BACKGROUND:Whether there are breast cancer stem cel microspheres in the breast cancer tissues and whether these microspheres have an impact on isolation and culture of breast cancer stem cel s after different cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy are stil unclear. OBJECTIVE:To explore the proliferation and differentiation of breast cancer stem cel s in breast cancer tissues after different cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy. METHODS:Breast cancer stem cel microspheres were isolated from the breast cancer tissues after different cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy to drawn a cel growth curve. Immunocytochemical method was used to detect ALDH1 expression. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Microspheres could be obtained from the specimens of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for two, three and four cycles rather than one cycle. At 3 days prior to culture, there was no difference in the number of cel s isolated after two-and three-cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy;but after 3 days, the cel s from the three-cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy proliferated faster than those from the two-cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy;after 6 days, the cel growth curve of two-cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy was in the plateau stage, and the proliferation of cel s from the three-cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy showed a rapid increase trend. The positive expression of ALDH1 in the microspheres from the three-cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy was higher than that from the two-cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy. These findings indicate that breast cancer stem cel s from the specimens of two-and three-cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy both have proliferation and differentiation potentials, and the specimens of three-cycle neoadjuvant chemotherapy or above are preferred.

The morbidity and nortality of esophageal carcinoma showed an upward trend in recent years.Neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy is the nain mode of treatment for advanced esophageal carcinoma,including neoadjuvant chemotherapy,neoadjuvant radiotherapy and neoadjuvant radiochemotherapy.However,there are still many controversies on efficacies and advantages or disadvantages of treatment mode.In this article,authors will investigate the present situations and future direction of neoadjuvant therapy for locally advanced esophageal carcinoma.

Objective To explore the role and their relationship of Ki-67, VEGF and p27 expressed in adult patients with acute leukemia. Methods The expression of Ki-67, VEGF and p27 in bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMNC) were analyzed by immunocytochemical staining, and their correlations of Ki-67, VEGF and p27 were statistically analyzed. Results The expression of Ki-67(42.48±25.78)% or VEGF (44.89±24.01)% on BMMNC from acute leukemia cells was significantly higher than that in the control (11.40±9.94)% or (16.90±12.54)% (P<0.01). But the expression of p27 (23.65±13.30)% was significantly lower than that in the control (50.23±22.68)% (P<0.01). The expressions of Ki-67 were positively correlated with and VEGF in patients with acute leukemia were positively correlated(r=-0.666, P<0.01), and the expressions of Ki-67 and p27 were negatively correlated with p27 in patients with acute leukemia (r=-0.316, P<0.05).Conclusion The evaluation of expression of Ki-67, VEGF and p27 on acute leukemic cells provides new insights to the pathogenesis is helpful in mechanism and is helpful in the diagnosis of acute leukemia.

Objective To investigate whether there are correlations between working memory impairmentand fractional anisotropy values and to explore the neuropathology underlying that the patients of depression suffered from memory impairment.Methods Thirty depression patients and 30 healthy controls group-matched by age,educational level were conducted the study.Mean correct reaction time(mRT)was recorded when they performed a One-Back Working Memory Task and fractional anisotropy(FA)values was recorded when they performed the diffusion tensor imaging.Statistics analysis was done respectively for mRT and FA values between two groups.Results Relative to mean correct reaction time((612.45±54.08)ms)of controls,the mean correct reaction time ((720.25±57.02)ms)of patients with depression was much longer(P＜0.05)and the patients with depression had a lower FA values in the white matter of both frontal lobe,anterior cingulate gyrus,supramarginal gyrus,splenium of corpus callosum(P＜0.05),and the FA values in the white matter of both frontal lobe were significantly negative correlated with mRT(r=-0.604,P＜0.05).Conclusion The impairment of white matter region may be one of the neuropathology underlying that the depression patients suffer from memory impairment.

