Four cellulolytic strains, which can be used as feed additive, were studied under the conditions of various temperature, incubation time, and anaerobic process, and examined the changes of their cell protein content, cellulase and hemi-cellulase activity. The results show: 1) The maximum cellulolytic enzyme activities were observed incubation 20h; 2) Constant medium temperature 28℃ was adequate to the growth of the 4 strains ; 3) anaerobic condition, 39℃±2℃ and fermentation 12h, 24h, 36h, the tested strains can growth well in PDA plate, however, the cellulolytic enzyme activities and growth of the tested strains were influenced adversely when fermentation 48h. The experiment provide many important basis for the strains production, storage and utilization.

Objective To observe the effects of aerosolized prostaglandin E1 (PGE1 )via right lung before one-lung ventilation (OLV ) on shunt rate (Qs/Qt ) and oxygenation in patients undergoing surgery for oesophageal cancer.Methods Sixty patients scheduled for elective trans-left-thoracic esophagectomy for esophageal cancer were randomly and single-blindly located into two groups.Patients in each group received different therapy before OLV,namely inhaling PGE1 0.2μg/kg via right lung in group P and inhaling normal saline in group C.The PaO 2 and hemodynamic indicators of two groups were recorded at these points:before OLV(T1 ),OLV 10 min (T2 ),OLV 1 5 min (T3 ),OLV 30 min (T4 ),OLV 60 min (T5 ),OLV 120 min (T6 ),.Results PaO 2 in both groups were declined straightly since OLV and fell to the lowest point at T4 in group C.PaO 2 in group P at T2-T4 were significantly higher than that in group C (P <0.05),and the lowest point of which was recorded at T5 .Qs/Qt in group P was significantly lower than that in group C at T2-T4 (P <0.05).There were no significant differences in hemodynamics indicators between the two groups. Conclusion Inhalation of 0.2 μg/kg PGE1 before OLV via one lung can reduce pulmonary shunt and improve PaO 2 in thoracic surgery patients.

BACKGROUND:The microRNAs are involved in regulation of stem cel proliferation, differentiation and aging. To study the effect of Let-7c, a member of Let-7, on the neural differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels provides new ideas for stem cel therapy. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of Let-7c in the neural differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. METHODS: The lentiviral vectors of Let-7c-up and Let-7c-inhibition were constructed and transfected into rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels. Optimal multiplicity of infection was screened. The cels were divided into non-transfected group, negative control group (transfected with empty virus), transfected enhancement group (transfected with LV-rno-Let-7c-up), transfected inhibition group (transfected with LV-rno-Let-7c-5p-inhibition). Bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels were treated with fasudil as an inducer for triggering the cels to differentiate into neurons. The fluorescence expressed by transfected cels was observed under inverted fluorescence microscope. The expression of neuron-specific markers, neuron-specific enolase and microtubule-associated protein 2, were measured by immunocytochemical method. The mRNA expression of microtubule-associated protein 2 was detected by RT-PCR. The cel viability was determined by MTT method. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Under the inverted fluorescence microscope, the cels were successfuly transfected with LV-rno-Let-7c-up and LV-rno-Let-7c-5p-inhibition. Fasudil induced bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels to differentiate into neurons. The transfection efficiency and expression levels of neuron-specific enolase and microtubule-associated protein 2 in the transfected enhancement group were significantly higher than those in the negative control group (P < 0.05), while in the transfected inhibition group, they were lower than those in the negative control group (P < 0.05). These findings indicate that the differentiation percentage of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels is increased by fasudil after transfection with LV-rno-Let-7c-up, and Let-7c may promote the differentiation of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cels into neurons.

Objective To investigate the inhibiton effect of 4‐styrenesulfonic acid‐co‐maleic acid(PSM ) in HIV‐1 .Methods The inhibition effect of different doses of PSM on HIV‐1 in susceptible cells GHOST (3) X4/Hi5 was observed by Luciferase ,and so did the inhibitory effect of PSM on JR‐FL、HXB2、CNE6 ,CNE30 ,CNE50 ,CNE55 .The cellular toxicity of PSM on the VK2/E6E7 was also evaluated by CCK8 kit .The transcript level of tight junction proteins (ZO‐1 ,E‐cadherin and Occludin) of HEC‐1‐A were analyzed by qRT‐PCR .And then observed the effect of PSM on expression of genitourinary epithelial cells HEC‐1‐A ,so we could e‐valuated the effect of integrity of local mucosal indirectly .Results The results showed that PSM exhibited potent antiviral activity against a broad spectrum of HIV‐1 major isolates with different genotypes and biotypes (EC50 value of JR‐FL ,HXB2 ,CNE6 , CNE30 ,CNE50 ,CNE55 were 5 .78 ,0 .77 ,1 .85 ,3 .15 ,1 .70 ,2 .27 μg/mL respectively) .Meanwhile ,it had less cytotoxicity on VK2/E6E7 .qRT‐PCR showed that no obvious restrain effect on expression of ZO‐1 was observed and PSM increased the level of tran‐scription of E‐cadherin and Occludin .Conclusion PSM may be a potential agent for the prevention of HIV‐1 infection .

