Network theory is applied to the optimization study on field medical equipment allocation with patient flow and its rate in wartime analyzed. With the application of queuing theory and linear programming, different optimized combinations of evacuation tools are studied, and then static model and dynamic model are established. A calculating table on queue length, service intensity and service desk is put forward to realize rapid evaluation of quantities of required field medical equipment for PLA. Some suggestions are provided to modify the current standard of PLA's basic medical equipment.

Pharmaceutical therapy,including anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment and intravitreal corticosteroids,is the most common treatment for branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and its complications,however there are confusing ideas about the protocol,patient selection,timing and endpoint of this treatment.The disease is easy to relapse with these drugs therapy.Collateral vessel formation was found in patients receiving intravitreal injection of ranibizumab or triamcinolone for BRVO and secondary macular edema.The mechanism of collateral vessel formation has not been carefully investigated.In the past thrombolysis,arteriovenous fasciostomy and laser choroidal retinal vascular anastomosis were used to reconstruct the retinal circulation,but their rationality,effectiveness and safety need to be further were studied.In recent years,because of the key technology is still immature,the artificial vascular bypass surgery experiment is not yet practical,but provides us a new idea worth looking forward to for the treatment of BRVO.

Objective To explore the effect of meropenem on the treatment of children with severe infection and the effect on the level of PCT.MethodsThe clinical data of patients with infectious diseases treated in our hospital from December 2013 to February 2016 were retrospectively analyzed.According to the anti infective drugs were divided into control group and observation group, the control group was given routine antibiotic treatment, the observation group was given meropenem treatment.The treatment effect of the two groups were observed, the difference of serum PCT, cytokine level and blood gas indexes before and after treatment in the two groups were compared, correlation analysis with PCT level and serum levels of inflammatory cytokines and blood indexes of severe infection.ResultsIn the control group, 50 cases were successful, the observation group was successful in the treatment of the patients, there were no significant differences in the success rate between the two groups.Two groups of patients before treatment PCT and inflammatory cytokines level no difference, after treatment, the observation group PCT, IL-18, IL-6 and hs-CRP levels were lower than the control group;Two groups of children before treatment blood gas index no difference, after treatment, the observation group SpO2 level higher than the control group, P ETCO2 level was lower than the control group.PCT levels in children with severe infection were positively correlated with IL-18, IL-6, hs-CRP and P ETCO2 levels and negatively correlated with SpO2 levels.ConclusionMeropenem has better therapeutic effect in the treatment of children with severe infection, can significantly reduce the serum PCT level, has the value of clinical application.

Objective To observe the changes of morphology and biochemical parameters in rats with D-galactose-induced skin ageing. Methods Twenty-six female and male rats were randomly divided into 2 groups. D-galactose group rats were injected subcutaneously with 120 mg?kg-1?d-1 of D-galactose everyday, whereas the control group with normal saline. The rats were sacrificed on days 100. The ageing-related biochemical parameters were detected in the blood and skin, and the cutaneous histopathology was observed. Epidermal thickness and area of elastic fibers were determined quantitatively with imaging analysis system. Results Epidermal thickness and content of elastic fibers were significantly lower in D-galactose group than those in the control group. The loose arrangement of collagen and elastic fibers was evident in D-galactose group. These features of the rats in D-galactose group were similar to those in the ageing skin of human beings. Compared with the control group, the levels of hydroxyproline decreased and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased in the skin of the D-galactose group. The activity of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and catalase (CAT) in the whole blood and that of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in erythrocytes were remarkably reduced in the D-galactose group as compared to the control group. Conclusions The rat models with skin ageing are established by subcutaneous injection of 120 mg?kg-1?d-1 of D-galactose once daily for 100 days. The changes of morphologic and biochemical parameters in these models are analogous to those in human skin ageing.

Objective To explore the ralationship between maternal serum level of soluble endoglin (sEng) in advanced gestations and hypertensive disorders comlicating pregnaney(HDCP). Methods The serum levels of sEng were analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Blood samples were obtained from 62 pregnant women with HDCP at 35-39 weeks' gestation (20 gestational hypertension, 20 mild preeclampsia, 19 severe preeclampsia and 3 eclampsia), and 20 normal pregnant women at 37-39 weeks' gestation (control). Results The serum sEng levels in normal, gestational hypertension, mild preeclampsia, severe preeclampsia and eclampsia group were (6.24±0. 26) ng/ml; (6. 56±0. 29) ng/ml; (7.47±0. 31) ng/ml; (8. 71± 0. 37) ng/ml and (9.69±0. 28) ng/ml, respectively. The serum sEng levels in the preeclampsia and eclampsia group were significantly higher than those in the gestational hypertension and normal group (P<0. 01), that of the severe preeclampsia group was significantly higher than the mild preeclampsia (P<0. 01), and that of the eclampsia group was significantly higher than the preeclampsia group (P<0. 01). However, no difference was found between the gestational hypertension and normal group (P>0. 05). Conclusions The increased serum level of sEng may participate in the genesis of HDCP.

