Objective: To investigate the effects of hexamethylene bisacetamide (HMBA) on apoptosis and the expression of bcl-2 in human mucoepidermoid carcinoma cell line MEC-1. Methods:MEC-1 cells were oxposed to 2 mmol/L HMBA or 1 mg/L 5 -Flourouracil (5 -FU ) for 72 hours. A poptosis index, the expression of bcl-2 protein and bcl-1 mRNA were determined by morphologic observation, terminal dUTP nick and labeling(TUNEL) stain, immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and image analysis. Results: Apoptosis indexes(%) in HMBA treated. 5-Fu treated and control cells were 68.5, 23.6 and 2.3 respectevely. The expression of bcl-2 protein and bcl-2 mRNA in HMBA treated cells was higher than in 5-Fu treated or the control cells(p

A molecularly imprinted film ( MIF) was prepared on the surface plasmon resonance ( SPR) sensor chip for the detection of testosterone. The nanometer imprinted film was synthesized by surface grafting approach. First, the gold sensor chip was modified with an iniferter of benzyl diethyldithiocarbamate to create the “grafting from” polymeric surface. Grafting of the MIF onto the SPR chip was subsequently achieved through ultraviolet light-initiated copolymerization of methacrylic acid ( functional monomer ) and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate ( crosslinker ) in the presence of testosterone as a model template. The template molecules were then removed to form a MIF with specific recognition sites for testosterone. With this iniferter technique , self-aggregation in the reaction solution phase was avoided and grafting polymerization was confined to the exterior of the chip surface. The grafting process was implemented by in situ monitoring with SPR, which permitted the thickness of the film to be easily and strictly controlled. The chip surface modified with a testosterone-imprinted film was characterized by the methods of polarization modulation infrared reflection absorption spectroscopy ( PM-IRRAS ) and atomic force microscopy ( AFM ) . According to the results, testosterone-imprinted film modification of the SPR chip was achieved by the distribution of numerous homogeneous, nanoscale holes on the surface. The testosterone-imprinted film was applied on a SPR sensor chip for the detection of testosterone in the range of 2 . 5 í 10-16 to 2 . 5 í 10-6 mol/L in acetonitrile with the lowest determining concentration of 2. 5 í 10-16 mol/L. Adsorption experiments showed that there were two kinds of binding sites in the MIF, and the linear correlations between the changes in reflectivity and the concentration of testosterone were y=19. 69 + 1. 21x(R2=0. 9913) and y=11. 5 + 0. 45x(R2=0. 9895), respectively. Control experiments utilizing estradiol, estriol, and progesterone as analogues showed impressive selectivity and specificity for testosterone determination. The testosterone-imprinted film reproducibility was evaluated with five cycles of rinsing-rebinding and the RSD was 16 . 8% and 11 . 2% for the SPR angle changes in rinsing and rebinding respectively, demonstrating that the MIF-modified SPR sensor had good reproducibility and repeatability. Finally, the SPR sensor was successfully used to determine testosterone in artificial urine samples with recoveries from 85 . 2% to 92 . 8%.

China ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; surgery ; Humans ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures

Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37) and Xiajuxu (ST 39) are considered as the lower He-sea points, which are located along the leg lines of stomach meridian of foot Yangming from top to bottom. According to the corresponding zang-fu of lower He-sea points, the distribution order from top to bottom is stomach, large intestine and small intestine. This is significantly different from digestive physiology function sequence of stomach, small intestine and large intestine in modern medicine. However, it conforms to their anatomical position from top to bottom. In order to make a further confirmation that the indication specificity of Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37) and Xiajuxu (ST 39) is closely associated with anatomical location, a great number of ancient and modern literature is reviewed. It is found that the functions of the three acupoints are obviously related to stomach, large intestine and small intestine, respectively, indicating that the sequence of Zusanli (ST 36), Shangjuxu (ST 37) and Xiajuxu (ST 39) is related to anatomical position of corresponding zang-fu. This study conclusion could play an important role for exploring the significance of anatomical location in indication specificity of acupoints.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Intestine, Large ; physiopathology ; Medicine in Literature ; Meridians ; Stomach ; physiopathology

