Objectives To explore the effects of hemodialysis on oxidizing stress and plasma nitrogen monoxide (NO) levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients. Methods 67 maintenance hemodialysis patients (male 39, female 28, and mean age 58?13y) were enrolled in this study. Serum malondialdehyde (MDA) level was measured by colorimetry, and plasma NO level was determined by enzymatic method. The MDA and NO levels before and after hemodialysis were measured in 48 cases of the patients. Results After hemodialysis, the serum MDA levels significantly increased, and the plasma NO levels decreased. The patients with cardiovascular diseases had lower NO levels and higher MDA levels than the patients without ones before hemodialysis. The serum MDA levels of the patients using biological incompatible dialysis membrane increased after hemodialysis. Conclusion Hemodialysis treatment, especially using biological incompatible dialysis membrane increased oxidizing stress and decreased plasma NO levels in maintenance hemodialysis patients, and was significantly correlated with the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.

Objective To determine the incidence of lung infection and associated factors in patients with traumatic brain injury for the sake of improving the clinical outcomes.Methods A retrospective analysis was made on records of 325 patients who hospitalized between January 2014 and June 2014.There were 198 male and 127 female patients,aged 11-78 years [(38.4 ±8.3) years].A total of 172 patients were injured in traffic accidents,80 in high falls,56 in blow accidents,and 17 in others.Lung infection status was documented and related risk factors were analyzed.Results Thirty-two patients (9.8％) had lung infection.Pseudomonas aeruginosa amounting to 12 strains was the most common pathogenic bacteria.Univariate analysis showed mechanical ventilation,airway open,and aspiration were significantly related to lung infection.Logistic regression identified aspiration (OR =2.891,P ＜ 0.05) and mechanical ventilation (OR =1.323,P ＜ 0.05) as the independent risk factors for lung infection.Conclusions Lung infection is a serious complication of traumatic brain injury,affected largely by aspiration and mechanical ventilation.Active preventions,reductions of risk factors,and early treatments should be done to get the best efficacy.

OBJECTIVE:To observe the curative effects of compound glycyrrhizin injection in treatment of primary sjogren syndrome(PSS).METHODS:68 patients with PSS were randomized into the treatment group and control group,and treated for 4wk with hydroxypiperaquine,bromhexine and carmellose.The treatment group also received compound glycyrrhizin injection in addition to the three agents for the control group.RESULTS:After treatment for 4wk,both groups saw some declines in IgG,IgM,IgA,ESR and RF,and improvement in indicators such as schemer test and saliva flow rate,with the treatment group showing more significant improvement than the control group(P

Objective To obtain the specific human scFv basic fibroblast growth factor(bFGF)using phage antibody library technology. Methods The library was panned with human recombinant bFGF for 4 rounds. The antigen binding activities of random clones were tested by ELISA in order to select specific antibodies, which were then examined by DNA sequence analysis. Results The positive clone selected from the 104 random clones was able to bind bFGF specifically, while not able to bind other growth factors,such as aFGF, VEGF(vascular endothelial growth factor). By competition ELISA assay we found one clone 44 could inhibit bFGF binding to FGFR1. Conclusion Seven specific human phage antibody against bFGF was obtained by phage display technique, one clone could inhibit bFGF binding to its high affinity receptor FGFR1.

Objective: To explore the mechanisms of emodin in protecting intestinal mucosal barrier in rat with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods: Sixty SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation group, untreated group, and emodin group. SAP in rats of the untreated group and the emodin group was induced by retrograde pumping of 3.0% sodium cholate to the common bile duct. Specimens were obtained 24 hours after the severe acute pancreatitis was induced. Serum level of leptin, serum activity of amylase and plasma content of endotoxin were measured. Ileum mucosa from ileocecal junction was observed by light microscopy and electron microscopy to measure pathological and ultrastructural changes. Apoptosis of ileum mucosal cells was detected by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling method, and expression of Bax in ileum mucosal cells was measured by immunohistochemical method. Results: Compared with the sham-operation group, there was significant increase in the levels of leptin, endotoxin, the activity of amylase, apoptosis index and Bax expression in the untreated group (P<0.01). Compared with the untreated group, the level of endotoxin, apoptotic index and Bax expression level in the emodin group were significantly reduced (P<0.01) and the leptin level was increased (P<0.05). More severe pathological changes appeared in the untreated group than in the sham-operation group under the light and electron microscopes; meanwhile less severe damage was observed in the emodin group as compared with the untreated group. Conclusion: Emodin can inhibit the apoptosis of intestinal mucosa cells and up-regulate the serum leptin content to protect the intestina1 barrier function and prevent the translocation of bacteria and endotoxin.

