Objective To explore the operative cooperation and nursing points of holmium laser lithotripsy under percutaneous nephroscope. Methods A retrospective study was carried out to investi-gate the operative cooperation and nursing of 38 patients receiving holmium laser lithotripsy under percuta-neous nephroscope in our hospital from March 2006 to August 2007. Results Stones were completely cleared in 31 patients at first holmium laser lithotripsy,in 5 patients at second holmium laser lithotripsy,in 2 patients at third holmium laser lithotripsy. One patient complicated with water intoxication and septicemia. Operation time ranged from 50 to 190 minutes,blood loss volume reached 50 to 200 ml with a average of 100 ml.No blood transfusion was needed during the operations and no secondary hemorrhage was seen postoperation. Double J catheter was inserted and indwelled for 30 to 60 days with a average of 38 days. Postoperative follow-up was satisfying. Conclusions Holmium laser lithotripsy under pereutaneous nephroscope possesses the advantages of little trauma,hemorrhage and complication and quick recovery.It is the best choice for treatment of calculus in urinary system.

Objective To analyze the current situation of domestic multi-center study of medicine research in order to improve the scientific research level.Method Using the bibliometrics method to analyze the number of coauthors,research institutions, research states distribution,foundation paper numbers and large sample papers of 200 multicenter original research papers published in 10 domestic and foreign journals in 2010.Results There were 112 domestic original research papers,the number of average coauthor was 6.1± 1.1; 15.2％ of them were more than 3research institutions; 2.7％ of them were cooperative study of more than 2 countries.49 papers (43.8％)were supported by fund; 10.7％ of which were more than 3 foundations; large sample papers account for 24.1 ％.In 88 foreign original research papers,the number of average coauthors is 9.8± 2.7; 86.4％ of them are under more than 3 research institutions; 44.3％ of them are cooperative study of more than 2 countries.Fund papers account for 69.3 ％ ; large sample papers account for 50％.There were significant difference in the number of coauthors,research institutions,number of countries,large sample papers and the number of ≥3 foundation papers between both domestic and international paper(P ＜ 0.05).The number of domestic and foreign funded papers had no significant difference (P ＞0.05).ConclusionThere are some differences between domestic and foreign medical cooperative research. We should strengthen the international and domestic cooperative research in order to improve the scientific research level and reduce the waste of resources.

Objective To explore the quality of clinical trial papers published in medical SCI-tech journal.Methods A total of 1201 original research projects were published in 6 medical journals from Mar.2012 to Mar.2014 in China.Fifty-four of them were selected according to the key words randomizedcontrolled,and they were evaluated using 2010 CONSORT statement.Results In 54 articles,the section of background and abstract were described clearly and standardize.Fifty-one (94.44 ％)papers described intervention method in details.Thirty-five (64.81％) papers described the experimental design method.Thirty-one (57.41％) papers defined the primary and secondary outcome indicators,only 3 (5.56％)of them described distribution order,and the method of blindness.Four (7.41％) papers provides the information on sample size calculation.The using of flow chart accounted for 7.41％.Ten (18.52％) papers described the reason of drop out.Two (3.70％) papers evaluated the effect and accuracy,and the trial results were explained clearly and consider other evidences.Only 18 (33.33％) papers wrote the limitation of the studies.For other information of the studies,5 (9.26％) of them was registered somewhere,the information on funding support was on 20 (37.04％)papers.Conclusions The description on most RCT papers were clear and complete,but close attention should be paid to the method of blindness and sample size determine.

Objective: To make a retrospective control study of the curative effects of Four sacral needles method and conventional acupuncture therapy on female stress incontinence. Methods:A treatment group was treated by Four sacral needles method, in which four sacral points were electroacupunctured with special insertion of needles to excite the pudendal nerve and induce the rhythmic contraction of the pelvic floor muscles, thereby increasing the strength of the pelvic floor muscles and improving ability in urinary continence. A control group was treated by conventional acupuncture therapy, in which corresponding points were acupunctured according to syndrome-based classification. Results: In the 31 cases of the treatment group treated by Four sacral needlesmethod, 100% symptom improvement occurred in 22(71.0% )after an average of 21 treatments (3-63treatments). In the 34 cases of the control group treated by conventional acupuncture therapy, 100%symptom improvement occurred in 0 after 30 treatments. The curative effect was better in the treatment group than in the control group(p＜ 0.01).The curative effect improved with an increase in the number of treatments in the treatment group. Conclusion: Four sacral needles method is more effective than conventional acupuncture therapy in treating female stress incontinence.

