepsilon3-Cepsilon4 protein were isolated from ssDNA pools by the systematic evolution of ligands by exponential enrichment (SELEX) method using nitrocellulose filters as screening medium. Through the optimization of critical PCR and asymmetric PCR parameters including annealing temperature, cycles, and molar ratios of target protein and ssDNA etc, a suitable screening system was established. The aptamers of Cepsilon3-Cepsilon4 protein with high affinity and high specificity were identified by ELISA with biotin-streptavidin-horseradish peroxidase system, and its primary sequence and second structure were analyzed by DNAMAN package and DNA folding sever after being cloned and sequenced. Moreover, target protein was bound to one aptamer and another aptamer modified with biotion together forming a sandwich-like complex, which was captured in microwell to detect IgE concentration using the optimal combination in the sandwich method named enzyme-linked aptamers sorption assay (ELASA). The method could be used for the quantitative detection of human IgE, and whose sensitivity reached to 120 ng x mL(-1).

Objective To investigate the risk factors of acute kidney injury(AKI) after intracoronary stent implantation in order to provide the basis for clinical prophylaxis and treatment.Methods Retrospectively analyzed 626 consecutive patients who underwent isolated intracoronary stent implantation in our institution from January 2007 to July 2011.Multivariate logistic regression model was constructed to identify the risk factors for the development of AKI defined as a serum creatinine (SCr) 130 to 199 μ mol/L or estimated creatinine clearance(Ccr) 30 to 60 ml/min per 1.73 m2.Results Ninety-three patients of 626 (14.9％) underwent isolated intracoronary stent implantation developed AKI.The results of the multivariate forward stepwise logistic regression analysis found that risk factors for the development of AKI following isolated intra-coronary stent implantation was associated with age (OR =1.570,95％ CI 1.308-1.885),ejection fraction (EF) ≤ 30％(OR =11.526,95％ CI 2.452-54.177),hypotension during perioperative and postoperation (OR =11.074,95％ CI 2.439-50.282),operation duration(OR =1.032,95％ CI 1.012-1.051),sex (OR =0.010,95％ CI 0.001-0.086),NYHA class Ⅲ & Ⅳ (OR =0.209,95％ CI 0.059-0.737),peripheral vascular disease (OR =0.528,95％ CI 0.286-0.973),chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (OR =0.546,95％ CI 0.304-0.982),preoperation Cr (OR=1.418,95％CI 1.216-1.654) (and all P＜0.05).Conclusion AKI is the common complications after intracoronary stent implantation,especially age,EF ≤ 30％,hypotension during perioperative and postoperation,operation duration are independent risk factors.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of two health education models on the psychology and nutrition of patients waiting for cadaveric renal transplantation.Methods A total of 125 patients waiting for cadaveric renal transplantations were involved in our study.They were diagnosed with chronic renal failure in our hospital during September 1, 2009 to August 30, 2010.The patients were randomly divided into control group (n = 62) and observational group(n = 63).Patients in the control group received traditional health education with routine preoperative education during hospitalization.In the observational group, full-time nurses assessed the nutrition status of each patient and monitored the data. The observational patients were followed up and were given dietary guidance and knowledge of transplantation.Various kinds of education formats were adopted in observational group to provide communication opportunities between patients and surgeons in charge as well as patients who underwent transplantation.Psychological testings of patients in both groups were tested by self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS) before and after the health education.Triceps skinfold thickness (TSF), mid-arm muscle circumference (MAMC) and biochemistry index were also tested.Psychological and nutritional status of patients in the two groups was compared.ResultsThere were no significant differences in scores of the SAS, SDS, TSF, Hb, and albumin (Alb) between the two groups (all P＞0.05) before health education.After health education, SAS and SDS in observational group were lower than those in the control group (40.02 ±9.05 vs 47.05 ± 10.32,42.70 ± 10.01 vs 50.83 ± 10.12; both P＜0.01).Both TSF and Hb were elevated after education (P ＜ 0.001 or 0.05).Alb was significantly elevated in the observational group [(35.67 ±6.19)g/L vs (37.48 ±5.09)g/L, P ＜0.01].ConclusionComprehensive and various health education methods can significantly alleviate mental stress and improve nutrition of the patients waiting for kidney transplantation, which is helpful for patients facing disease positively and having a better quality of

Objective To study the CT findings and differential diagnosis of solitary thyroid cystic lesions.Methods 48 cases of solitary thyroid cystic lesions confirmed pathologically were analysed retrospectively.Results According to the CT findings,the lesions could be divided into there types:type Ⅰ simple cyst(n=35),type Ⅱ cyst with nodule on the wall(n=4) and type Ⅲ cyst with thick wall and/or round mass on it(n=9).The enhanced ring appeared in thyroid adenomas was complete(n=25) in comparison with the enhanced ring was fragmentary appeared in thyroid carcinoma(n=2),double circle enhanced ring appeared in abscess(n=2).Type Ⅰ more common appeared in benign lesions(35/35) in comparison with type Ⅱ in malignant lesions(7/9)(P

Objective To investigate the different distribution and expression of mammalian target of rapamycin complex (mTORC) in the kidney of diabetic nephropathy (DN) mice.Methods Fourteen eight-week-old male C57BL/6 mice were assigned to 2 groups: the control group ( n=7 ) and the streptozotocin ( STZ )-induced DN group ( n=7 ) . Blood and urinary variables including glucose , albumin, creatinine and albumin/creatinine ratio were assessed 2 weeks after STZ injection.Hematoxylin-eosin staining was performed for renal pathological analyses .The distributions of mTOR , phosph-ser2448-mTOR(p-mTOR), mTORC1(Raptor), mTORC2(Rictor) and phosph-ser240/244-S6K1 (p-S6K1) were determined by immunofluorescence.The expression levels of mTOR, p-mTOR, mTORC1(Raptor), mTORC2(Rictor), S6K1 and p-S6K1 were detected by Western blotting .Results Two weeks after STZ injection , the diabetic mice developed albuminuria (P<0.01) and renal hypertrophy (P<0.05).The immunofluorescence positive staining for mTOR , Raptor, and Rictor was distributed in the epithelial cells of proximal tubules , glomerular mesangium and capillary loops as well as the medullary collecting ducts of the control mouse kidney .These positive signals increased in the DN mouse kidney ( P<0.05).However, pS6K1 was not detected in the inner medulla of control mouse and p-mTOR was not found in the glomeruli of both control and DN mice .Conclusion mTORC is widely expessed in the mouse kidney and participates in the development of DN , whereas the 2448 serine phosphorylation of mTOR may be not implicated in the hyperglycemia mediated glomerular injury .

By applying the satellite-based distance rescue system and telemedical technology to the emergency treatment of the wounded from the Wenchuan Earthquake,we successfully conducted joint telemedical consultations with the guidance of the top specialists from various distant areas and saved 3 critically wounded patients.Our experience has shown that telemedical consultations may give a full play to the functions of large rescue organizations and the abilities of the top specialists,improve the treatment and expand war-time medical support.