Objective To establish a qualitative and quantitative method for controlling the quality of Radix Puerariae and its preparation. Methods The qualitative fingerprint of effective part (extract part of ethyl acetate) was obtained by using RP-HPLC with methanol-water (42∶58) as mobile phase and UV detection at 250 nm . The quantitative measurement of effective components (puerarin and daidzein) was finished under the above chromatographic conditions. And the 11 kinds of different samples of Radix Puerariae were analyzed by the method. Results Under the qualitative conditions, the 5 common peaks in RP-HPLC fingerprint of the effective part could be used as index peaks for qualitative identification. In RP-HPLC quantitative analysis, the recoveries of the method were 98.0% with RSD of 1.30% for puerarin and 95.4% with RSD of 1.61% for daidzein, respectively. The amount of puerarin and daidzein in Radix Puerariae was 0.213%～3.626% and 0.012%～ 0.049% , respectively. Conclusion The analytical method with qualitative fingerprint of effective part and quantitative measurement of effective components of Radix Puerariae can be accurately used for controlling its quality.

Objective To investigate the effect of splenectomy on peripheral lymphocyte apoptosis and CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells in rat with heart transplantation. Methods Abdominal heterotopic heart transplantation was performed from Wistar (donors) to SD (recipients) rats. Splenectomy was done at the same time in recipients (heart graft splenectomy group), non-splenectomy recipients (heart graft group), single splenectomy in SD rats (spleneetomy group), and SD rats (no operation) were designed as the control group. The transplanted hearts and peripheral blood in each group were collected on the 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day after operation. Histopathological and ultrastructural changes in transplanted hearts were observed by microscope and electronic microscope. Apoptosis rate of peripheral lymphocytes and CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells were measured by flow cytometry. The expression of Foxp3 mRNA in CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells was detected by RT-PCR, and survival time of the transplanted hearts was recorded. Results The survival time of the transplanted hearts in heart graft splenectomy group was 17.63±4.54 days, significantly longer than that in heart graft group (7.47±2.24 days) (P<0.05). The transplanted hearts in heart graft group were swelling, hard, dark, with interstitial edema, hemorrhage, diffuse infiltration of inflammatory cells, necrosis and cytolysis of a lot of myocardial cells, blurred cross striations; The transplanted hearts in heart graft splenectomy group were soft, red, partially gray white, with focal edema of subepicardial cells,infiltration of inflammatory cells, intact myocardial cell structure, and clear cross striations; Compared to heart graft group, the ultrastructural changes of transplanted hearts in heart graft splenectomy group were lighter significantly. On the 5th and 7th day after operation, apoptosis of peripheral lymphocytes in heart graft splenectomy group was (7.62±2.15)% and (9.41±3.82)% respectively, significantly higher than in heart graft group (both P<0.05). On the 3rd, 5 th and 7th day after operation, the number of CD4+ CD25+ Treg cells in heart graft splenectomy group was more (all P<0.01), and the expression level of Foxp3 mRNA higher than in heart graft group. Conclusion Splenectomy can increase apoptosis rate of peripheral blood lymphocytes and the number of regulatory T lymphocytes, and up-regulate the Foxp3 mRNA regulation in rats with heart transplantation, which has a negative correlation with pathological changes of transplanted hearts.

Objective To study the application value of atorvastatin combined with anticoagulation drugs in the treatment of steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head in the elderly.Methods From February 2013 to January 2016, 112 cases elderly patients accepted treatment of steroid-induced necrosis of the femoral head in our hospital were selected.They were divided into observation group and control group with 56 cases in each group randomly.The two groups were treated with anticoagulant therapy, the observation group received atorvastatin on the basis of control group.The efficacy and indicators between two groups after treatment were compared.Results The excellent and good rate was in observation group was 92.86%, which was higher than 66.07% in control group ( P <0.05 ) .The pain degree, walking ability and total joint mobility score of the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment, plasma viscosity and hematocrit of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group(P<0.05).The time of collapse of the femoral head and the index of necrosis of the observation group were significantly lower than the control group(P <0.05).Conclusion Atorvastatin combined with anticoagulant drugs in the treatment of elderly patients with steroid-induced femoral head necrosis has significant effect, could effectively improve the quality of life of patients with good safety, high application value.