Objective To prepare transferring and R8 co-modified liposome (TF/R8-LP)for forhepatoma targeting.Methods The co-modified liposome were prepared by film-ultrasonic method.The appearance,particle size,Zeta potential were evaluated.The cellular uptake by HepG2 cell in vitro was used to evaluate the targeting efficiency and in vivo imaging were used to evaluate the targeting efficiency. Results The particle diameter of the co-modified liposome was(108.5 ±12.6)nm and the Zeta potential was(24.15 ±4.78)mV.The liposome kept stable in 50% FBS at 24 h.The result demonstrated that the co-modified liposome uptaken by HepG2 were 2.4,2.6 times higher than that of R8-LP and TF-LP,respectively(P<0.05).The evaluation of tumor spheroid penetration and in vivo imaging results showed the co-modified liposome had the strongest fluorescence intensity. Conclusion The co-modified liposome might serve as a promising hepatoma delivery system of antitumor drugs.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of co-infection in initial treatment acute leukemia induction chemotherapy.Methods The clinical features of 179 untreated acute leukemia patients with nosocomial infection were analyzed after combined chemotherapy.Results In the 179 patients,151cases achieved complete remission,the complete remission rate was 84.4 ％,82 cases suffered from nosocomial infections,the incidence of infection was 45.8 ％.The sites of infection were oral,anal,lung,as well as primary foci was not clear bacteremia.In 428 specimens,the isolated bacterial colony counted a total of 66,the number of fungal colonies was 9,the bacterial colony was G-bacteria-based.G-bacteria had different degrees of resistance to many antibiotics.Extended-spectrum β-lactamases strains had not been detected in these specimens.Conclusion Acute leukemia patients is easy to co-infection after chemotherapy.Control and prevention of nosocomial infections should run throughout the entire treatment process,application of laminar flow bed helps reduce the newly diagnosed acute leukemia patients with nosocomial infection incidence.

Objective To investigate the characteristics and relative pathogenesis of cognitive impairment in people with depression.Methods 24 people with depression and 24 healthy controls were evaluated respectively with HAMD scale,the WCST test,N-BACK task P300 and fMRI.Results (1) The WCST scores,N-back reaction (MRT),the P300 incubation period in depression group were significantly different from those in control group(P300 wave amplitude(4.12± 1.51) μV vs (6.42± 1.73) μV ; P300 latency(392.02±23.60) ms vs (309.43± 21.39) ms,t=4.922,P＜0.01 ; t=12.726,P＜0.01).(2) The illness course had positive correlation with Rep(r=0.596,P＜0.01) and mRT(r=0.518,P＜0.01).The P300 latency had positive correcation with Rpe(r=0.929,P＜ 0.01) and mRT(r=0.939,P＜0.01).(3)Compared with control group,the decreased activation area in patients with depression were as follows:bilateral frontal gyrus,left middle frontal gyrus,inferior frontal gyrus and superior parietal lobule.Conclusion The depressive patients exist cognitive impairment mainly in frontal lobe.The longer with the illness,the wose with the impairment.P300 incubation period is a sensitive indicator of the frontal executive function.

Objective To analyze the diagnosis and prognosis value of abdominal CT scans in patients with acute pancreatitis complications.Methods 151 cases with acute pancreatitis were selected.The relationship between abdominal CT performances and the common complications and death in patients was analyzed.The prognosis of patients with different Balthazar CT severity index (CTSI) grade was compared.Results The complication rate of patients with CT signs of fatty liver, pleural effusion, liver gap effusion, adrenal gland involvement (AGI), penirenal space involvement (PSI) and gastric bare area involvement (GBAI) was significantly higher than that of patients with negative CT findings above (P<0.05).With CTSI grading increasing, the patient''s fasting time, heating time, hospital stay, recovery time of blood amylase were extended, and the incidence of pseudo cyst, transit surgery, organ failure and death was gradually increasing (P<0.05).Conclusion Severe fatty liver, AGI, GBAI, PSI and liver gap effusion are risk factors for acute complications and death in patients with pancreatitis.

