To investigate the role of Gli1 in DDP-resistance in lung cancer.Methods:A DDP-resistant human lung adenocarcinoma cell line A 549/DDP was cultured and transfected with Gli 1 siRNA.The mRNA and protein expression levels of Gli 1 were evaluated by qPT-PCR,Western blot analysis and immunofluorescence microscopy.The expression of Bcl-2、caspases-3、cyclinD1 was evaluated by Western blot analysis.Hoechst 33258 staining and flow cytometry were used to detect spontaneous cell apoptosis and cell cycle.The cell inhibition rate and DDP-induced cell death were examined by MTT and Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining.Results:Gli1-knockdown by using Gli 1-specific siRNA led to a markedly decrease in Gli 1 mRNA and protein expression levels,when compared to negative siRNA transfected cells and untreated control cells (P=0.001).The downstream effectors of Gli1, Bcl-2 and cyclinD1 proteins were also inhibited (P=0.003),the expression of caspase-3 was increased (P=0.001).Hoechst 33258 staining showed that Gli1 depletion by Gli1 siRNA in A549/DDP cells could induce spontaneous apoptosis.The result of cell cycle showed Gli1 siRNA could lead more cells arrest in G1 phase.The IC50 of A549/DDP cells on DDP was (12.63 ±1.11 )μg/ml /(13.81±1.14)μg/ml,which decreased to (2.65±0.85)μg/ml after being transfected with Gli1 siRNA (P=0.000).Annexin V-FITC/propidium iodide staining showed that DDP-induced apoptosis rate in Gli 1-silencing cells was higher than that in negative siRNA or untreated control cells ( 35.19%±3.92% vs 6.43%±0.11%/5.01%±0.77%, P=0.000 ).Conclusion: Application of RNA interference can restrain the expression of Gli 1 mRNA and protein observably in A549/DDP cells,and increase the sensitivity of A549/DDP cells to cisplatin.Maybe Gli1 will become a new target to reverse the cisplatin resistance for lung cancer.

Objective To compare the survival rates from two conservative strategies in the treatment of malignant pleural mesothelioma (pemetrexed plus cisplatin or pemetrexed plus carboplatin ).Methods Seventeen cases diagnosed of malignant pleural mesothelioma at clinical stages of or over Butchart Ⅲ in our hospital during 2005 -2009 were treated with pemetrexed plus cisplatin (10 cases,Group A)or pemetrexed plus carboplatin (7 cases,Group B ).The difference in the survival rates between these two groups was compared.Results The early survival rate (0 -3 months)in pemetrexed plus cisplatin (group A)-treated group was more than that of pemetrexed plus carboplatin group (group B),but the difference was not statistically significant (x2 =0,1.52,1.52,respectively,P ＞ 0.05 ).For the medium-term survival rate (4 - 9 months),group A was better than group B,and the difference was statistically significant( x2 =5.21,4.41,4.41,4.50,4.50,4.55,respectively,P ＜ 0.05 ).The two groups produced comparable long-term survival rate s (10 -12months) ( x2 =1.31,0.09,0.09,respectively,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion To increase the medium-term survival rate (4 -9 months)of patients with MPM,we prefer to using pemetrexed plus cisplatin regime.For the patients with more severe side effects which can be relieved by folic acid and VitB12,this regime is also recommended.Otherwise,for the patients with unrelievable side effects,especially for those with poor physical condition or a short survival expectation,pemetrexed plus carboplatin is suggested.

Epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is an oncogene involved in tumour genesis and progression. It is expressed in 7% of patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) and is associated with drug resistance of epidermal growth factor receptor monoclonal antibodies. With the emergence of the therapeutic dilemma of CRC and the survival benefits of targeting HER2 for patients with breast cancer and gastric cancer, the significance of HER2 in CRC and the prognostic value of anti-HER2 therapy have been widely concerned, clinical researches on HER2-positive CRC have been continuously carried out. Currently, the diagnostic criteria for HER2 positive CRC have gradually been unified. HER2-targeting therapies such as monoclonal antibodies, tyrosine kinase inhibitors, antibody-drug coupling and HER2-related immunotherapy alone or in combination have shown good efficacy and brought significant survival benefits for HER2 positive CRC. This paper reviews the research progress of HER2 in CRC.

