Objective To explore the relationship between serum reproductive hormone levels and premenopausal and postmenopausal breast cancer patients.Methods We recruited healthy women and breast cancer patients who came to our hospital from September 2007 to February 2012 for routine physical examination or surgery and divided them into premenopausal healthy group Ⅰ and breast cancer group Ⅰ ;Postmenopausal healthy group Ⅱ and breast cancer group Ⅱ,with 175 cases in each group.Reproductive hormone levels was measured in all cases.Results There were significant differences among the four groups on estradiol (E2),testosterone (T),progesterone (P),luteotropic hormone (LH),follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),and prolactin (PRL) (F =76.459,57.224,82.932,161.047,74.801 and 15.246 respectively,P ＜ 0.05).In premenopausal cases:There were significant statistical difference on the levels of E2 [(61.5 ±32.2) ng/L vs.(74.1 ±41.6) ng/L],T [(48.1 ±22.2) μg/L vs.(80.1 ±41.8) μg/L],P [(2.9±1.6) μg/Lvs.(3.5 ±1.3) μg/L],LH [(1.3 ±0.9) U/L vs.(3.5 ±1.4) U/L],FSH [(14.8 ±8.9) U/L vs.(25.1 ±23.3) U/L],PRL [(15.8 ±6.7) μg/L vs.(39.4 ±27.4) μg/L] between the healthy Ⅰ group and the breast cancer Ⅰ group (P ＜ 0.05).In postmenopausal cases:There were significant statistical difference on the E2 [(18.8 ± 8.3) ng/L vs.(55.9±34.1) ng/L],T [(34.1 ±16.2) μg/L vs.(84.7 ±66.4) μg/L],P [(1.3 ±0.9) μg/L vs.(3.5 ±1.4) μg/L],LH [(38.1 ±33.7) U/L vs.(45.6 ± 31.2) U/L] in healthy group Ⅱand the breast cancer Ⅱ group (P ＜ 0.05).The difference was statistically significant on the E2 [(74.1 ± 41.6) ng/L vs.(55.9±34.1) ng/L],LH [(3.5 ±1.4) U/L vs.(45.6 ±31.2) U/L],FSH [(25.1 ±23.3) U/L vs.(70.5±58.2) U/L],PRL [(39.4 ±27.4) μg/L vs.(15.9 ±15.5) μg/L] between the breast group of premenopausal and postmenopausal (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Reproductive hormone levels has important clinical significance for the onset and development of breast cancer and provides a reference point for the treatment of menopausal and post-menopausal breast cancer.

Objective To study the relationship between interleukin(IL)-4,IL-12 and IL-18 and intrauterine infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV),in order to provide the basis for prevention and treatment.Methods Forty pregnant women with positive HBsAg and intrauterine infection of HBV were selected as study group,and 80 pregnant women with positive HBsAg and non-intrauterine infection of HBV were selected as control group.The levels of IL-4,IL-12,IL-18 were compared.Results The level of IL-4 was (51.56 ± 7.86) ng/L in study group,which was higher than that in control group [(31.67 ± 8.64) ng/L],and there was significant difference between two groups (P ＜0.01).The leveh ofIL-12 and IL-18 were (803.45 ± 132.64),(627.87 ± 134.38) ng/L in study group,which werelower than that in control group [(904.87 ± 231.86),(734.78 ± 165.67) ng/L],and there were significant differences between two groups (P ＜ 0.01).Conclusions The levels of IL-4,IL-12,IL-18 are correlated with intrauterine infection of HBV.The increase of IL-4 and the decrease of IL-18,IL-12 may lead to positive HBsAg pregnant women happening intrauterine HBV infection.

Objective To explore the effect of laparoscopic ovarian drilling technique in the treatment of polycystic ovarian syndrome.Methods 60 patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome were randomly devided into observation group( 30 cases) and the control group(30 cases).The effect of the two groups was observed.Results LH and T of all the patients were significantly improved after the treatments( t =27.2158,20.4752,9.7169,0.4551,all P ＜0.05);The ovulation rate and the pregnancy rate of observation group(86.7％ and 86.7％ ) was significantly higher than those of the control group( x2 =5.4545,9.3496,all P ＜ 0.05 ),and the OHSS rate of observation group was 0,significantly lower than that of the control group ( 16.7％ ) ( x2 =5.4545,P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Laparoscopic ovarian drilling technique was effective and safe in treating polycystic ovarian syndrome.