Objective To explore the pathogenesis of the superior mesenteric artery syndrome (SMAS) after surgical correction of scoliosis, and to analyse the inducing factors of the SMAS during scoliosis correction. Methods From July 1997 to January 2001, 430 cases of scoliosis were corrected with the 3 dimensional derotation technique(312 cases of the CD instrumentation and 118 cases of the TSRH or CDH instrumentation), 5 cases of which suffered from the SMAS postoperatively. Three of these 5 cases had the SMAS during the heavy Halo-pelvic traction following the anterior spinal release, the other two cases happened after the posterior correction. Results For the 5 patients, the symptoms were relieved after fasting,drainage with nasogastric tube, keeping electrolytic balance, left lateral position, suspense or reduction of the heavy traction, all of them recovered completely after 5-7 days. Conclusion SMAS is apt to occur in severe scoliosis, especially in kyphoscoliosis with trunk collapse. If more spine elongation and higher correction rate are obtained during operation, or the heavy Halo-pelvic traction is necessary after the anterior spinal release, the SMAS is more likely to happen. Early diagnosis and treatment play an important role in the recovery of patients.

To study the in situ intestinal absorption kinetics and compatibility influence of peimine and peiminine in rats, the absorption of peimine and peiminine in small intestine (duodenum, jejunum and ileum) and colon of rats was investigated using in situ single-pass perfusion method and the drug content was measured by HPLC-ELSD. Perfusion rate, pH, concentration of drug, gender and bile duct ligation can significantly affect the absorption of peimine and peiminine, the Ka, and Papp values in the condition of pH 6.8 and pH 7.4 had significant difference (P<0.01), as drug concentration irlcreased, the absorption parameters of peimine and peiminine decreased, Ka and Papp between low concentrations and middle concentrations was significant difference (P<0.01). Verapamil can not affect Ka and Papp of peimine and peiminine which are in the extract (P> 0.05). Bitter almonds and licorice can significantly reduce the absorption of peimine and peiminine with the usual dose (P<0.01), extracted separately and together had no significant difference on Ka and Papp (P> 0.05). Experimental results show that the absorption features of peimine and peiminine are basically the same, both of them could be absorbed at all segments of the intestine in rats and had no special absorption window, and with significant differences between male and female individuals. The absorption of peimine and peiminine complies with the active transport and facilitated diffusion in the general intestinal segments. Bitter almond and licorice can reduce the intestinal absorption rate ofpeimine and peiminine.

Objective To develop an improved enzymatic method for assaying creatinine in serum and urine. Methods Cratinine iminhydrolase catalyzes the conversion of creatinine to N-methylhydantoin and ammonia,the later combines with 2-oxoglutarate and NADPH in the presence of glutamate dehydrogenase.Before beginning the reaction sequence,endogenous ammonia is removed by an “ammonia scavenger system”that involves the same auxiliary reaction.The NADPH and 2-Oxoglutarate consumed are restored through a reaction catalyzed by isocitrate dehydrogenase.The activity of this strictly magnesium-dependent enzyme is completely blocked by magnesium-complexing reagent that acts promptly whenever the reaction has started with creatinine iminohydrolase as startor.The reaction is monitored kinetically by measuring the NADPH decrease via its absorbance at 340nm.Results The method affords a simple,rapid,and sensitive assay with good precision and extended linearity.Test results compare closely with the HPLC precedure.The proposed method is not subject to interference from several metablites or from the drugs used commonly in clinics.Conclusion The method is easily automated and is suitable for routine work in clinical laboratories.

Background and purpose:Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is the second common cause of death in cancer patients. The clinical data from VTE patients in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center were collected and analyzed during the last 5 years in this study to increase awareness for diagnosis and prevention of VTE in cancer patients and to improve their prognosis.Methods:The clinical data from 196 VTE patients among the 207 514 cancer patients were analyzed during the period from Jul. 2009 to Jun. 2014, and the clinical characteristics of cancer patients with VTE were investigated to understand the inlfuence of risk factors and symptoms in VTE patients.Results:The incidence of VTE in cancer patients was 0.94‰. Adenocarcinoma was the most common type of gynecological cancer (56.5%), gastrointestinal tract cancer (91.7%), lung cancer (71.4) and pancreatic cancer (80%). Logistic regression analysis showed adenocarcinoma was the high risk factor in cancer patients with pulmonary embolism (PE, OR=0.36, 95%CI: 0.146-0.885,P=0.026). Compared with patients who received 2 cycles of chemotherapy, patients who received 3 cycles of chemotherapy had higher incidence of VTE (χ2=10.976,P=0.001). The incidence of VTE in operative group was higher than that in non-operative group. The patients bearing gynecological cancer with ascites (>2 000 mL) had higher VTE incidence compared with the patients with less ascites. Besides, 78%-88% of the VTE patients were diagnosed because of the deep vein thrombosis (DVT) symptom during postoperative recovery and chemoradiotherapy.However, 59.1% of the preoperative VTE patients were diagnosed by the compression venous ultrasonography (CUS) in lower extremity. Physical therapy was adopted to prevent thrombus in 15 postoperative patients.Conclusion:The incidence of cancer-associated VTE in Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center is lower compared with those reported in other epidemiologic investigations. The VTE incidence in postoperative patients is higher than that in preoperative patients. The patients with adenocarcinoma were inclined to be accompanied by PE. The examination should be taken in asymptomatic cancer patients and gynecological cancer patients with massive ascites. The physical measurement should be adopted actively to prevent thrombus in our hospital.

ObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of ultrasonography in the detection of median nerve in diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).MethodsMedian nerve was detected in 70 healthy adults (control group) and 43 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (diabetes mellitus group) by color Doppler ultrasonography.The type 2 diabetes mellitus patients were divided into two groups according to the duration of the disease:＜ 10 years group (26 cases) and ≥ 10 years group( 17 cases).And they were divided into two groups according to the random plasma glucose (RPG):RPG ＜ 15 mmol/L group(28 cases) and RPG≥ 15mmol/L group ( 15 cases).The nerve cross section area (CSA) was taken at the level of the pisiform.Results The median nerve in diabetes mellitus group had decreased echogenicity and increased color in it.The CSA of the median nerve in diabetes mellitus group was significantly higher than that in control group [ ( 10.3 ± 2.1 )mm2 vs. (8.3:± 1.7) mm2 ] (P ＜ 0.01 ).The C SA of the median nerve in ≥ 10 years group was significantly higher than that in ＜10 years group [ ( 12.3 ± 2.0) mm2 vs.( 10.2 ± 2.6) mm2] (P ＜ 0.01 ).The CSA of the median nerve in RPG ≥ 15 mmol/L group was significantly higher than that in RPG ＜ 15 mmol/L group [ ( 11.7 ± 1.8) mm2 vs.(9.6 ± 2.7 ) mm2 ] (P ＜ 0.01 ).ConclusionColor Doppler ultrasonography examination may reveal morphology of median nerve and is useful for the diagnosis of DPN.

Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of liver-soothing and spleen-strengthening herbal medicine for metabolic syndrome(MS).Methods Ninety-three MS patients were randomized into group A(N=51)and group B(N=42).The two groups received the basic treatment including dietary control and exercises.Group A received liver-soothing and spleen-strengthening herbal medicine(such as Radix Bupleuri,Rhizoma Atractylodis Macrocephalae,Radix Paeoniae Alba,Radix Angelicae Sinensis,Poria,Radix Rehmanniae,Radix Astragali,Rhizoma Alismatis,Semen Coicis,Cortex Moutan,Rhizoma Dioscoreae,Radix Glycyrrhizae,etc.)additionally.The treatment course lasted 3 months.After treatment,the therapeutic effect was evaluated,and the changes of blood pressure,body weight index(BWI),blood glucose(BG)and insulin levels,insulin sensitivity index(ISI),and the blood lipid levels were observed.Results After treatment,23 patients were cured,26 effective,2 ineffective,and the total effective rate was 96.08% in group A;in group B,12 were cured,21 effective,9 ineffective,and the total effective rate was 78.57%.The therapeutic effect in group A was better than that in group B(P0.05).Fasting BG,2-hour BG and BWI were decreased in the two groups(P0.05).Total cholesterol(TC)and triglyceride levels decreased,and high density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDLC)increased in the two groups(P0.05).Conclusion Liver-soothing and spleen-strengthening herbal medicine exerts an effect for metabolic syndrome,not only decreasing blood pressure,blood lipid levels and body weight,but also improving insulin resistance and increasing ISI.

0.5). Conclusions There is an increasing trend of resistin level in healthy volunteers and patients with obesity, diabetes mellitus and hyperthyroidism in order Resistin also was a positive and an inverse correlation with BMI and resistance index respectively. These results support the hypothesis of Steppan that resistin causes insulin resistance and links obesity to diabetes, and that the high level of resistin in hyperthyroidism can help to explain the phenomenon of its insulin resistance.