Posterior cruciate ligament (PCL) injury is common in sports medicine. Arthroscopic reconstruction of PCL has become a routine procedure to stabilize the knee joint after PCL injury. The location of tibial tunnel during operation is crucial to a successful surgery. This article reviews the current studies on transtibial PCL reconstruction from the aspects of the anatomy related to the tibial tunnel, the anteromedial and anterolateral tibial tunnels, the maximum angle and optimal angle of tibial tunnel, and the anatomical and non-anatomical tibial tunnels, hoping to provide helpful references for the treatment of PCL injury.

Thirty patients with gastric cancer,ASA Ⅱ or Ⅲ,scheduled for selective radical gastrectomy under tracheal intubation general anesthesia in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from November 2016 to February 2017 were enrolled in the study.The gastric tubes were placed by a nurse before operation.The position of gastric tube was judged under gastric ultrasonography by a sonographer and anesthesiologist respectively;and confirmed by the surgeon during the operation.With the position judged by the surgeon as gold standard,the sensitivity,specificity,positive predictive value,negative predictive value of the judgment of ultrasonographer were 96％,80％,96％,50％,respectively with the Kappa value 0.760 of (P ＜0.001),those of the judgment of anesthesiologist were 92％,40％,92％ and 60％,respectively with a Kappa value of 0.280 (P =0.125);those of the judgment of nurse were 92％,0％,100％ and 71.4％,with a Kappa value of-0.105 (P =0.513).The results suggest that ultrasound examination is a simple,reliable and sensitive method for confirming correct gastric tube placement.

Objective To study the impact of RAS status on prognosis of patients after liver resection for colorectal cancer liver metastases (CRLM).Methods The data of 545 consecutive CRLM patients who underwent liver resection at the Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery Department I,Peking University Cancer Hospital between January 1st,2008 and December 31st,2016,were retrospectively reviewed.According to the inclusion and exclusion criteria,356 patients were eventually included into this study.There were 232 males and 124 females,with ages ranging from 21 to 83 years.The clinical and follow-up data of patients with wild-type and mutant RAS were compared.Survival was estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method,and the difference was compared by the log-rank test.Factors influencing survival of these patients were assessed by univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses.Results There were 247 patients with wild-type RAS and 109 patients with mutant RAS,respectively.The median overall survival of patients with wild-type and mutant RAS were 74 and 30 months respectively.Compared with mutant RAS patients,wild-type RAS patients had significantly better cumulative survival and disease free survival rates (both P ＜ 0.05).Multivariate Cox regression analyses revealed disease free interval from primary to metastases ≤ 12 months (HR =1.673,95％ CI:1.016-2.637),largest hepatic tumor diameter ＞ 5 cm (HR =1.717,95 ％ CI:1.102-2.637),and mutant RAS (HR =1.836,95％ CI:1.322-2.550) were independent risk factors for patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases after hepatic resection.Conclusion Mutant RAS was a poor prognostic factor of survival after liver resection in CRLM patients

Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a rare vasculitis that mainly involves small and medium arteries. It often occurs at the points where the vessels bifurcate, leading to microaneurysm formation, thrombosis, aneurysm rupture and bleeding, and infarction of organs.About a third of cases are associated with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.All tissues and organs of the body can be affected, with skin, joints and peripheral nerves being the most common.The pathological changes were fibrinoid necrosis, inflammatory cell infiltration and luminal thrombosis in the acute stage, and fibrous hyperplasia in the chronic stage.Overall outcomes for the disease have improved in recent decades, mainly reflecting early diagnosis and more effective treatments.The main treatments for PAN are glucocorticoid and cyclophosphamide.Patients with HBV-associated PAN should receive antiviral therapy and plasma exchange.