AIM: To investigate the effect of urokinase plasminogen activator (uPA) on metastasis inhibition of gastric cancer SGC7901cells induced by parthenolide. METHODS: The changes of SGC7901 cells reproductive activity were analyzed by MTT. Light microscope was used to observe the cell morphological changes. The effects of parthenolide on migration and invasion capacity of SGC7901 cells were determined by using matrigel and transwell system. The expression of uPA was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR assays. RESULTS: Parthenolide inhibited the proliferation of SGC7901 cells in a time-and concentration -dependent manner ranging from 100 to 200 ?mol/L. Light microscopy showed the suppressing effect on growth of SGC7901 cells. After exposed to parthenolide, the migration and invasion capacity of SGC7901 cells were significantly decreased, the number of cells gradually decreased through the basement membrance. The Western blot assay showed that the expression of uPA protein declined gradually after exposed to parthenolide for various period of time. CONCLUSION: Parthenolide can inhibit the growth and metastasis activity of SGC7901 cells, and uPA played an important role in the latter process.

Objective To summarize the strategies for perioperative nursing of the patients with radical resection of esophageal carcinoma under combination of thoracoscopy and laparoscopy.Method Eighteen patients with radical resection of esophageal carcinoma were treated with a combination of thoracoscopy and laparoscopy and their histories were retrospectively reviewed.Results Before the operation,nursing care focused on psychological nursing and preparations of operating room and various operating instruments.During the operation,the key nursing points included position care,proper cooperation with doctors,strict aseptic procedures and non-tumor techniques to reduce postoperative infections and dissemination of tumor cells.All the patients lived through the successful operations,their recovery satisfactory.The blood loss ranged from 100 mL to 300 mL,averaged(225.00±24.30)mL. Conclusions Radical resection of esophageal carcinoma under the combination of thoracoscopy and laparoscopy is technically feasible and safe.The perioperative nursing care is important for the improvement of operative success.

BACKGROUND: Caspase-3 is well recognized as the key caspase carrying out apoptosis in animal and human brain. To date, a few studies revealed the expression of caspase-3 protein in brains of normal persons and Alzheimer patients but data obtained from rodents exhibited much discrepancy.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the different expression patterns of caspase-3in rodent and monkey brain, and the different expression of caspase-3 in different brain regions and during aging in monkeys.DESIGN: Parallel comparison between means of single variable.SETTING: Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Department of Anatomy, the Chinese University of Hong Kong.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out from August, 2003 to February, 2005 in Institute of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital and Department of Anatomy, the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Sprague Dawley rats, ICR mice and senescence-accelerated mice (SAM) with ages ranging from postnatal 2, 12, 24 to 48 weeks(n=5 for each age group of different rodents) were included in the present study. All of these animals were supplied by Laboratory Animal Services Center, the hinese University of Hong Kong. Totally 8 rhesus monkeys aged 4 years (n=4) or 20 years (n=4) were selected from the Laboratory Animal Center in Chinese PLA General Hospital [SCXK-(Beijing)2003-002]. Both ro dents and monkeys were female and were raised under standard conditions without any experimental interventions. METHODS: ①Brain tissue samples were taken freshly from both rodents and monkeys and made into homogenate. The expression of caspase-3 pro tein in brains of both rodents and monkeys was investigated with im munoblot. ② The expression levels in monkey brains were exhibited quantitatively with the same method in three brain regions, such as the frontal cortex, hippocampus and cerebellar cortex, for the two age-groups. In vivo distribution patterns of caspase-3-immunoreactive cells were further presented in 3 brain regions of monkeys through immunohistochemistry. MAIN OUTCOME MEATURES: ①Detection of caspase-3 protein with immunoblot in the brain of rodents and monkeys; ② Distribution patterns of caspase-3-immunoreactive cells in 3 brain regions of monkeys. RESULTS: ① Result of detection with immunoblot: The same pattern of caspase-3 protein expression in brain of three kinds of 2-week-old rodents. But the expression was not seen in any other brains of older ages. Caspase 3 was expressed in a relatively high level inboth adult and aged monkey brains, and the amount did not attain to the level in 2-week-old rodents. Caspase-3 Was expressed in the pattern of zymogen (Mr 32 000). The ex pressions of caspase-3 in brains of monkey were not different in ages and brain regions. ②Result of Immunohistochemistry: It was showed that most neurons in the frontal cortex lack detectable caspase-3 immunoreactivity, whereas low to moderate caspase-3 immunostaining be found mainly in pyramidal cells in CA1, CA3 and CA4 subfields of hippocampus. And in the cerebellum, a small number of Purkinje cells were strongly stained in their cytosol and dendrites. Age-related expression pattern of caspase-3 were not found except that in the motor cortex of aged monkeys in which there were a limited number of large pyramidal cells in layer Ⅴ that were strongly stained with caspase-3 antibody.③ Immunoblot procedure revealed that the caspase-3 protein expressed in monkey brains is in the form of zymogen (Mr 32 000) and there is no significant difference in caspase-3 expression level as a function of either brain region or age of animals.CONCLUSION: Unlike rodents in which caspase-3 protein rapidly drops to an undetectable level since animals grow up, the primate expresses caspase-3 constitutively in brain until the late period of lifetime. But there are no significant brain region- or age-related differences in the protein levels in monkey brain.

