Objective To evaluate the treatment effect of using the double frequency Laser 532 to treat the pathological changes of retina due to diabetes before proliferation. Methods To condense the rays of the wavelength 532nm green laser on the pathologically changed retina and the case-pattern rays on the yellow spot,the full ray-condensed retina should be dealt with after the ray condensation of the yellow spot. During the following 8 months, close attention should be paid to the improvement of the pathologically changed retina, the fadeaway of the dropsy of the yellow spot and the change of eyesight after the operation. Results 67 of 86 persons were improved in their eyesight, with the percentage of 78. 5% ,17 persons(19.5% ) didn't improve and only 2 (2 %) were worse. Conclusion The double frequency laser 532 is effective in treating the pathologically changed retina due to diabetes before proliferation, and has obvious effect in improving the eyesight of the persons with the limited yellow-spot dropsy through the ray condensation.

Objective To study the relativity between pathology and CT diagnosis and CT classified types of the golioma of the brain.Methods Seventy cases of golioma confirmed by CT diagnosis and pathology by way of non-contrast CT scanning and enhanced scans were analysed in comparison the results of the pathology and CT appearances.Results (1)The accuracy rate of CT diagnosis was 85.7%;(2)having pointed out the CT classified types of the golioma of the brain a acording of CT appearances comibined with shape.Type Ⅰ was(low-tensity,non-enhancement types)16 cases,which can be only seen in Ⅰ and Ⅱ grade of astrocytoma oligodendroglioma,and the latter was often characterized by bending stripe-like calcification or cluster dot-like calcification,both of which occupy 33% of the total (3/9).Type Ⅱ was (ring-like enhanced patterns)13 cases,which often appeared in Ⅱ?Ⅲ?Ⅳ grade astrocytoma,charactenied by parietal-node which took up 53.8%(7/13).The pathology changes were mainly caused by the internal neceosis and a few by cystic changes.Type Ⅲ(nodular or mass-like enhancement) in 31 cases revealed by various types of goliomsas,which were typical CT appearances of medulloblastoma and ependymoma.Type Ⅳ(mixed types)in 10 cases had showed the CT appearances of malignant goliomas.(3)The results indicate that no or slight edema and mass effect as well as intensification were mainly seen in Ⅰ and Ⅱ grade astrocytomas,Ⅲ and Ⅳ grade astrocytomas were classified as the less serious and the serious both of which had distinctive differences.(4)Analyse the CT appearances of brain golioma in terms of tumor cytology had provided the pathology evidences for CT classified patterns.Conclusion CT appearances and CT classified patterns can reflect some pathologie characteristics and provide an important reference for astrocytoma pathology grading.

Objective:Nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor 1(NAIF1) is a novel apoptosis gene cloned in laboratory. To analyze the binding proteins of NAIF1 by pulldown method, the fusion expression vector of truncated human nuclear apoptosis-inducing factor 1〔NAIF1(73-327)〕 was constructed, were expressed and purified the recombinant GST-NAIF1(73-327) fusion protein in E.coli.Methods:The cDNA encoding human NAIF1(73-327) was amplified by PCR and cloned into pGEX-KG vector. The GST-NAIF1(73-327) fusion protein was expressed in E.coli and purified by affinity chromatography. The purified protein was detected by SDS-PAGE, Western blot and ESI-Q-TOF-MS/MS.Results:A prokaryotic expression vector of GST-NAIF1(73-327) was constructed and the GST-NAIF1(73-327) fusion protein was expressed in E.coli at high level. SDS-PAGE analyses indicated that the purified protein was about 53 kD. Western blot and MS/MS analyses verified the recombinant fusion protein.Conclusion:An efficient method for obtaining recombinant GST-NAIF1(73-327) fusion protein had been established and it could be used for further studies on the structure and function of NAIF1.

In this study, we assessed the effects of shear stress on the expression of plasminogen activator(tPA and uPA) mRNA in cultured NRK-52E cells (a kidney proximal tubular epithelial cell line of normal rat origin) and investigated the mechanism of tubulointerstitial extracellular matrix (ECM) remodeling in the early stage of diabetic nephropathy (DN). The cultured NRK-52E cells were exposed to shear stress of 5 and 10 dyn/cm2 for 1, 3 and 6 hours respectively. Semi-quantity RT-PCR was used to detect the expression of tPA and uPA mRNA. Shear stress down-regulated the expression of tPA and uPA mRNA in cultured NRK-52E cells in a magnitude and time-dependent way. The results suggested that the increased tubular shear stress in the early-stage of DN could decrease the expression of tPA and uPA in renal proximal tubular cells, lead to the reduction of tubulointerstitial fibrinolytic activity and involve in the remodeling of ECM.
Animals ; Cell Line ; Diabetic Nephropathies ; pathology ; Epithelial Cells ; cytology ; metabolism ; pathology ; Extracellular Matrix ; metabolism ; Humans ; Kidney Tubules, Proximal ; cytology ; metabolism ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Shear Strength ; Tissue Plasminogen Activator ; genetics ; metabolism ; Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator ; genetics ; metabolism