Objective To investigate the relationship between cow's milk protein allergy(CMPA)and gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)and the prognosis of GERD combined with CMPA.Methods Fifty patients(24 boys and 26 girls)with GERD were enrolled in this study from January 2015 to June 2016 at Department of Pediatrics,Tangdu Hospital of the Fourth Military Medical University.All children were treated with serum milk protein soluble IgE(sIgE)and milk protein avoidance test,and those with positive results of children's milk protein by provocation test and those with milk serum protein sIgE negative by milk protein provocation tests were diagnosed as CMPA children with GERD according to the CMPA diagnostic criteria and received diet therapy for 1 month and then their blood eosinophil ratio and 24-hour esophageal pH were monitored.Results Twenty-three cases(46％)of 50 children with GERD were diagnosed as CMPA.There was significant difference in clinical symptoms between GERD group and GERD combined with CMPA group(x2=22.78,P<0.05),but there existed cross-symptoms among individual patients,so clinical accurate diagnosis turned out to be difficult.There was no significant difference in family history of allergy between GERD group and GERD combined with CMPA group(x2=3.19,P>0.05).For children with GERD combined with CMPA,the patients received dietary treatment for 1 month.There was significant improvement in vomiting,runny nose/wheezing/cough and diarrhea(P<0.05).However,because the treatment of eczema was long and it could relapse easily,there was no significant change after 1 month of therapy(P>0.05).The proportions of blood eosinophils were decreased after treatment compared with those before treatment [(2.7±1.8)％vs.(8.2±2.7)％,t=10.006,P<0.01].The results of 5 children's 24-hour esophageal pH monitoring showed that the reflux index and the number of acid GERD episodes were lower than before,and the difference was all statistically significant before and after(all P<0.05).Conclusions The occurrence of GERD in infants is partly related to CMPA,and the treatment of CMPA can relieve the clinical symptoms of GERD.

Objective:To explore the efficacy and safety of ticagrelor versus clopidogrel in acute coronary syndrome (ACS) Chinese patients using glycoprotein Ⅱb/Ⅲa inhibitor (GPI).Methods:The data from CCC-ACS (Improving Care for Cardiovascular Disease in China-ACS) project were systematically reviewed in ACS patients with GPI. The patients were divided into ticagrelor and clopidogrel groups. A logistic analysis and propensity score matching (PSM) were performed to compare occurrences of major cardiovascular events (MACE) and bleeding events between the two groups during hospitalization.Results:A total of 63 641 ACS patients were collected from 150 hospitals. Logistic regression analyses showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the reduction of MACE between ticagrelor and clopidogrel when using GPI ( OR=0.881, 95% CI 0.599-1.296; P=0.521). However, major bleeding rate was higher in the ticagrelor group than that in the clopidogrel group ( OR=1.401, 95% CI 1.075-1.852; P=0.013). Similar results were observed after PSM. No statistic difference in MACE between the ticagrelor and clopidogrel group ( OR=0.919, 95% CI 0.613-1.376; P=0.681). Major bleeding rate was higher in the ticagrelor group ( OR=1.559, 95% CI 1.130-2.150; P=0.007). Conclusion:In ACS patients with GPI, ticagrelor did not reduce MACE, but increased the major bleeding risk compared with clopidogrel.

In 2011, Shanghai Medical Equipment Management Quality Control Center launched the fifth after-sale service satisfaction survey for medical devices in Shanghai area. There are 8 classes medical devices involving in the survey. This paper demonstrates the investigation results of monitoring devices which are from different manufacturers.
Consumer Behavior ; Equipment and Supplies ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; Quality Control

To improve the manufacturer's medical equipment after-sale service, the fifth Shanghai zone customer satisfaction survey was launched by the end of 2011. The DSA/X-ray equipment was setup as an independent category for the first time. From the survey we can show that the DSA/X-ray equipment's CSI is higher than last year, the customer satisfaction scores of preventive maintenance and service contract are lower than others, and CSI of local brand is lower than imported brand.
Consumer Behavior ; Product Surveillance, Postmarketing ; statistics & numerical data ; Quality Control ; Radiography ; instrumentation ; standards

This paper studies the vein extraction technique based on the susceptibility weighted imaging (SWI) and introduced an improved self-adaptive threshold method based on the vessel enhancing diffusion. The approach employs the combination indicator of the local gray character, the global gray character and the tubular information of the vein. It first applies the vessel enhancing diffusion filter to enhance the continuity of the vein, increases the detection rate of tiny vein and suppresses the nucleus areas. And then it uses the improved self-adaptive threshold method to extract the vein. The results demonstrate that this approach can solve the problem above and extract the vein from the SWI image accurately.
Cerebral Veins ; anatomy & histology ; pathology ; Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; methods ; Humans ; Image Enhancement ; methods ; Imaging, Three-Dimensional

Exosomes are tiny vesicles produced in cells which sizes between 40 to 100 nm. Exosomes are carriers of cell signal transduction. Thyroid cancer is the common malignant tumor in endocrine system. Exosomes show the regulatory role in thyroid cancer about occurrence, development and metastasis. This review focuses on the relevant characteristics of exosomes and the research progress of exosomes in thyroid cancer.