OBJECTIVE:To study the incidences and drug-resistance characteristics of bacteria infections that with ESBLs production for references of clinical medication.METHODS:Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolated from 2001to 2004 were subjected to ESBLs detection.The incidence of infection of each year was compared and the susceptibility test was performed by K-B paper disk method.RESULTS:Bacterial infection incidences caused by ESBLs-producing E.coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae increased year by year.Strains with ESBLs producution showed lower sensitivity to antibiotics than those without.E.coli and K.pneumoniae that with ESBLs productions showed the lowest drug resistance rates, which stood at 1.9%and 2.9%,respectively.Their drug resistances to piperacillin/tazobactam were 26.2% and 20.5%,respectively and 33.6% and 35.2%,respectively to amikacin.CONCLUSION:Carbapenem antibiotics are the optimal choice in the treatment of bacterial infections that with ESBLs production.

Purpose To study the polysaccharide from Pinus massoniana pollen(PPM)and to compare its anti-tumor,immune modulation activities and scavenging qualities of free radical with its sulfated derivative(S-PPM).Methods PPM Wag chemically modified by chlorosulfonic acid-pyfidine method and their bioactivities were compared.Results The substituting degree of S-PPM was 1.47.Results showed that S-PPM was more powerful in inhibiting the growth of tumor cell in vivo and in vitro and in promoting T,B lymphocytes than PPM.But there Wag no remarkable difference in promoting phagocytosis of macmphages.S-PPM was stronger in scavenging superoxide anion radical than PPM but it wag vice versa in scavenging hydroxyl radical.Conclusion S-PPM inhibited the cancer cell growth mainly through specific immunity.Sulfate of PPM influenced its quality of scavenging free radicals greatly.

OBJECTIVE:To provide references for Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises in selecting reasonable directions for the R&D of new drugs.METHODS:The internal&external influential factors and the competitive status of pharma?ceutical enterprises were analyzed from the aspect of characteristics of the R&D of new drugs so as to choose a reasonable di?rection for the R&D of new drugs.RESULTS&CONCLUSION:Chinese pharmaceutical enterprises should take the internal&external influential factors in the R&D of new drugs into full consideration and give evaluation to their technical competitive status so as to make a breakthrough in the R&D of new drugs.

AIMTo investigate the effects of the recombina nt human endostatin on adjuvant arthritis (AA) in rats and its mechanisms. METHODSThe model of rat AA was induced by injection of intradermal CFA. ConA and LPS induce d splencytes proliferation was examined by MTT asssy and the activities of inter leukin-1 (IL-1) and IL-2 were measured by the method of thymocytes prolifera tion. Synoviocytes were dispersed with incubation of collagenase and trypsin, an d IL-1, TNF production of synoviocytes was estimated with radio-immunity assay . RESULTSThe secondary inflammation of AA rats appeared on the 1 0th day after injection of CFA. The therapeutic administration of endostatin (0 1, 0 5, 2 5 mg?kg -1 ?d -1 , sc, ?7 d) was given at that time(d 10). It was found that endostatin significantly inhibited the secondary paw swel ling. The increased ConA-induced splenic lymphocyte proliferation reaction and the activated IL-1 and IL-2 activity of AA rats was reversed by the treatment with endostatin. Meanwhile,IL-1 produced by PM? was increased. Endostatin inh ibited IL-1 production from PM? and IL-1 and reduced TNF level of Synoviocyte s in AA rats. CONCLUSIONThe recombinant human endostatin has the rapeutical effect on AA rats, its mechanisms is related to its immunoregulative function.

This thesis introduced the situation of the pharmacy administration undergraduate course construction of Shenyang Pharmaceutical University. From the background of setting up of the pharmacy administration program,and in combination with the characteristics of the program,this thesis suggested that five principles should be followed to the course system construction,and expounded the concrete conditions of the curriculum setup and the next step assumption.

Respiratory dysfunction is a significant part of disorders associated with stroke. Stroke could impair respiratory center or motor pathway, leading to alter breath pattern or reduced respiratory muscle strength. Pneumonia secondary to stroke and stroke-associated sleep apnea are common respiratory disorder, which are adverse to the prognosis of stroke. Clinical routine physical examination is basic evaluation of respiratory function. Attention should be paid especially in breath pattern, respiratory muscle volume and muscle tone. Multiple quantitative assessments include arterial blood gas analysis, sleep apnea monitoring, dynamical, imaging and electrophysiological tests. Rehabilitation can be used to improve the inspiratory muscle strength, endurance and cough effectiveness, reduce sleep apnea hypoventilation, enhance the cardiorespiratory fitness, finally improve the quality of life in stroke patients.

