The commissural fibres of hippocampus and dentate gyrus were studied by the method of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in the guinea pig. The results are as follows:(1) The superior region (CA_1)of hippocampus sends commissural fibres to the same field of the contralateral side.(2) The inferior region (CA_3) of hippocampus sends commissural fibres to all fields of hippocampus and dentate gyrus of the contralateral side.(3) The cells of polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus send commissural fibres to the dentate gyrus or the inferior region (CA_3) nearby the dentate gyrus of the contralateral side, or perhaps to both of them.(4) The superior region of hippocampus receives commissural fibres which have remarkable degree of symmetry, and this is probably also true of the dentate gyrus, but the inferior region of hippocampus is not likely so.

Objective To analyze the ultrasonic features of gynecological emergency and severe cases.Methods To analyze 431 cases in clinical,ultrasonic images and examination data of gynecological emergency and severe patients in Peking University Third Hospital from September 2014 to September 2015,and to study clinical pathological and ultrasonic imaging examination.Results In 431 severe cases of gynecologic emergency,the clinical symptom were shown as acute abdominal pain or and vaginal bleeding.They were divided into seven types by clinical examination,operation or conservative treatment under dynamic observation.There were 137 cases of fracture disease,accounting for 31.8％,with corpus luteum rupture in 67 cases,ectopic pregnancy burst in 59 cases and tumor rupture in 11 cases.There were 114 cases of pelvic inflammatory disease,accounting for 26.5％,with hemorrhagic disease of department of gynaecology in 67 cases (15.5％),dysfunctional uterine bleeding in 39 cases,cervical cancer in 11 cases,submucosal myoma in 7 cases,endometrial carcinoma in 6 cases,carcinosarcoma in 4 cases.There were 58 cases of early pregnancy related diseases,accounting for 13.5％.Among them,32 cases were incomplete abortion,and 21 cases were inevitable abortion and 5 cases were hydatidiform mole.Forty-six cases were torsion of pedicle (10.6％).Five cases were genital tract malformation,accounting for 1.2％,with vaginal septum obliquumevery 4 cases and cervical atresia in one case.There were damages after the operation in 4 cases (0.9％),uterus perforation in 2 cases,abdominal wall hematoma in 1 case after cesarean section,and false aneurysm in 1 case after cesarean section.In the 431 cases,there was emergency surgery oroperation after symptomatic treatment in 329 cases,interventional treatment in one case and non-operative treatment in 101 cases.Conclusions There are corresponding typical ultrasonographic characteristics in different diseases of emergency and severe gynaecologic cases,combined with clinical symptoms and medical history.The right diagnosis can be made.Therefore,there are important clinical values of ultrasound in the treatment of emergency and severe gynecologic cases.

OBJECTIVETo examine the global effects of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M. tuberculosis) infection on macrophages.

METHODSThe gene expression profiling of macrophage U937, in response to infection with M. tuberculosis H(37)R(a), was monitored using a high-density cDNA microarray.

RESULTSM. tuberculosis infection caused 463 differentially expressed genes, of which 366 genes are known genes registered in the Gene Bank. These genes function in various cellular processes including intracellular signalling, cytoskeletal rearrangement, apoptosis, transcriptional regulation, cell surface receptors, cell-mediated immunity as well as a variety of cellular metabolic pathways, and may play key roles in M. tuberculosis infection and intracellular survival.

CONCLUSIONSM. tuberculosis infection alters the expression of host-cell genes, and these genes will provide a foundation for understanding the infection process of M. tuberculosis. The cDNA microarray is a powerful tool for studying pathogen-host cell interaction.

Cells, Cultured ; DNA, Complementary ; genetics ; Gene Expression ; Macrophages ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Tuberculosis ; genetics