Objective:To explore the effect of tectorigenin on myocardial fibrosis(MF) in the rats and clarify the related mechanism,and to provide reference for its clinical application. Methods:Sixty Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal control group,model group,positive drug (capropril) control group, and low,middle,high doses of tectorigenin groups(n=10).Except normal control group, the rats in other groups were used to construct MF models by subcutaneous injection of 5 mg·kg -1·d -1 isoproterenol (Iso) for 7 d.The rats in tectorigenin groups and captopril group were intragastricly administrated with different doses of tectorigenin (25,50,100 mg·kg-1·d-1)and captopril(10 mg·kg -1·d -1) from the second day after modeling for consecutive 28 d.Bl-420E+ biological function experiment system was used to detect the heart function;Heart mass index (HMI) and left ventricular mass index (LVMI) were measured after experiment.UV detection was used to measure the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in myocardial tissue.Microplate reader was used to measure the activities of lactic dehydrogenase(LDH) and creatine kinase(CK) and the levels of nitric oxide (NO)in serum.ELISA were used to detect the levels of collagen typeⅠ(ColⅠ) and collagen type Ⅲ (Col Ⅲ) in myocardium tissue of the rats.The pathological changes of myocardium tissue of the rats in various groups were observed by HE staining.Results:Compared with normal control group,the HR of rats in model groups was increased,and the left ventricular systolic pressure (LVSP) was decreased(P<0.01);the HMI and LVMI were increased(P<0.05),the levels of MDA in left ventricular myocardial tissue was increased(P<0.01),and the activity of SOD was decreased,the levels of serum ColⅠ,Col Ⅲ and the activities of LDH , CK were also increased(P<0.01);the level of NO in serum was decreased(P<0.01).Compared with model groups, the HR were decreased,LVSP were increased, and HMI and LVMI of the rats in different doses of tectorigenin groups were decreased in a dose-dependent manner;the levels of MDA were reduced;the activities of SOD were increased in myocardium tissue,and the CK activities and the ColⅠ and ColⅢ levels were decreased(P<0.05 or P<0.01);the LDH activities in middle and high doses of tectorgenin groups were decreased(P<0.01);and the levels of NO in serum in different doses of tectorigenin groups were significantly increased(P<0.05 or P<0.01) .Conclusion:Tectorigenin could inhibit the MF induced by Iso in the rats, and its mechanism may be related to antioxidation,scavenging free radical and inhibition of collagen synthesis.

Recently, drug delivery materials have become the hotspot of medical study. Suitable delivery material plays an important role in constructing an excellent drug delivery system. Silk fibroin is a naturally occurring protein polymer with excellent biocompatibility, remarkable mechanical properties, biodegradability and outstanding processability. Due to its unique properties, silk fibroin has become a favorable carrier material for the incorporation and delivery of a range of therapeutic agents. Based on the structure and characteristics of silk fibroin, this article provides an overview of the recent research progress of silk fibroin used as drug delivery materials.
Biocompatible Materials ; Drug Delivery Systems ; Fibroins ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the protective effect of taurine on primary cultured neonatal rat myocardial cells and the inhibitory effect on cardiac fibroblast proliferation.Methods The myocardial cells were divided into six groups:control group,H_2O_2 damage group,H_2O_2 damage group treated with ligustrazine and H_2O_2 damage group treated with taurine with different doses(80,40 and 20 mmol?L~(-1)).Morpholoical changes of myocardial cells damaged for 6 h by 0.5 mmol?L ~(-1) H_2O_2 under the inverted microscope were observed.Meanwhile,cell survival ability and the contents of LDH,SOD and MDA were measured.Cardiac fibroblasts were randomly divided into(7 groups) and co-cultured for 72 h with taurine with doses of 0,10,20,40,80,160 and 320 mmol?L~(-1) and proliferation ability was assessed by MTT method.Results Absorption values in H_2O_2 damage groups treated with taurine(80,40 and 20 mmol?L~(-1)) were 0.479?0.055,0.437?0.052 and 0.421?0.062,respectively.They were higer than that in H_2O_2 damage group(0.304?0.050)(P