Prednisolone-induced zebrafish osteoporosis model was used to explore the bone-strengthening effect of Jie-Gu-Tang (JGT). Zebrafish larvae of 5 days post fertilization (d.p.f.) were co-exposed with 25 μmol·L-1 pred-nisolone and a series of JGT solutions with a range of concentrations (0.025, 0.25, 2.5, 25 and 100 mg crude herb per liter). The 25 μmol·L-1 prednisolone was selected as the model group. Etidronate disodium (15 and 30 mg·mL-1) with 25 μmol·L-1 prednisolone was used as the positive group. And 0.5% DMSO was used as the vehicle control group. All groups were incubated in 24-well plates (28.5℃) until 10 d.p.f. Zebrafish skeleton at 10 d.p.f. was anes-thetized and fixed for staining with alizarin red. Quantitative analysis of the stained area was performed by microscop-ic inspection and digital imaging methods to reflect the amount of zebrafish head skeleton mineralization. The results showed that prednisolone group at 25 μmol·L-1 concentration can obviously decrease the staining area and the stain-ing optical density values when compared with the vehicle control group (0.5% DMSO). Compared with the model group, both etidronate disodium (15 and 30 mg·mL-1) and JGT (2.5, 25 and 100 mg crude herb per liter) can in-crease the mineralized matrix and integrated optical density (IOD) of zebrafish head skeleton significantly with dose-effect relationship. It was concluded that zebrafish osteoporosis model was successfully used in the evaluation on bone loss prevention and bone formation promotion of JGT, which provided basis for the reliability and reasonability of zebrafish model.

Objective:To study the effect of the extracting time and solvent on the concentration of main active components in Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge, and to provide basic data and theoretical guide to GEP(general extraction practice). Methods: Salvianolic acid B and Tanshinone ⅡA were extracted by 90% alcohol and water respectively from Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge and their contents were etermined by means of HPLC at regular intervals. Results: Extracting time and solvent were significant factors in the prcess of concentrating Salvianolic acid B and Tanshinone ⅡA from extract of Salvia Miltiorrhiza Bunge. Conclusion: Water is suitable for extracting Salvianolic acids, the extracting time is 40～50 minutes; alcohol is suitable for extracting Tanshinones, the extracting time is 20～30 minutes.

Objective To investigate the value of the three-dimensional high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging curve planar reformation(CPR)combined with virtual endoscopy reconstruction in vascular compression of trigeminal neuralgia.Methods 65 pa-tients with trigeminal neuralgia performed three-dimensional MR doubly excited balanced steady-state free precession sequence (3D-FIESTA-C),and CPR combined with virtual endoscopy reconstruction was used to evaluate the relationship of neurovascular anato-my.And 60 cases with microvascular decompression (MVD)surgery were analyzed.Results 65 cases of 3D-FIESTA-C CPR com-bined with MRVE showed responsibility vascular with a positive rate of 92.3% (60/65).60 cases of all patients with the results of surgery showed responsibility blood vessels and oppression parts with 3D-FIESTA-C CPR combined with MRVE,and it was found that the findings of oppression had a good consistency with MVD with the diagnose accordance rate of 95% (57/60).Conclusion Three-dimensional high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging CPR combined with virtual endoscopy reconstruction can be a new method to clearly and accurately show the anatomical relationship between blood vessels and nerves,which helps to improve the posi-tive rate of detection and to give operative guidance.

AIM: To Structure a series of diversifying combination of ginsenoside in order to provide the different samples for the pharmacological and pharmacodynamics experiments. METHODS: UNIFAC group contribution method is used for simulating the liquid liquid extraction, the proper extractants are chosen to carry out the experiments, and then the contents of the ginsenosides obtained with different extractants are detected through HPLC. RESULTS: The contents of the main ginsenoside varied with the change of the extractants' ratio, as a result a series of diversifying combination of ginsenoside are constructured. Within the ginsenoside which has greater amount, ginsenoside Rb 1 can be easily separated from Re, while Rd is hard to be separated, the experimental data were accordant to the theoretical prediction. CONCLUSION: Theoretical calculation combined with the optimizing of the extractants can structure a series of distinguished ginsenoside.

Objective To observe the protective effects of le g negative pressure (NP) treatment on free radical injury from chronic ischemia of lower legs in canines. Methods By cutting off the branches of the femoral artery a nd inserting two pieces of spiral wires into the artery of canine posterior limb , we succeeded in duplicating the animal model of arterial occlusive disease in the lower extremity within two weeks. After treatment with LNP for 8 to 10 days, the blood samples of the ischemic legs were collected and the lipid peroxide (L PO) content as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were measured and ana lyzed, respectively. Results When the ischemic model was set up, PLO content inc reased while SOD activity decreased apparently, compared with those of normal [(35.594?10.753)vs. (24.800?9.011)?mol?L -1, P