Objective To investigate the protective effect of recombinant mouse OP 1 (rmOP 1) on renal ischemia reperfusion injury. Methods The full length open reading frame of mouse OP 1 was cloned by RT PCR. The rmOP 1 was prepared and its osteogenesis was assayed in vitro. Thirty Wistar rat models of renal ischemia reperfusion were randomly divided into 3 groups: preventive group, therapeutic group and control group. The former two groups were administered with rmOP 1 (250 ?g/kg) via the superior mesenteric vein at different time points. The renal function and structure were assessed by serum BUN, Cr, histological findings and the modified Miller's scoring. Results rmOP 1 showed osteoinductive activities in vitro. The level of serum BUN, Cr and Miller's scoring were higher in control group than the others ( P 0.05 ). Histological finding showed that rmOP 1 minimized the cell necrosis. Conclusion rmOP 1 has an protective effect on renal function and structure.

AIM To explore the effect of tacrolimus on maturity and allostimulatory activity of cultured dendritic cells (DC) in vitro. METHODS Twenty rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control, tacrolimus, LPS, and tacrolimus+LPS groups. The bone marrow cells of rats were cultured with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factors and interleukin-4 (IL-4) for 6 d and the DC which adhered to the wall were harvested. No other extraneous reagents were used in control group. Tacrolimus 10 μg·L-1 was added to tacrolimus group at the beginning of culture. Lipopolysaccarides (LPS) 100 μg·L-1 were administered 18 h beforeharvest in LPS group. In tacrolimus+LPS group, tacrolimus and LPS were used in accordance with tacrolimus and LPS groups. The immunophenotypes of DC were analyzed with flow cytometry and the level of IL-12 secreted by DC was detected by ELISA. The allostimulatory activity of DC on allogeneic T cells was assessed with mixed lymphocyte reaction. RESULTS Compared with control group, LPS increased CD80 and CD86 expressions, IL-12 secretion and allostimulatory activities of DC. Compared with control and LPS groups, tacrolimus cut down the expressions of CD80 and CD86, decreased the secretion of IL-12 and reduced the allostimulatory activity of cultured DC. CONCLUSION Tacrolimus exerts a negative effect on the maturation and allostimulatory activity of cultured DC in vitro.

BACKGROUND: Immune tolerance is regarded as the most effective measure to overcome rejection. For the past few years, the important effect of immature dendritic cells (imDCs) on immune tolerance has drawn close attention. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of imDCs treated with tacrolimus (FK506) on imlnune tolerance in rat allograft organ transplantation and to investigate the mechanism of immune tolerance induced by imDCs. DESIGN: A randomized and controlled animal experiment. MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out at the Experimental Animal Center, the Affiliated Hospital of Medical College. Qingdao University from April 2006 to December 2006.Cervical heart transplantations were performed in which 45Wister rats were used as donors and45 SD rats as allograft recipients. The ratswere randomly divided into three groups with 15 for each. METHODS: Normal sodium, imDes. and imDCs treated with FK506 were injected via vena caudalis seven. days before the operations respectively. Mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR) was meas ured on SD, Wistar, and Lewis rats. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Heart allografi survival was monitored and one-way MLR, heart pathology and the levels of interleukin-2(IL-2),IL-4,IL-10,and interferon-Y(IFN-Y)in the serum were detected. RESULTS: In treatment group without FK506.heart allografl survival were prolonged after imDC injection(P＜0.01);while their survival were prolonged further in treatment group with FK506(P＜0.05).MLR showed that the tolerance was donor specific. Analysis of variance showed that tere was high significant difference for serum concentrations of IL-2,IFN-Y,IL-4,and IL-10 in the three groups(P＜0.01).The concentrations of IL-2 and IFN-Y expressing on Th1 were lower. and that of IL-4 and IL-10 expressing on Th2 were obviously higher in the latter two groups. CONCLUSION: ImDCs can induce immune tolerance in rat heterotopic heart transplantation successfully; ImDCs treated with FK506 can enhance the tolerance which is donor specific.ImDCs may induce the immnune tolerance bymeans of modifying the immune response type of T cells (immune deflection from Th1 to Th2), mediating the generation of regulatory T cells (T-reg)and inducing T cells disenabling.

Sequential monitoring of the levels of serum interleukin-2(IL-2),soluble interleukin-2 receptor(sIL-2R)and interleukin-6(IL-6)were conducted in 60 patients for 2 months after renal transplantation.The results showed that the levels of serum IL-2,sIL-2R and IL-6 were increased significantly several days prior to the clinical diagnosis in the patients with acute rejection,which were much higher than those in CsA-induced nephrotoxicity group.The levels of IL-2,slL-2R and IL-6 in the patients with rejection sensible to methylprednisolone came down to the pre-rejection levels several days after the treatment.It was concluded that sequential monitoring of serum IL-2,sIL-2R and IL-6 of renal allograft recipients are helpful for the early diagnosis and differential diagnosis of acute rejection as well as the evaluation of methylprednisolone in the treatment of antirejection.