BACKGROUND:Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s are considered as novel seed cel s in bone tissue engineering. Cryopreservation is an effective method for storing cel s for a long time.
OBJECTIVE:To explore whether umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s of cryopreservation could be induced to differentiated into osteoblasts.
METHODS:Mesenchymal stem cel s were isolated from the Wharton’s jel y of human umbilical cord tissue by the tissue explant adherent method. Morphology of primitive cel s was observed by inverted microscopy. Immunophenotypes and cel cycle of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s were measured using flow cytometry. After frozen storage for 6 months, the second passage of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s was thawed and subcultured to passage 12. Upon induction with osteogenic inductive medium, the osteogenic ability of passage 12 of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel was evaluated by alkaline phosphatase activity, the immunofluorescent analysis of osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein and the assay of alizarin red staining separately.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Primary umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s displayed a typical fibroblast-like morphology. Flow cytometry showed that the cultured cel s expressed high levels of the mesenchymal stem cel s surface markers CD73, CD105 and CD90, but did not express hematopoietic cel s surface markers CD34 and CD45. The survival rate of umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s after resuscitation was 90%. The cel cycle analysis indicated that 75%of the cel s of passage 8 were in G 0/G 1 phase and 25%in S+G 2 M phase. Passage 12 cel s treated with osteogenic inductive medium displayed a higher alkaline phosphatase activity compared with control cel s (P<0.01). Moreover, the cel s, induced in osteogenic inductive medium, were positive for osteocalcin and bone sialoprotein staining and formed the mineralized nodules. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cel s stil maintain their biological characteristics after cryopreservation, and can be induced into osteoblasts with osteogenic inductive medium.

Objective To study the impact of ribavirin cumulative dose on virological response rates in genotype 1 hepatitis C virus(HCV)infected patients.Methods The medical records of 225 genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C(CHC)patients treated with peginterferon α-2a plus ribavirin were retrospectively analyzed.These patients were divided into four groups according to ribavirin cumulative dose:>97%,80%-97%,60%-79%and<60%of standard cumulative dose.The relationship between ribavirin cumulative dose and virological response rates was studied.Data as analyzed by chisquare test or F test.Results The incidence of ribavirin cumulative dose<97%was 43.1%(97/225),which was higher than peginterferon alfa-2a(27.1%,61/225)(x2=12.641,P=0.001).The sustained virological response rate(SVR)was 27.8%(5/18)in group of ribavirin cumulative dose <60%,which was much lower than those in groups of ribavirin cumulative dose>97%(65.6%,84/128),80%-97%(60.5%,26/43),60%-79%(58.3%,21/36)(x2=9.538,P=0.023).The relapse rate was 61.5%(8/13)in group of ribavirin cumulative dose<60%,which was significantly higher than those in groups of ribavirin cumulative dose>97%(20.0%,21/105),80%-97%(23.5% ,8/34),60%-79%(27.6%,8/29)(x2=10.837,P-0.013).Among patients achieved rapid virological response(RVR),SVR in groups of ribavirin cumulative dose>97%,80%-97%,60%-79%and<60 % of standard dose were 92.0%(23/25),88.9%(8/9),85.7%(6/7)and 75.0%(3/4),respectively(x2=1.098,P=0.778).Conclusiom Mlid reduction of ribavirin dose not affect SVR of genotype 1 HCV infected patients.However,the relapse rate is high and SVR is low in patients treated with ribavirin cumulative dose<60% of standard dose.

