Air Pollution ; adverse effects ; Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic ; etiology

To investigate the effects and mechanism of andrographolide(Andro)on type II diabetic nephropathy in Leprdb/dbmice,levels of urinary protein,serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen after 24 h of Andro(1 mg/kg,ip)treatment on Leprdb/dbmice were measured by kit.The changes on renal pathology and sugar levels in diabetic mice treated by Andro were observed by HE staining and PAS staining.The expression of fibronectin (FN)and NOX-4 protein were analyzed by immunofluorescence.Results showed that levels of urinary protein, serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen in Leprdb / dbmice after Andro treatment for 24 h were significantly lower than those of the control group. Kidney pathologic change was inhibited, and FN and NOX-4 expression were markedly decrease in the Andro group.In conclusion,Andro can significantly reduce the diabetic nephropathy in Leprdb/dbmice with spontaneous type II diabetes mellitus.

Objective To investigate the effect of preparation of shear-thinning CPC/LP nano-composite hydrogel for wound healing by supramolecular interaction of polydopamine(LP)and phy-cocyanin(CPC)based on nano-clayoxidation.Methods LP aggregates were formed by polymeriza-tion of dopamine monomers in weak alkaline oxygen-containing environment of nano-clay dispersion,and then mixed it with multifunctional CPC to form shear-thinning nanocomposite hydrogels by electro-static action and Schiff base.The microstructure,rheological properties,blood compatibility and wound healing effect of hydrogel were studied systematically.Results The gelation performance of CPC/LP nanocomposite hydrogel was related to LP content.When LP content was 3％and CPC con-tent was 0.5％,stable gel could be formed;rheological test results showed that the nanocomposite hydrogel had the properties of shear thinning and self-healing;the results of blood compatibility test showed that the hemolysis rate of the nanocomposite hydrogel was less than 5％,and it had good blood compatibility.In addition,the nanocomposite hydrogel could be injected into the injury site through a smaller needle to promote wound healing.Conclusion CPC/LP nanocomposite hydrogel exhibits excellent injectable properties and can effectively promote wound healing.

Objective To investigate the effect of preparation of shear-thinning CPC/LP nano-composite hydrogel for wound healing by supramolecular interaction of polydopamine(LP)and phy-cocyanin(CPC)based on nano-clayoxidation.Methods LP aggregates were formed by polymeriza-tion of dopamine monomers in weak alkaline oxygen-containing environment of nano-clay dispersion,and then mixed it with multifunctional CPC to form shear-thinning nanocomposite hydrogels by electro-static action and Schiff base.The microstructure,rheological properties,blood compatibility and wound healing effect of hydrogel were studied systematically.Results The gelation performance of CPC/LP nanocomposite hydrogel was related to LP content.When LP content was 3％and CPC con-tent was 0.5％,stable gel could be formed;rheological test results showed that the nanocomposite hydrogel had the properties of shear thinning and self-healing;the results of blood compatibility test showed that the hemolysis rate of the nanocomposite hydrogel was less than 5％,and it had good blood compatibility.In addition,the nanocomposite hydrogel could be injected into the injury site through a smaller needle to promote wound healing.Conclusion CPC/LP nanocomposite hydrogel exhibits excellent injectable properties and can effectively promote wound healing.

Objective: To investigate the effect of triptolide, a specific inhibitor of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), on apatinib resistance in gastric cancer cells line MKN45. Methods: The apatinib-resistant cells (MKN45/AR) and MKN45 parental cells were treated with apatinib, triptolide and apatinib combined with triptolide, respectively. CCK-8 assay was performed to determine the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀) of MKN45/AR and MKN45 cells in the presence of different treatment. The mRNA expression of heat shock protein gene (HSPA1A and HSPA1B) was detected by RT-PCR, while the protein expression of heat shock protein 70 was analyzed using Western blot in MKN45/AR and MKN45 cells. Results: The IC₅₀ values of apatinib-sensitive and apatinib-resistant MKN45 cells were 10.411 μmol/L and 70.527 μmol/L, respectively, showing a significant difference (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of HSPA1A and HSPA1B in MKN45/AR cells was significantly higher than that in MKN45 cells (P<0.001). The protein expression of heat shock protein 70 was significantly decreased after 0.25 μmol/L triptolide treatment in MKN45/AR cells (P<0.01). When heat shock protein 70 was inhibited by triptolide, the IC₅₀ value of apatinib in MKN45/AR cells was reduced to 11.679 μmol/L, which was significantly lower than cells treated with apatinib alone (P<0.05). Conclusions The apatinib-resistant MKN45 cells have high levels of heat shock protein 70. Low doses of triptolide can significantly inhibit heat shock protein 70, leading to reverse the resistance phenotype of MKN45/AR cells. Therefore, inhibition of heat shock protein 70 provides a new therapy strategy for patients with apatinib resistance.