Deafness refers to different degrees of hearing loss (HL). The factors leading to HL are complex, among which heredity is a major one. Nonsyndromic hearing loss (NSHL) accounts for 80% of hereditary deafness. More than 140 genes have been regarded to be closely related to NSHL. The mutation of GJB2 (gap junction protein, beta 2) gene accounts for 80% of NSHL and more than 50% of children NSHL, playing the most important role in deafness genes. This paper reviewed the studies on the association between GJB2 gene mutation and HL to provide reference for genetic diagnosis and counseling.
Connexin 26 ; Connexins ; genetics ; Deafness ; genetics ; Humans ; Mutation

BACKGROUND: The negative emotion can directly attenuate the humoral and cell mediated immunity, which contributing to the onset of lung cancer,therefore psychological therapy is crucial for the prevention of lung cancer.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of catharsis and cognitive therapy on the psychology of patients with lung cancer, as well as the short-term clinical therapeutic effect, so as to exploring the importance of psychological interventionDESIGN: Non-randomized same period control, 1:1 matched observation SETTING: Cadres Therapeutic Ward of Affiliated Second Hospital of China Medical University and Cadres Therapeutic Ward of General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command of Chinese PLA.PARTICIPANTS: Totally 124 patients with lung cancer, received treatment at Cadres Therapeutic Ward of Affiliated Second Hospital in China Medical University and General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Commaud of Chinese PLA from February 1999 to December 2002, volunteered into this study, were randomly divided into treatment group and control group, all data was paired by 1:1 according to age, gender, UICC-TUM stage and pathological type, totally 42 pair data were obtained.METHODS: All participant received the same chemotherapy and radiotherapy (etoposide carboplatin), the patients in treatment group were given additional emotional catharsis and cognitive therapy at the beginning of treatment once every five days for 1-3 times; And then patients were informed of related cancer knowledge once or twice a week for totally 6 weeks. Before treatment, SCL-90 (including 9 symptomatic factors that divide into five grades: 0 score meant never, 1 score was gentle, 2 scores were medium, 3 scores were quite severe and 4 scores were severer) was used to evaluate the psychology of patients; moreover the therapeutic effect was assessed according to WHO standards for lung cancer (focus disappeared for more than 4 weeks is believed of complete relieve; Focus area reduced by above 50% and maintained for 4 weeks is believed of part relieve) MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Scores for SCL-90 and therapeutic effect of two groups before and after treatment RESULTS: Totally 42 pairs (84 cases) were remained in the final result duced after treatment in two groups (P ＜ 0.05), but the scores for somatzation, individual sensitivity, depression anxiety and psychosis in treatment group were found lower than corresponding control group after treatment (1.64±0.41, 1.76±0.34; 1.31±0.30, 1.67±0.35; 1.40±0.29, 1.58±0.41;Therapeutic effect: The total relieve rate in treatment group was higher than control group, but difference was of no statistical significance (68%,52%, x2=2.381, P ＞ 0.05).CONCLUSION: Although the therapeutic effect of catharsis and cognitive therapy is s unobvious short-term in patients with lung cancer, but it can attenuate the negative emotion, such as depression and anxiety, which can improve their psychology and immune-regulating function.

We discuss the common complications and risk of rehabilitation method tor patients with common neoplasms. The matters that should be noticed in exercise therapy was considered we also investigated inteventions for these complications.

The incidence of hearing impairment in neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) was much higher than that of well-baby nursery. The incidence of the former was 2%-4%, whereas that of the latter was 0.1%-0.3%. Furthermore, the incidence of auditory neuropathy spectrum disorder, progressive and delayed hearing loss was also higher than those of other infants. Therefore, the newborn hearing screening program in NICU has become an important part of pediatric audiology. In this paper, we reviewed the previous studies and suggested the special procedure of hearing screening and following-up which based on the physiological and pathological characteristics of NICU in order to detect hearing impaired as early as possible.
Hearing Disorders ; diagnosis ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Incidence ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units, Neonatal ; Neonatal Screening

OBJECTIVE:To compare the efficacy and safety of Jinkui shenqi pill versus Shengjing capsule in the treatment of oligoasthenozoosperimia under behavioral intervention. METHODS:98 patients with oligoasthenozoosperimia were randomly divid-ed into Shengjing capsule group(49 cases)and Jinkui shenqi pill(49 cases). All patients received intervention treatment(cognitive intervention,psychological intervention,diet intervention and exercise intervention,etc.). Based on it,Shengjing capsule group re-ceived 1.6 g Shengjing capsules,orally,3 times a day;Jinkui shenqi pill group received 6 g Jinkui shenqi pill,orally,twice a day. They were treated for 3 months. Clinical efficacy,semen quality (semen volume,sperm concentration,sperm motility rate, sperm motility)and sex hormone levels [testosterone(T),follicle stimulating hormone(FSH),luteinizing hormone(HLH),pro-gesterone(P),prolactin(PRL)] before and after treatment,and the incidence of adverse reactions in 2 groups were observed. RE-SULTS:The total effective rate in Shengjing capsule group was significantly higher than Jinkui shenqi pill group,with statistical significance(P<0.05). Before treatment,there were no significant differences in semen quality and sex hormone levels(P>0.05). After treatment,semen quality in 2 groups was significantly higher than before,semen volume and sperm motility in Shengjing cap-sule group were higher than Jinkui shenqi pill group,with statistical significances(P<0.05). T levels in 2 groups were significant-ly higher than before,while Shengjing capsule group was lower than Jinkui shenqi pill group,with statistical significances (P<0.05);and there were no significant differences in FSH,HLH,P and PRL before and after treatment in 2 groups(P>0.05). And there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Under behavioral interven-tion,Shengjing capsule has better efficacy than Jinkui shenqi pill in the treatment of oligoasthenozoosperimia,it can significantly improve semen quality,while Jinkui shenqi pill is better in terms of improving sex hormone levels;and both show good safety.