Objective To compare clinical efficacy between improved vaginal hysterectomy (IVH)and traditional vaginal hysterectomy (TVH) and its influences on blood glucose and serum corticosteroid levels.Methods One hundred patients undergoing hysterectomy were divided into using IVH (treatment group,50 patients) and TVH (control group,50 patients).Clinical efficacy,blood glucose and serum corticosteroid levels were compared between two groups.Results There was no significant difference in operation time between two groups (P＞ 0.05).The amount of intraoperative bleeding,postoperative exhaust time and postoperative vaginal bleeding time in treatment group were significantly less than those in control group [(86.7 ± 5.7) ml vs.(131.2 ± 14.5) ml,(24.8 ± 12.9) h vs.(42.8 ± 17.7) h,(16.5 ± 2.9) d vs.(24.3 ±6.7) d,P ＜ 0.05],and the time of blood glucose and serum corticosteroid levels returned to normal levels in treatment group were much earlier than those in control group.Conclusion The clinical efficacy of IVH is preonunced,and postoperative stress reaction is mild.

Objective To investigate the protective effects and mechanisms of NF-KB inhibitor pyrrolidine dithiocarbamate (PDTC) on infant rabbits with lung injury caused by mechanical ventilation. Methods Twenty healthy infant rabbits were randomly divided into four groups. (1) Mechanical ventilation (MV, with VT = 24 ml/kg);(2) Mechanical ventilation plus PDTC pre-treatment (MVP, VT = 24 ml/kg with PDTC 100 mg/kg injection via ear vein half an hour prior to MV) ; (3) Mechanical ventilation combined with endotoxin (EMV, 0.1 ml/kg of endotoxin dripping into trachea then on MV, VT = 24 ml/kg) ; (4) EMV plus PDTC pretreatment (EMVP, PDTC 100 mg/kg injection via ear vein followed by 0.1 mg/kg of endotoxin dripping into trachea in half an hour then on MV with VT = 24 ml/kg for 4 h continuously. MPO and the activation of NF-κB in lung tissues and the genetic expression and protein quantity of TNF-α and IL-8 in homogenate were measured. The pathological changes in lung tissues were examined. Results Pre-treatment with PDTC had significant minor pathological changes caused by MV and MV plus endotoxin, which were indicated by the fact that MPO, activation of NF-KB and the genetic expression and protein quantity of TNF-α and IL-8 were significantly suppressed. Conclusions PDTC could decrease the expression, synthesis and release of pro-inflammatory cytokines. This may be through suppressing the activation of NF-κB resulting in less infiltration with inflammatory cells and protective effects on lung injury caused by MV and MV plus endotoxin.

Objective To investigate the Toxoplasma gondii infection status in pregnant women with history of adverse preg?nancy and risk factors in Bazhou area,Hebei Province. Methods A total of 302 pregnant women with the history of adverse pregnancy were chosen as respondents(an experimental group)in the hospital from March 2012 to December 2015,and 197 pregnant women without the history of adverse pregnancy as a control group. TOX?IgG and TOX?IgM were detected by using ELI?SA in two groups. The risk factors of Toxoplasma infection were surveyed by questionnaires. Results The total positive rate of Toxoplasma antibodies was 28.15%(85/302)in the experimental group,which was significantly higher than that[9.64%(19/197)]in the control group,and the difference was statistically significant(χ2=24.76,P<0.05). The positive rates of TOX?IgM,TOX?IgG and TOX?IgM+TOX?IgG were 6.95%(21/302),18.54%(56/302),and 2.65%(8/302)respectively in the ex?perimental group,which were higher than 2.03%(4/197),7.61%(15/197),and 0%(0/197)respectively in the control group (χ2=6.07,11.67,3.76,all P<0.05). The questionnaire survey showed that the proportions of keeping pets,cutting board re?gardless,liking to eat hot pot or barbecue,eating raw meat,often eating in the restaurant in the pregnant women with Toxoplas?ma infection were higher than those in the pregnant women without Toxoplasma infection,and the differences were statistically significant(χ2=22.57,3.96,5.87,7.40,4.86,all P<0.05),and therefore,the above unhealthy habits may be important risk factors. Conclusions Toxoplasma infection could lead to adverse pregnancy outcomes. Therefore,the above?mentioned unhealthy habits should be avoided,especially during pregnancy period.