Objective To investigate the effect of rhubarb and ephedra prescription on the pulmonary function and blood pressure circadian rhythm in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (AECOPD).Methods One hundred and enghty six patients with AECOPD admitted to Department of Integrated Medicine of Harrison International Peace Hospital from December 2013 to Auguest 2016 were enrolled, and they were divided into a control group 90 cases and an experimental group 96 cases by random number talbe method. The patients in control group were treated with conventional therapy, while those in the experimental group were treated with the conventional therapy and additionally rhubarb and ephedra prescription (including rhubarb 6 g, ephedra 5 g, agrimony 15 g, licorice 15 g), taken orally 2 times a day, the therapeutic course in the two groups being 2 weeks. The diference of blood gas analysis, pulmonary function indexes, dyspnea score (mMRC) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring were compared before and after treatment in the two groups.Results Compared with before treatment, the pH value, arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2), forced vital capacity (FVC), one second forced expiratory volume (FEV1), FEV1/FVC of the two groups were significantly increased after treatment, while the arterial partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) and mMRC score were significantly lowered, and the changes in the experimental group were more significant than those in the control group [pH: 7.40±0.04 vs. 7.37±0.03, PaO2 (mmHg, 1 mmHg = 0.133 kPa): 81.09±12.54 vs. 76.27±12.20, PaCO2 (mmHg): 48.01±8.27 vs. 51.91±8.37, FVC (L): 2.37±0.39 vs. 2.13±0.45, FEV1 (L): 2.08±0.38 vs. 1.87±0.41, FEV1/FVC: (69.01±12.04)% vs. (64.02±11.81)%, mMRC: 2.02±0.76 vs. 2.40±0.87, allP < 0.05 orP < 0.01]. Based on the percentage of blood pressure circadian value difference, the blood pressure circadian rhythm was divided into dipper type, non dipper type, super dipper type and anti dipper type, 24.2% patients were of dipper type and 75.8% patients were of non dipper, super dipper and anti dipper types. There was no significant difference in daytime systolic blood pressure (dSBP) between patients with super dipper and dipper types (P > 0.05),and the dSBP (mmHg) in patients with non dipper type was significantly higher than that in patients with dipper, super dipper and anti dipper types (131.55±5.08 vs. 117.78±4.47, 118.26±4.24, 113.37±3.97, allP < 0.05); the daytime diastolic blood pressure [dDBP (mmHg)] of anti dipper, non dipper type, dipper type, super dipper type increased in turn (respectively, 63.27±2.80, 70.24±3.82, 73.98±2.61, 82.96±4.52, allP < 0.05); the night SBP (nSBP) of anti dipper type was the highest (127.38±4.98) mmHg, and the nSBP of super dipper type was the lowest (89.07±3.81) mmHg; the night DBP (nDBP) of dipper type was lower than that of non dipper, anti dipper and super dipper types (mmHg: 63.57±1.37 vs. 68.86±2.12, 67.15±1.56, 67.89±2.04, allP < 0.05). After treatment, the proportion of patients with dipper type [66.7% (64/96) vs. 54.4% (49/90)], no dipper type [11.5% (11/96) vs. 8.9% (8/90)], and super dipper type [5.2% (5/96) vs. 2.2% (2/90)] in experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group, the proportion of patients with anti dipper type [16.7% (16/96) vs. 34.4% (31/90)] in experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group (allP< 0.05).Conclusion The Rhubarb and ephedra prescription can obviously improve the blood gas analysis indexes, pulmonary function and blood pressure rhythm in patients with AECOPD.

Objective To analyse the etiology,clinical characteristics and risk factors of central nervous system (CNS) complications after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT).Methods The clinical features of CNS complications in patients who underwent allo-HSCT were observed,and analysis its causes and risk factors.Results 8 cases of CNS complications occured in 69 patients within 6 months after allo-HSCT and the incidence was 11.6 ％,the occurrence rate of CNS complications was 21.4 ％ (6/28) in HLA mismatched group,higher than HLA matehed group [49 ％ (2/41)] (P ＜ 0.05).Analogously,the incidence was 44.4 ％ (4/60) in patients with graft-versus-host disease (GVIID) (＞grade 2),which was significantly higher than patients with 2 or below grade 2 GVHD [6.7 ％ (4/9)] (P ＜ 0.01).But there was no significant difference in the incidence of CNS complications between ≤14 years old and ＞14 years old,with or without ATG,different stages of diseases,whether pretreatment with maryland respectively (P ＞0.05),either.Epilepsy and intracranial infection were the most common CNS complications in allo-HSCT,followed by intracranial hemorrhage.Conclusion HLA mismatched and above grade 2 GVHD are the risk factors of CNS complications in allo-HSCT.Epilepsy,intracranial infection and bleeding are common CNS complications in allo-HSCT.