Objective　To analyse the development of mouse kidney. Method　Sterological methods were used in this study.Results　The nephrogenic zone appeared in 14th day's kidney of the fetus development, medulla could be found in the late stage of fetus development kidney and developed after birth. Inner medulla were observed on 21st day after birth, nephrogenic zone disappeared on 7th day after birth. Morphometric analysis proves that medulla developed mainly after birth, cortex volume also developed rapidly after birth, especially after 21st day postnatally, the development of corpuscle number was finished before 7th day postnatally. Conclusion　The development of mouse kidney begins on 14th day of embryo and stops on 21st day after birth, the period of the medulla development is between E 18 days and 21 days after birth.

Objective To assess the histological characteristics of cervical cancer using intravoxel incoherent motion magnetic resonance imaging ( IVIMMRI) and to investigate the performance of IVIMMRI in evaluation of the efficacy of concurrent chemoradiotherapy in the treatment of intermediate/advanced cervical cancer. Methods Pelvic MRI scans, containing T2WI, IVIM (14 b values, b=0?1 000 s/mm2), and contrast?enhanced T1 scans were performed in 23 patients pathologically diagnosed with intermediate/advanced cervical cancer ( stage ≥Ⅱb ) before chemoradiotherapy, after two and four weeks of treatment, and at the end of treatment. The IVIMMRI data were processed with the bi?exponential model to generate three parameters, containing pure diffusion coefficient ( D ) , pseudodiffusion coefficient ( D?) , and perfusion fraction ( f ) . Apparent diffusion coefficient ( ADC ) was obtained using the mono?exponential model. The IVIMMRI parameters were measured at each time point and their dynamics and correlation were analyzed. Results The ADC, D, and f values were significantly higher after complete treatment ( 0?96 × 10-3 vs. 1?77 × 10-3 mm2/s, P=0?000;0?76 × 10-3 vs. 1.34± 0?12 × 10-3 mm2/s, P=0?000;0?14% vs. 0?24%, P=0?012). The above three values significantly increased after two weeks of treatment (all P=0?000) and kept increasing until the end of the treatment. In contrast, the D? value was reduced from the second week to the end of the treatment. Conclusions IVIMMRI can monitor the dynamic functional changes and early tumor responses during chemoradiotherapy for cervical cancer, which holds promise for clinical application.

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of liver X receptor ( LXR ) agonist on expression of fatty acid synthase( FAS) in diabetic kidney. Methods In the part of in vivo study, immunostaining was used to detect the FAS protein expression in kidney. 16-week-old male db/db mice on C57BL/6 background were administered via gavage a LXR synthetic agonist, TO901317, at a dose of 3 mg · kg-1 · d-1 or vehicle ( 0. 5%Carboxymethyl Cellulose Sodium, CMC-Na) alone for 7 d;Quantitative RT-PCR and Western blot were used to detect mRNA and protein levels of FAS and SREBP-1. In the part of in vitro study, MCT cell(a mouse murine proximal tubule cell line)was treated with 10μmol/L TO901317 for 24 h or transfected with active SREBP-1c expression vector (SREBP-1cN). HEK293 cells(a human renal tubule cell line)were transfected with mFAS-(1. 7 kb)-luc, LXR expression vector or SREBP-1cN for 12 h. Quantitative RT-PCR and luciferase reproter assay were utilized to examine FAS mRNA level and FAS promoter activity. Results FAS was abundantly expressed in renal cortex, with low expresson in renal glomeruli. The mRNA and protein expressious of FAS in kidney of db/db mice were lowered compared with db/m mice. TO90137 treatment increased FAS mRNA expression by 1. 3-fold. TO901317 increased expression of SREBP-1 in kidneys of db/m and db/db mice by 5. 1-fold and 17-fold, respectively. TO901317 and overexpression of SREBP-1c increased expression of FAS in MCT cells by 1. 5-fold and 1. 8-fold. Transcription activity of FAS were induced by TO901317, LXR, and SREBP-1cN overexpressions in HEK293 cells. Conclusions Both direct(LXRE)and indirect(SREBP-1c)mechanisms may contribute to the up-regulation of FAS expression by LXR in renal proximal tubule cells.