Objective To analyze the hemodynamic characteristics in patients with iron deficiency anemia(IDA) using transcranial Doppler ultrasonography(TCD),and to discuss the diagnostic value of it.Methods There were 46 patients with IDA,among them 28 patients had moderate or severe anemia,and 18 patients had mild anemia.Hemodynamic changes in patients were observed with TCD,and compared with 40 case healthy controls. Results In addition to 3 case results of TCD were normal,the increase of velocity were found in the others patients.The cerenbral blood flow velocity of the moderate or severe anemia group were significantly higher than that of the mild anemia group(P<0.05),and these were significantly higher than that of the control group(P<0.01).The pulsatility index of the moderate or severe anemia group were significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.01).2 case artery stenosis in 46 patients were found by TCD,there were 5 case with syncope in 46 patients.Conclusion The severness of anemia can be observed by the increased cerenbral blood flow velocities.TCD may be evaluat Effestiveness of blood flow,and TCD may be possible to raise the discover rate of artery stenosis in anemia.

OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of voriconazole on pulmonary fungals infection after renal transplantation.METHODS Nine cases of pulmanory fungals infection after renal transplantation were analyzed to evaluate the therapeutic effect of voriconazole.RESULTS Treated with voriconazole,seven in nine patients were cured,while the other two died.CONCLUSIONS For patients with pulmanory fungals infection after renal transplantation,the application of voriconazole can receive satisfactory effect.

Huazhong University of Science and Technology is one of the five schools that trial implementing eight-year program medical education of first batch.Eight-year program medical students in Tongji college came into obstetrics and gynecology clinical contact in 2010.According to the characteristics of students and discipline,obstetrics and gynecology department used multiple teaching methods and means as PBL teaching,integrated case management,typical clinical case conference,clinical diagnosis and treatment,academic lecture,research report,experimental design,scientific research and experi-ment,etc.Available practice mode was reformed.Those students accomplished clinical practice,and achieved expected effect.

Objective To explore clinical value of the color Doppler ultrasonic(CDU)and TNM staging of renal cell carcinoma.Methods 265 cases of renal cell carcinoma(RCC)confirmed by surgical pathology were retro-spectively analyzed.According to the WHO 2004 pathological types of classification standards and the American Joint Committee on Cancer(AJCC)cancer staging manual/6th TNMstaging criteria.The analyzed application of a CDFI to TNMstaging of renal cell carcinoma,and surgical pathology results werecompared.Results 265 cases of RCC and right kidney in 136 cases,129 cases of left kidney;Diameter of 1.5 -12.8cm;Pathological diagnosis of renal clear cell carcinoma in 226 cases(85.28%),28 cases of papillary renal cell carcinoma(10.57%),renal too color cell car-cinoma in 5 cases(1.89%),4 cases of multilocular cystic renal cell carcinoma(1.51%),Bellini duct carcinoma in 2 cases(0.75%).Diagnosis results of CDU and pathological in 250 cases(94.34%),CDU misdiagnosis leakage 15 cases(5.66%).Within the kidney showed low echo or high echo,and mixed echo lumps,and invasive growth to the surrounding tissues or organs sign for it.CDU showed the various blood flow signals were given priority to with renal clear cell carcinoma;CDU and surgical pathology TNMstaging coincidence rate was 90.40%(226 /250),inclu-ding T1 N0 -1 M0 ,T2 N0 -1 M0 ,T3 N0 -2 M0 -1 and T4 N0 -2 M0 -1 of coincidence rate were 92.12%(152 /165),85.71%(36 /42),82.14%(23 /28)and 100.00%(15 /15).Conclusion CDU can be used as the preferred method of diag-nosis and evaluation of renal cell carcinoma,which can can provide valuable information for TNMstaging.

Betatrophin is a newly found factor that affects the metabolisms of sugar and fat , which is mainly ex-pressed in the liver and adipose tissue .This factor not only has an influence on the glucolipid metabolism , but also has regulating effect on replicating pancreatic βcell.Glucose and lipid metabolic disorder and the decrease in the number of pancreatic βcell are main risk factors of diabetes , diabetic great vascular complications and other com-plications.Therefore, betatrophin level has close relationship with diabetes .

Objective To understand the application and effect of problem based,case based and evidence based (PCE) combined teaching method in urology surgery clinical teaching.Methods A total of 50 clinical medicine students were selected.PCE combined teaching method was applied in urology surgery clinical teaching and the teaching effect was evaluated.Results The ratios of student who thought PCE combined teaching method could stimulate learning enthusiasm,improve learning efficiency and improve the abilities of logical thinking,inductive analysis,practical application,self-study,literature retrieval,innovation and team cooperation were 96％,94％,95％,94％,100％,88％,100％,96％ and 95％ respectively.All students thought this new teaching method could be extended in other subjects.Conclusions Application of PCE combined teaching method in urology surgery clinical teaching can achieve good teaching effect and it is worth recommending in clinical teaching.