Objective To investigate the corelation between neutropenia (ANC) incidence and infection during treatment with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C.Methods A retrospective cohort study of 399 patients treated with peginterferon and ribavirin derived from database of Department of Infectious Diseases, the Second Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University was conducted.The incidence of infections and their relation with ANC were investigated.Potential risk factors for infection were identified by multivariate analysis.Results During treatment,neutropenia (ANC ＜ 1.50 ×109/L) occurred in 251 patients.Among which,mild neutropenia [ANC: ( ＞ 0.75-＜ 1.50) x 109/L],moderate neutropenia [ANC: ( 0.50-0.75 ) × 109/L]and severe neutropenia ( ANC ＜ 0.50 × 109/L)occurred in 132 patients,103 patients and 16 patients,respectively.A total of 80 infections (20.1％ )occurred,among which,14 infections were defined as severe.There was no significant difference in infection rate between patients with and without neutropenia ( 19.9％,50/251 vs 20.3％,50/251 ; x2 =0.007,P =0.933).There was no significant difference in infection rate between patients with and without peginterferon dose reduction ( 21.5％,31/144 vs 19.2％,49/255 ; x2 =0.307,P =0.580 ).In multivariate logistic regression analysis,the independent factors associated with infection were age (P =0.021),diabetes (P =0.004) and cirrhosis (P =0.012).Conclusions Infections during treatment with peginterferon alfa and ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C are irrelevant to neutropenia.The independent factors associated with infection are age,diabetes and cirrhosis.

Objective To explore the value of the use of the vacuum sealing drainage technology (VSD) in the dermatoplasty for large area of cutaneous defects.Methods By a prospective randomized study,64 patients with large area of cutaneous defects were randomly divided into traditional packaging group (dermatoplasty with the traditional dermatoplastic package method,n =32) and VSD group( dermatoplasty with the vacuum sealing drainage technology,n =32).Operating time,survival.rate of skin graft and wound infection were compared between these two groups.Results There was no significant difference in the operation time between the two groups( [77 ± 16]min vs [83 ± 12] min,P =0.06).The survival rate of skin graft and wound infection in VSD group were significantly better than those in traditional packaging group( survival rate of skin graft:(6±1)％ vs (20±7)％,P＜0.001;wound infection cases:1 vs6,P=0.039).Conclusion Treating large area of cutaneous defects by the dermatoplasty with VSD technology could significantly improve clinical efficacy.

Objective To discover the reciprocal regulation and its molecular mechanism of estro-gen, IL-6 and IL-8 in ovarian cancer cells. Methods Based on our previous studies, the effect of 17β-estradiol (E2) on the expression levels of IL-6, IL-8 and their respective receptors was investigated. Mean-while, the effect of IL-6/IL-8 on estrogen receptor (ER) expression and estrogen-dependent transcriptional activation was analyzed. Gene expression profile analysis revealed that CAOV-3 and OVCAR-3 cells, which express ER, IL-6 and IL-8 receptors, were suitable models for this study. Results We found that E2 not only enhanced IL-6/IL-8 secretion via NF-κB signaling pathway, but also modulated IL-6 and IL-8 receptors expression. Tamoxifen (Txf), an ER antagonist, completely abolished E2-stimulated IL-6/IL-8 expression. On the other hand, in the absence of estrogen, both cytokines increased ERα expression, decreased ERβ ex-pression, and activated estrogen-dependent transcriptional activation, which was completely blocked by Txf. Pretreatment of OVCAR-3 with p38 MAPK, MEK1/2 or ErbB2 MAPK inhihitors, respectively, IL-6-media-ted ER activation was blocked, while IL-8-indueed ER activation was blocked by Src inhibitor. Conclusion These data suggest that estrogen, IL-6 and IL-8 may form a mutual amplifying signaling which contributes to the growth and development of ovarian carcinoma.