OBJECTIVE:To study the pharmacokinetics of two kinds of famotidine capsule from different factories in healthy volunteers and to evaluate the bioavailability of them METHODS:A single oral 40 mg dose of famotidine capsule of reference or test preparation was given to healthy male volunteers according to an open randomized crossover study The plasma concentrations of famotidine were determined by a RP-HPLC method The pharmacokinetic parameters and bioavailability of test preparation were compared with reference preparation RESULTS:The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the reference preparation and the test preparation were as follows:Cmax were(189 9?72 1)?g/L and(170 1?59 6)?g/L;Tmax were(2 5?0 8)h and (2 1?0 8)h;T1/2 were(4 1?0 9)h and(3 8?0 8)h;AUC0～t were (1 031 7?316 7)?g/(L?h)and(1 019 4?290 5)?g/(L?h);AUC0→∞ were(1 123 9?346 0)?g/(L?h)and(1 103 4?312 0)?g/(L?h);The relative bioavailability of reference to test preparation was(101 6?22 6)% CONCLUSION:The results showed that the reference preparation and the test preparation were bioequivalent

Adolescent ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Hearing Disorders ; prevention & control ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn

Objective To evaluate the effects of anisodamine on apoptosis in cardiomyocytes and inflammatory response in overtrained rats. Methods Twenty-four male Wistar rats, weighing 200-220 g, were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 8 each) : control group (group C) , overtraining group (group O) , anisodamine group (group A) . The model of overtraining-induced acute heart injury was established by exhausting swimming. Anisodamine 10 mg/kg was given intraperitoneally 20 min before overtraining in group A. Blood samples were taken at 6 h after overtraining for measurement of serum CK-MB activity. The rats were then sacrificed and myocardial tissues taken for determination of TNF-α content and NF-κB activity (by immunohistochemistry) . The apoptosis rate was detected by flow cytometry. Results The CK-MB activity, apoptosis rate, TNF-α content and NF-κB activity were significantly higher at 6 h after overtraining in groups O and A than in group C, while lower at 6 h after overtraining in group A than in group O ( P < 0.05) . Conclusion Anisodamine can inhibit apoptosis in cardiomyocytes by reducing inflammatory response in overtrained rats.

Objective To investigate the renal histopathological changes of over training induced acute renal injury in human being.Methods Eight patients treated in our hospital admitted overtraining were observed retrospectively about their clinical and pathological data,including clinical features,laboratory tests and pathological examinations.Results Eight patients with acute kidney injury after overtraining,manifested as urine occult blood positive in 2 cases,3 cases of urinary protein,urinary occult blood and urine protein were positive in 3 cases.Five cases of renal dysfunction,manifested as creatinine,urea nitrogen,uric acid significantly increased; renal ultrasound non-specific changes,manifested as increased echogenicity of the cortex.2 cases of renal pathology glomerular ischemic; Two cases of renal interstitial mild edema,five cases of inflammatory cell infiltration; Three cases of renal tubular epithelial vacuolar degeneration,2 cases of tubular atrophy,4 cases of renal tubular epithelial brush border loss,see intraluminal protein casts can be seen,1 case of calcium deposition.Conclusion The acute renal injury can be induced by overtraining.Kidney pathology ischemic is the most important change and renal tubular show most sensitive features of ischemic.In addition,inflammatory response and striated muscle damage were also induced because of overtraining.

Objective To investigate the current status about nursing undergraduate students' knowledge,attitude and practice (KAP)regarding nosocomial infection.Methods The self-administered questionnaires were employed to survey 108 undergraduate nursing students on the basis of a simple random sampling method.Results In the knowledge dimension,the nursing students earned 78.3％ of accuracy rate when responding to the questionnaires.The students also demonstrated positive attitudes towards nosocomial infection and occupational safety,particularly the female students.In terms of practice,the students performed relatively poor as 36.1％ of the students were unclear about the classification of medical garbage and 22.2％ of the students used their non-clean hands to touch their eye-glasses.Conclusions The undergraduate nursing students have demonstrated adequate knowledge and proper attitude towards nosocomial infection and occupational safety,however,some behaviors need to be changed.Nursing schools and hospitals should be aware of these findings and provide more training programs regarding nosocomial infection and occupational safety so that they can help students formulate good habits to prevent and control nosocomial infection.