Objective To systematically evaluate the diagnostic value of magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) in the investigation of bile duct anatomy of liver transplantation living donors.Methods A search in Cochrane library,MEDLINE,EMBASE,CBMdisc (China Biology Medicine disc) was performed to identify relevant English and Chinese-language abstracts,supplemented by Springer,OVID,Sciencedirect full text database,etc.Criteria for inclusion were based on validity criteria for diagnostic research published by the Cochrane collaboration.With Meta analysis package for Stata10.1,heterogeneity of the included articles was tested,which was used to select proper effect model to calculate pooled weighted sensitivity and specificity,positive likelihood ratio,negative likelihood ratio. Summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve was performed and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Finally,sensitivity analysis was performed.Results Seventeen articles with 34 studies were included.Heterogeneity analysis revealed heterogeneity between studies and the source was MRCP imaging methods spotted by meta-regression analysis. Subgroup analysis according to MRCP imaging methods showed homogeneity within subgroups.The pooled sensitivity,specificity,positive likelihood ratio,negative likelihood ratio,diagnostic odd ratio of breath-holding thick slice MRCP,3D MRCP,the combination of the prior two methods,contrast enhance MRCP were 0.89,0.78,4.1,0.14,29; 0.92,0.80,4.5,0.10,45;0.95,0.82,5.2,0.06,85; and 1.00,0.76,4.1,0,1228,respectively with fixed effect model analysis.The area under the SROC curve was 0.83,0.92,0.96 and 0.99 respectively.Conclusion The combination of thick slice and 3D MRCP is a practical and effective method with good sensitivity and specificity to investigate bile duct anatomy of living liver transplantation donors,which fully meets the requirements of the preoperative assessment of bile duct structure.

One hundred and four patients aged of 65 years or above with cardiocerebral vascular diseases admitted from March to September 2008 were enrolled in the study. The fast plasma glucose (FPG) and 2 hours postprandial blood glucose (2 hPG) were tested. For patients with undiagnosed diabetes, if FPG≥7.0 mmol/L, 2 hPG≥11.1 mmol/L, their blood sugar index was checked again; if 2hPG was 7.8 mmol/L to 11.1 mmol/L, FPG from 6.1 mmol/L to 7.0 mmol/L, Oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was performed. Among the 104 patients, 30 cases of diabetes were diagnosed previously accounting for 28.8 %; 7 cases were newly diagnosed accounting for 6.8%; 21 cases were diagnosed as impaired glucose regulation accounting for 20.2%, with a total rate of sugar metabolism abnormality of 55.8%. The results indicate that blood glucose index should be regularly checked for elderly patients with cardiocerebral vascular diseases.

Objective To assess the impact factors of surgical site infection(SSI) in the department of general surgery,the improve the quality of the target of monitoring,provide clinical theoretical basis for reducing the incidence of SSI.Methods In 2015,920 patients who underwent general surgery was took in the targeted monitoring of SSI.SPSS19.0 software was used to analyzing the data.Results The infection rate was 4.35％;Surgical site infection rate was rising,with the increase of NNIS.17 pathogens were isolated,including 11 Escherichia colis which was the most.The incidence of the SSI was 2.40％ between two groups in the patients who underwent the elective surgeries 10.85％,in the patients who underwent emergency surgery.there was significant difference between two groups(x2 =27.997,P＜0.05).The type Ⅱ surgical incision was smain type in the department of general surgery,the incidence of the typeⅡ surgical incision was 2.27％,the incidence of the typeⅢ surgical incision was 21.90％,no SSI occurred in the type Ⅰ surgical incision;SSI incidence of surgery time which was more than 3 h was 7.27％,less than 3 h was 3.71 ％,there was significant difference between two groups(x2 =4.136,P＜0.05);the SSI incidence of the incision length ≥10 cm was 13.11 ％,less than 10 cm was 1.82％,the difference was statistically significant (x2=48.966,P＜0.05).Conclusion NNIS score,wound type,type of surgery,duration of surgery may become the risk factors SSI.

Objective To investigate the consistency and stability of two types of pubococcygeal line (PCL) determined by dynamic MRI used in evaluating pelvic organ prolapse (anterior and apical compartments).The first type of PCL was measured from the inferior pubic symphysis to the tip of coccyx (PCLtip) and the second was to the sacrococcygeal joint (PCLjnt).Methods Dynamic MRI changes of 50 female patients who were diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse by pelvic organ prolapse quantification were retrospective reviewed.Chi-square test was used to compare the staging of each pelvic compartment (anterior,apical) with the two PCLs.The lengths and the degree of the oblique angle of the two PCLs during the rest and straining were compared using a paried t test.Results Agreement of PCLjnt with PCLtip was 96％ (48/50) for anterior compartment and 94％ (47/50) for apical compartment.There was no difference between the two PCLs in staging of each pelvic compartment (anterior,apical)(x2 values were 2.000 and 3.000,P values were 0.368 and 0.223).The length of the PCLtip at rest and straining was (10.1±0.8),(10.2± 0.8) cm respectively and the result was statistical significance (t=-2.339,P=0.023).Twenty patients (40％) in the 50 pelvic organ prolapse patients demonstrated a shortening of the PCLtip,while the rest including 30 patients (60％) was longer.The oblique angle of the PCLtip at rest and straining was 22°±6° and 18°±11° respectively(t=3.490,P=0.001).The length of the PCLjnt at rest and straining were (11.2±0.8) and (11.2± 0.8)cm respectively(t=-1.845,P=0.071).The oblique angle of the PCLjnt at rest and straining were 29°±6° and 26°± 10° (t=2.836,P=0.007),but the degree of PCLjnt's oblique angle had a mild fluctuate compared with the PCLtip.Conclusions PCLjnt and PCLtip have the equal level in staging of anterior and apical pelvic organ prolapse.Meanwhile the oblique angle and the length of PCLjnt illustrated the better the stability.