BACKGROUND: Animal experiments show that hormone can induce femoral capillaries poor filling, decrease capillaries density in unit area, and reduce capillaries in cancellous bone inferior to cartilage. However, the involved mechanism remains unclear.OBJECTIVE: To explore the changes of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) during the progress of glucocorticoid induced osteonecrosis.METHODS: The Chinese white rabbits were randomly divided into horse serum plus prednisone group and pradnisone alone group. Typical osteonecrosis model was established by Matsui Method. 10 mL/kg horse serum was injected into horse serum plusprednisone group through the ear margin veins, followed by additional injection after 2 weeks and intraparit0neal injection of prednisone, 45 mg/kg per day for 5 consecutive days. The control group was only subjected to prednisona, 45 mg/kg per day for 5 consecutive days. The VEGF expression was observed by means of reverse transcription polymerase chain react.ion (RT-PCR)before, 7, 14 days after administration, 1, 3, 7, 21, 35 and 49 days following the first application of hormone. The capillaries were quantified.RESULTS ANDCONCLUSION: The VEGF was significantly increased 7 days following horse serum, and gradually decreased to levels before treatment 1 days following hormone. The VEGF mRNA, expression decreased with increasing hormone treatment, in particular at 7 and 21 days (P ＜ 0.05), but cannot restore to normal level. Micrevascular count was decreased gradually, and at 21 days decreased to the minimum, positively correlated with VEGF expression. Results show that adrenal glucocorticoid inhibited VEGF expression in bone tissue and restrained angiogenesis, resulting in ischemia and hypoxia of the local environment in bone tissue. VEGF expression highly correlates with microvascular count and osteonecrosis degree.

BACKGROUND:Rehabilitation outcomes of patients with spinal cord injury are associated with degree of injury, therapeutic method, recovery time and subsequent treatment. Multidisciplinary, comprehensive, specialized rehabilitation unit can provide a better recovery after spinal cord injury. OBJECTIVE:To review the effect or combined effect of rehabilitation units after spinal cord injury. METHODS:A computer-based search of Springer and PubMed databases was done using the keywords of“spinal cord injury, rehabilitation practice, outcomes”, which appeared in the title and abstract. Final y, 44 English papers were included in result analysis. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Based on practical evidence, various rehabilitation practices are recognized, and then, the relevant information is connected with the outcomes to evaluate the efficacy of rehabilitation interventions. Studies have shown that age had no influence on rehabilitation outcomes in traumatic and non-traumatic mixed samples, and there is also little difference in the rehabilitation outcomes between male and female. Incidence of complications is lowest in the vast majority of patients with spinal cord injury who are initial y admitted to a specialist center of spinal cord injury. The hospital stay can be shorten in patients who can be admitted to a multidisciplinary, comprehensive, specialized division of spinal cord injury as early as possible. Patients who can receive regular, comprehensive outpatient fol ow-up show no significant differences in health perception, independence and depression, but the frequency and degree of certain secondary situations can be significantly reduced.

Objective: To explore the association of fetal umbilical artery (UA) Doppler blood flow parameters with umbilical vein (UV) serum sEng,nitric oxide (NO) level and the perinatal outcome in patients with preeclampsia(PE). Methods: Color ultrasonography was used to detect the resistive index (RI), pulse index (PI), the peak systolic velocity (Vs), diastolic velocity (Vd) and the peak-systolic/diastolic ratio(S/D) of UA in 39 PE patients(20 cases of mild preeclampsia, 19 cases of severe preeclampsia), 20 cases of normal full-term pregnant women and 20 gestational hypertension(GH) women. The UV serum level of sEng was analyzed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The level of NO was determined using nitric acid recovery, and to analysis of perinatal outcome. Results: Compared with normal pregnancy and GH, levels of S/D, RI, PI and sEng were significantly higher in the mild and severe preeclampsia group(P < 0.05), and levels of Vs, Vd and NO were significantly lower(P < 0.05). There was a negative correlation between the values of PI, RI and S/D with the level of UV serum NO in the mild and severe preeclampsia group(P < 0.05). There was a positive correlation between the values of PI, RI and S/D with the level of UV serum sEng in the mild and severe PE group (P < 0.05). The incidence of perinatal disease was significantly higher in PE (P < 0.05). Compared with normal perinatal infants, the abnormal perinatal infants had obviously higher levels of S/D, RI, PI and sEng (P < 0.05), and lower levels of Vs, Vd and NO(P < 0.05) in PE. Conclusion: The umbilical artery blood flow parameters can reflect the disease condition and fetal status, which has an important clinical value.

BACKGROUND: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells is the most promising tissue engineering seed cells because of their strong proliferation and passage ability, multi-directional differentiation potential, as well as no ethical problems and no rejection.OBJECTIVE: To review the recent advances in the directional differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells induced by various conditions METHODS: The first author retrieved CNKI, PubMed, Wanfang databases for relevant articles published from January 2001 to September 2016. The keywords were bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells, BMSCs, directional differentiation in Chinese and English, respectively. Literature addressing experimental research and review were selected, and finally 48 articles were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can be induced in vitro to differentiate into chondrocytes, osteoblasts, adipocytes, and nerve cells by cytokines, chemical drugs, Chinese herbs and extracts, physical stimulation. To establish feasible induction conditions in vitro and improve cell induction efficiency is the basis for the clinical application of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.

Objective To know the status of disinfection conducted in the hospitals at province level in Hunan province aimed to make the intervention strategy for prevention and control of diseases transmission. Methods The related items of hospitals at province level were examined and evaluated according to the national standards such as GB15982-1995 Hygienic Standard for Disinfection in Hospital, GB15981-1995 Evaluating Method and Standard for the Efficacy of Disinfection and Sterilization, GB8987-1996 Requirements for Hospital Sewage Discharge, GB18466-2001 Requirements for Medical Organization Sewage Discharge, GB15980-1995 Hygienic Standard of Disinfection for Single Use Medical Products and Technical Standard for Disinfection (2002). Results As for the disinfection effect in the present investigation, the total qualified rate was 90.10%, the annual qualified rate was increasing. Conclusion The surveillance of hospital disinfection is a long-term task, to supervise and improve the hospital disinfection is necessary to ensure patient and society safety.