Objective To systematically review the effect of ω-polyunsaturated fatty acids-supplemented nutrition support on the immune function and nutritional status of patients with gastrointestinal malignancies.Methods Databases of MEDLINE,EMBASE,Cochrance Central register of controlled trials,China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI),China Biology Medicine disc (CBM) were searched.The search words were omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids,fish oil,cancer,turmor,neoplasms in English or Chinese.All the high quality randomized controlled trials were included after assessed with Jadad scale.RevMan 5.2 was used for statistical analysis.Results Altogether 12 studies were included.Meta-analysis results showed that CD4+％ (I2 =0％,95％ CI=3.44～6.93,Z=5.82,P＜0.00001),CD8+％ (I2 =0％,95％ CI=2.44～7.13,Z=4.00,P＜0.000 1),CD4+％/CD8+％ (I2 =74％,95％ CI=0.16～0.83,Z=2.87,P=0.004),IgA (I2=14％,95％ CI=0.21 ～0.43,Z=5.84,P＜0.00001),prealbumin (I2 =0％,95％CI =0.02 ～ 0.05,Z =3.94,P ＜ 0.000 1) in the treatment group were higher than in the control group,C-reactive protein (I2 =76％,95％ CI =-21.33 ～-5.03,Z =3.17,P =0.002) in the treatment group was lower than in the control group,the differences were all statistically significant.But there were no statistically significant differences in CD3 + ％ (I2 =0％,95％ CI =-3.50 ～ 2.56,Z =0.31,P =0.76),IgG (I2 =92％,95％ CI=-0.32 ～5.54,Z=1.74,P=0.08),IgM (I2 =99％,95％ CI=-0.52～1.89,Z=1.11,P=0.27),total protein (I2 =0％,95％CI=-4.08 ～1.77,Z=0.78,P=0.44),albumin (I2 =29％,95％ CI=-0.87 ～1.45,Z=0.49,P=0.63),transferrin (I2 =0％,95％ CI=-0.23～0.19,Z =0.19,P =0.85) between treatment and control groups.Conclusion Omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids can improve the perioperative immune function of patients with gastrointestinal malignant tumor,reduce inflammatory and stress reactions,but have no obvious effect on the improvement of the nutritional status.

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of Dushen Decoction and Zhenwu Decoction in the treatment of chronic congestive heart failure (CCHF) of Yang deficiency and blood stasis type. Methods:From March 2017 to December 2019, 120 patients with CCHF of Yang-deficiency and blood stasis type admitted to Shanghai Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine were selected, and they were divided into study group and control group according to the randomized number table method, with 60 in each group. The control group was given western medicine of conventional treatment, and the study group was combined with Dushen Decoction and Zhenwu Decoction on the basis of the control group. Both groups were treated for 1 month. Before and after treatment, TCM syndrome scores were performed, serum TNF-α, IL-17 and CRP were detected by ELISA, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular end diastolic diameter (LVEDD) and left ventricular end systolic diameter (LVESD) were detected by color doppler echocardiography the adverse reactions during the treatment were recorded and the clinical efficacy was evaluated. Results:The total effective rate was 91.7% (55/60) in the study group and 71.7% (43/60) in the control group, with significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=8.015, P=0.005). After treatment, the scores of palpitation, dyspnea, chilly limbs, dull tongue and edema in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=13.953, 13.915, 30.945, 32.339, 20.403, P<0.001). After treatment, LVEF [(56.28 ± 4.34)% vs. (42.47 ± 4.56)%, t=16.993] in the study group was significantly higher than that of the control group ( P<0.01); LVEDD [(44.32 ± 6.23) mm vs. (53.81 ± 5.19) mm, t=9.066] and LVESD [(31.28 ± 4.62) mm vs. (37.51 ± 4.73) mm, t=7.299] in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.01). After treatment, the serum levels of TNF-α, IL-17 and CRP in the study group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( t=12.644, 15.975 and 14.379, P<0.001). The incidence of adverse reactions was 6.7% (4/60) in the control group and 8.3% (5/60) in the study group, and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( χ2=0.120, P=0.729). Conclusion:Dushen Decoction and Zhenwu Decoction in the treatment of CCHF can improve the clinical symptoms, improve the cardiac function, reduce inflammatory factors, improve the treatment efficiency with good safety.