Objective To establish the simultaneous determination of arsenic and mercury in the drinking water by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry (HGAFS). Methods The contents of trace arsenic and mercury in drinking water were detected by HGAFS based on optimized working conditions in this assay. The influences of some factors, such as sample pretreatment, pH value and interfering ions in drinking water were analyzed also. Results The detection limit of arsenic, mercury was 0.29 ng/ml and 0.05 ng/ml respectively. The precision (relative standard deviation) of the method was less than 6.8% .The recovery rates ranged from 85.7%～112.6%. The detecting results for standard materials were very much close to the reference values. Conclusion This method was suitable for the detection of arsenic and mercury in drinking water.

Objective To detect the development of fetal nasal bone with ultrasound scan in the second and third trimester, and to evaluate the value of fetal nasal bone hypoplasia in diagnosing fetal chromosomal abnormalities. Methods Prenatal ultrasound examination was performed in 1415 normal fetuses. The nasal bone length (NBL) and the nasal bone angle (NBA) were measured on the mid-sagittal plane. The karyotype of the cases with nasal bone abnormality was analyzed. Results The fetal nasal bone was successfully detected with two-dimensional ultrasonography in 95% of the subjects. The NBL increased with the gestational age while the NBA kept unchanged with the average value of 54. 4?(44. 4?-69. 2?). Forty-two cases with nasal bone hypoplasia were diagnosed prenatally including nasal bone defect (20 cases), small NBA (15 cases), short nasal bone (4 cases) and short nasal bone with small NBA (3 cases). Cordocentesis was performed in 21 cases among which 12 with abnormal karyotype, including 3 cases of trisomy 21, 3 cases of trisomy 13, 4 cases of trisomy 18 and 3 other chromosomal abnormalities. Conclusions Fetal nasal bone hypoplasia was closely related to the chromosomal abnormalities. The evaluation of fetal nasal bone with prenatal sonography is an important criteria for screening fetal chromosome abnormalities during the mid-trimester.

Objective To expore the mechanism of low-dose interfone-γ(IFN-γ) influences on differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cell. Methods The cerebral cortex samples were obtained from one day old SD rats to form mixed single cell suspensions. After culturing in full medium for 7 to 10 days, succession and differential velocity adherent technique were performed to acquire oligodendrocyte precursor cell and cultured in serum-free medium. IFN-γ, AG490 and Fludarabine were added during the culture of oligodendrocyte precursor cell and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, Western blot and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate the expression of intracellular P27kip1 and its influence on the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cell. Results (1)The expression of P27kip1 mRNA and protein was lower in IFN-γ group than in control group (t=85. 535, P<0. 05;t= 12. 481, P<0. 05), while the expression of P27kip1 mRNA and protein in IFN-γ+AG490 group and IFN-γ+Fludarabine group were both higher than those in IFN-γ group (P<0. 05). (2) The phosphorylation levels of JAK2/STAT1 in INF-γ group were higher than that in the other three groups (P<0. 05). (3) The percentage of myelin basic protein positive cells was (68. 42 ± 2. 53)% in IFN-γ group, lower than that in control group [(88.21 ± 1.97)%](t=10.682, P < 0.05). Myelin basic protein positive cells in IFN-γ + AG490 group were (57. 63 ±2. 75) %, lower than those in the IFN-γ group. The same figure in IFN-γ+Fludarabine group were (79. 53±4. 15)% , higher than those in IFN-γ group (t = 3.957, P<0.05). Conclusions Low-dose IFN-γ can regulate the expression of intracellular P27kip1 through JAK2/STAT1 signal transduction pathway and Fludarabine may participate in this process and improve the differentiation and maturation of oligodendrocyte precursor cell.

Purpose To investigate the expression of Netrin-1 in ovarian serous carcinoma and its c1inicopatho1ogica1 significance. Methods Netrin-1 protein expression was assessed by immunohistochemica1 method in tissue specimens from 20 cases of benign ovari-an serous cystadenomas,13 cases of border1ine ovarian serous neop1asms and 32 cases of ovarian serous carcinomas( OSC). Results The positive proportion of Netrin-1 protein in OSC tissues was significant1y higher than those in border1ine and benign ovarian serous ne-op1asms(P<0. 01). The expression of Netrin-1 in OSC tissues was associated with tumor grade and c1inica1 stage(P<0. 05),but not associated with age,site,tumor size or 1ymph node metastasis( P>0. 05). Kap1an-Meier ana1ysis showed that the 5-year surviva1 rate of patients with Netrin-1 over-expression was significant1y 1ower than that of patients with 1ower expression( P<0. 05 ). Conclu-sions The high expression of Netrin-1 in OSC tissues indicates that Netrin-1 p1ays an important ro1e in cancer pathogenesis and deve1-opment and it may be a new assistant marker for prognosis of OSC.