Objectives Exploring the association between depression/anxiety and mental stress-induced myocardial ischemia (MSIMI) in patients with stable coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods A total of 178 subjects was enrolled according to the inclusion and exclusion criterion with 88 men and 90 women at age of (54±12)years. The subjects were divided into four groups including CAD with depression/anxiety, CAD without depression/anxiety, depression/anxiety without CAD, and control group based on the state of coronary artery, the scores of Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item (PHQ-9) and Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item(GAD-7). MSIMI was diagnosed by echocardiography. Data were analyzed by SPSS19.0. Results The incidence of MSIMI in all CAD patients was 17.24%. Within each group, 35.00% patients were MSIMI in CAD with depression/anxiety, 2.13% were in CAD without depression/anxiety, 14.29% were in depression/anxiety without CAD, and 2.38% were in control group. The risks of MSIMI in depression/anxiety without CAD and with CAD groups were 6.83 (P>0.05) and 22.08 times (P<0.05) higher than that in control group, respectively. Logistic regression showed that a 1-point increment in the GAD-7 score, but not PHQ-9 score [ OR=0.95, 95% CI (0.77-1.17), P=0.63], was associated with 1.22-fold increase in the likehood of MSIMI [95% CI (1.07-1.38), P=0.00]. Conclusions The MSIMI rate is much higher in patients with CAD comorbid depression/ anxiety compared with CAD without depression/anxiety. Anxiety, but not depression, is an independent risk factor of MSIMI in CAD patients.

Objective: Sex differences have been observed in many aspects of schizophrenia, including cognitive deficits. Despite extensive research into the relationship between metabolic factors and cognitive deficits in schizophrenia, few studies have explored the potential sex difference in their association. Methods: We recruited 358 schizophrenia patients and 231 healthy controls. The participants underwent measurements of body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose. Metabolic risk factors included abdominal obesity, hypertension, hyperglycemia, and dyslipidemia. A collection of these metabolic risk factors has been defined as metabolic syndrome. These diagnoses were based on the criteria of the National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adult Treatment Panel III. Cognitive performance was measured using the Repeatable Battery for the Assessment of Neuropsychological Status (RBANS). A descriptive analysis, difference analysis, and linear regression model were used to identify the metabolic risk factors for cognitive function in schizophrenia. Results: Our findings revealed sex differences in the rate of abdominal obesity and hypertension in schizophrenic patients. Additionally, we observed sex differences in the association between metabolic risk factors and cognitive impairment in schizophrenia. Specifically, hyperglycemia was associated with the immediate memory index score of RBANS in male patients, while dyslipidemia was associated with language, attention, delayed memory index scores, and RBANS total score in female patients. Conclusion Our results suggest that sex should be considered when evaluating the impact of metabolic disorders on the cognitive function of schizophrenic patients. Moreover, our study identifies hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia as potential targets for precise treatment by sex stratification, which could benefit the improvement of cognitive impairment in schizophrenic patients.