Objective To introduce the achievement in the research work of marine bio-adhesive used in medical fields in future.Methods The merits of marine bio-adhesive was elucidated and the requisition and remained defects of medical and dental adhesives were analyzed.The applicable prospects of mussel bio-adhesive were highlighted particularly on the components and functions.Results At present,gene reconstruction technique is the most useful and economic way to produce bio-adhesive protein from marine biomaterial.By that method,the problems of storage difficulty and resource limitation can be solved.Conclusion The marine bio-adhesive produced by gene reconstruction will be used in medical and dental treatment in the future.

Objective To develop a new kind of auto thermal cycling machine,which can be used to test the chronic fatigue properties of dental materials.Methods The machine was designed and manufactured,the working parameters were set according to national standards YY/T0112-93.Results After 6-months testing,the machine ran stably,the precision of working parameters was consistent and reached the national standard.Conclusion The machine can be a credible device for the testing of dental materials.

Objective To investigate the early diagnosis and importance of cesarean section in time.Methods Three cases of AFLP treated in our hospital during the past three years were retrospectively studied with emphasis on symptoms,laboratory findings,maternal complications and the action of well-timed cesarean section.Clinical diagnose was proved by postpartum liver biopsy or autopsy.Results The gestational age at onset of the three multiparae was 35～36 weeks.In the early stage,all cases had malaise,nausea,vomit,loss of appetite and epigastric distress followed by jaundice.Laboratory findings included raised transaminases (≤300IU/L)and total serum bilirubin levels.Neither B ultrasonic nor CT examine found fatty liver.Two of them were received cesarean section after obvious complication,and one died with her baby,the other pulled through MSOF,whose twins died of seriously asphyxia.While the third received cesarean section at early stage and was cured with a healthy baby.Conclusion Increasing awarenessespecially in early piagnosis of AFLP cases and termination pregnancy in time,the prognosis of AFLP is obviously improved.

Objective To investigate the relationship between HCV genotype and its level and the response to interferon (IFN).Methods HCV genotypes were detected by type-specific primes modified PCR assay.HCV-RNA levels were determined by branched DNA(bDNA) singnal PCR amplification fluorescence assay.The patients with chronic hepatitis C virus infection treated with IFN ? were divided into different groups according to genotypes or levels of HCV.Result Patients with pre-treatment HCV levels10 9 eq?L -1 showed partial responses (28 6%) or no responsces (28 6%).Stasistical analysis showed significant difference (P

Objective To screen related gene of endometrial cancer by mRNA differential display (DD) polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Methods Individual mRNA from normal and neoplastic endometrium obtained from the same patient were comparatively studied by DD methodology.The mRNAs were isolated from the tissues, reverse transcribed to cDNA, and then amplified by PCR. The PCR products were displayed on a polyacrylamid gel by silver staining, and the differentially expressed bands were retrieved and reamplified. Subsequently we selected four bands for sequencing and making further investigation. Results cDNA homology was analysed by searching through GenBank sequence databases and indicated that tumor fragment (T1 7) has no significant sequence homology with any sequence of known function. Acession number is AF315581. Further study showed that T1 7 expressed more abundantly in endometrial cancer than hyperplasia endometrium, but not expressed in normal endometrium. Conclusions T1.7 is a new expressed sequence tag. It may be related gene fragment of endometrial cancer.

Objective To investigate the occurrence,types and therapeutic effect of malignancies in renal allograft recipients. Methods A retrospective study of 1200 renal allograft transplantations in 1189 patients performed between July 1977 and September 2001 was carried out. Results After transplantation among the 1189 recipients,19 cases (an incidence rate of 1.6%) were diagnosed with malignancies,including hepatocarcinoma in 4 cases,breast cancer in 3,Kaposi sarcoma in 2,lung cancer in 2,and squamous carcinoma of bladder,non-Hodgkin lymphoma,stomach carcinoma,carcinoma of head of pancreas,carcinoma of gingival,colon carcinoma,gallbladder carcinoma each in 1,and 1 intensive metastasis case without concerned source.The mean postoperative duration of immunosuppressive treatment before the diagnosis of malignancies was (36.7?24.2)months (range,2 to 112 months).Surgical operations were performed in 12 cases,all of whom survived with normal renal function.A mean follow-up of 15.4 months (range,1 to 73 months) showed that no recurrent malignancy developed and no rejection of transplanted kidneys occurred.Five of the 7 cases who had malignancies at advanced stage and lost surgical treatment opportunity died within 1 year after the diagnosis. Conclusions The incidence of malignancy in renal allograft recipients is much higher than normal population,closely related to the long term use of immunosuppressants.Radical surgery of the malignancies is preferred option and use of immunosuppressants can be reduced or discontinued;meanwhile the function of the transplanted kidney should be maintained as much as possible.