Objective:To evaluate the risk factors for the complexity and surgical prognosis in patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods:A historical cohort study of the CONCEPT trial, including 97 patients (97 eyes) who were diagnosed with PDR and requiring three-channel 23-gauge transconjunctival pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) from June 2017 to January 2018 at the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University.All patients received preoperative intravitreal injection of 0.5 mg conbercpet.Based on the PDR complexity score, patients were divided into >3 group or ≤3 group, and the systematic risk factors were compared between the two groups.The influence of sex, age, hypertension, renal insufficiency, duration of diabetes mellitus, and hemoglobin A1c level on the PDR complexity score was evaluated by multivariate logistic regression analysis.Based on age, patients were divided into <45 years group, 45-<60 years group, and ≥60 years group, and the differences in mean operative time, incidence of intraoperative hemorrhage, surgically induced lacrimation and silicone oil filling, and incidence of hemorrhage on color fundus photos and macular edema by optical coherence tomography at postoperative months 1 and 6 were analyzed among different age groups.This study adhered to the Declaration of Helsinki.The study protocol was approved by the Ethics Committee of The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University (No.2017-SR-283).Written informed consent was obtained from each subject.Results:The age of patients with PDR complexity score >3 was 46.5(36.0, 51.8) years, which was less than 54.0(45.5, 61.5) years for PDR complexity score ≤3, and the difference was statistically significant ( Z=1.835, P=0.002).Among the factors predicting PDR complexity score >3, logistic regression analysis indicated that only age was statistically significant ( P=0.005).For each 1-year increase in age, the risk of PDR complexity score >3 would increase by 7.4%( OR: 0.929, 95% CI: 0.883-0.977).Among the systemic factors, there were significant differences in age, history of diabetes, proportion of patients with hypertension and renal insufficiency among the three age groups (all at P<0.05).Among the ocular factors, there were significant differences in the proportion of patients with history of retinal laser treatment, fibrovascular membrane and complexity score >3 among the three groups (all at P<0.05).The proportion of patients with fibrovascular membrane and complexity score >3 in the <45 years group was significantly higher than that in the 45-<60 and ≥60 years groups (all at P<0.05).There were significant differences in the proportion of patients with intraoperative bleeding and silicone oil filling in the three age groups (all at P<0.017).The proportion of intraoperative bleeding and silicone oil filling in <45 years group was significantly higher than that in 45-<60 and ≥60 years groups (all at P<0.05).The macular edema on postoperative month 1 in the <45 years old group was significantly higher than that in the 45-<60 and ≥60 years groups (both at P<0.05). Conclusions:Among systemic factors, age has a significant impact on the increased PDR complexity and contributes to the poor prognosis of patients.There is a higher percentage of intraoperative complications and early postoperative macular edema in patients in the younger age group compared to the older age group.

Traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome (TSOFS) is a symptom complex caused by nerve entrapment in the supraorbital fissure after skull base trauma. If the compressed cranial nerve in the supraorbital fissure is not decompressed surgically, ptosis, diplopia and eye movement disorder may exist for a long time and seriously affect the patients′ quality of life. Since its overall incidence is not high, it is not familiarized with the majority of neurosurgeons and some TSOFS may be complicated with skull base vascular injury. If the supraorbital fissure surgery is performed without treatment of vascular injury, it may cause massive hemorrhage, and disability and even life-threatening in severe cases. At present, there is no consensus or guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS that can be referred to both domestically and internationally. To improve the understanding of TSOFS among clinical physicians and establish standardized diagnosis and treatment plans, the Skull Base Trauma Group of the Neurorepair Professional Committee of the Chinese Medical Doctor Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Neurosurgery Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, Neurotrauma Group of the Traumatology Branch of the Chinese Medical Association, and Editorial Committee of Chinese Journal of Trauma organized relevant experts to formulate Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and treatment of traumatic supraorbital fissure syndrome ( version 2024) based on evidence of evidence-based medicine and clinical experience of diagnosis and treatment. This consensus puts forward 12 recommendations on the diagnosis, classification, treatment, efficacy evaluation and follow-up of TSOFS, aiming to provide references for neurosurgeons from hospitals of all levels to standardize the diagnosis and treatment of TSOFS.

Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Bronchiectasis ; Mycobacterium avium Complex ; Syndrome ; Nocardia Infections/drug therapy* ; Nocardia ; Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection

Acute respiratory failure due to acute hypoxemia is the major manifestation in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Rational and effective respiratory support is crucial in the management of COVID-19 patients. High-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has been utilized widely due to its superiority over other non-invasive respiratory support techniques. To avoid HFNC failure and intubation delay, the key issues are proper patients, timely application and improving compliance. It should be noted that elder patients are vulnerable for failed HFNC. We applied HFNC for oxygen therapy in severe and critical ill COVID-19 patients and summarized the following experiences. Firstly, to select the proper size of nasal catheter, to locate it at suitable place, and to confirm the nose and the upper respiratory airway unobstructed. Secondly, an initial ow of 60 L/min and 37℃ should be given immediately for patients with obvious respiratory distress or weak cough ability; otherwise, low-level support should be given first and the level gradually increased. Thirdly, to avoid hypoxia or hypoxemia, the treatment goal of HFNC should be maintained the oxygen saturation (SpO) above 95% for patients without chronic pulmonary disease. Finally, patients should wear a surgical mask during HFNC treatment to reduce the risk of virus transmission through droplets or aerosols.
Aged ; Betacoronavirus ; isolation & purification ; Cannula ; Coronavirus Infections ; therapy ; Humans ; Oxygen ; administration & dosage ; Pandemics ; Pneumonia, Viral ; therapy