Objective To investigate the relationship between CD + 4CD + 25 regulatory T cells (CD + 4 CD + 25 Tr)and unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (URSA) Methods The expression rate of CD + 4CD + 25 Tr in peripheral blood was determined by double label flow cytometric analysis The samples were taken from 20 normal non pregnancy women, 17 URSA women and 20 normal pregnancy women Results The expression frequency of CD + 4CD + 25 Tr cells was decreased significantly( P 0 05) Conclusion The results suggest that downregulation of CD + 4CD + 25 Tr may be associated with URSA

Recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), which affects 1% to 5% of women of reproductive age, is difficult to treat in the clinical setting. In the investigations of iramunopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of RSA since the late 1980s, it was found that RSA was associated with abnormal maternal local or systemic immune response, the pathogenesis of autoimmune RSA was mainly associated with antiphosphlipid antibody (APA), while that of alloimmune RSA was due to the disturbance of maternofetal immunological tolerance. Systemic etiological screening process and diagnosis systems of RSA with immune type were developed, and anticardiolipin (ACL) + β_2-GP1 combining multiple assay for effective diagnosis of RSA with immune type was initially established. According to dynamic monitoring clinical parameters before and during gestation, low-dose, short-course and individual immunosuppressive therapy and lymphocyte immunotherapy for RSA. With immune type were initiated. The outcomes of the offsprings of patients with RSA were followed up, and the safety and validity of the therapies were confirmed. The research achievement leads to great progress in the diagnosis and treatment of RSA in China.

Leukocytes from peripheral blood of 70 normal Chinese,40 males and 30 females, were cultured in vitro according to a modification of Moorhead's method.Chromosome studies were carried out.Table I lists the results obtained including age group,metaphase plates counted and analysed and the chromosome number of each cell.92.4 per cent of 8031 counted cells had the diploid number(2n=46).Chromosome measurements were made from camera lucida drawings.Measurements were estimated to the nearest 0.1 mm on a fine metric scale.The relative length,arm ratio and centromere index of each chromosome were calculated from measurements of 18 haploid chromosome sets of 11 metaphase plates in 6 males and 4 females.The averages,range of variation and 99% confidence limits are listed in Table Ⅲ.Systematic studies of individual chromosomes under the light microscope revealed the following morphological characteristics.The short arms of all 10 acrocentric chromosomes from groups 13—15 and 21—22 could be shown to possess satellites,but in general only 2—8 of these chromosomes at a time carried satellites.In many cells the satellite-carrying chromosomes tended to associate with each other through their satellites.The number of chromosomes involved in each association varied between 2 to 5,occasionally 6.It was not rare to find secondary constrictions to occur regularly in certain regions of chromosomes 1,4,9,13,and 16.Attachments of satellites to such regions of chromosomes 1,4,9,and 13 were also observed.Karyotypic analysis of 357 metaphase plates led us to conclude that in most cases the unequivocal identification of chromosome pairs 4—5,6—12+X,13—15,19—20,and 21—22 was im- possible.Accurate characterisation of these chromosome pairs will have to await further technical advances. The length of the Y chromosomes was systematically measured in order to deter- mine its variability and heritability.Among our sample of 40 male subjects 29 had a Y chromosome slightly larger than chromosome 21,8 slightly smaller or larger than chromo- some 18(long Y chromosome),and 3 smaller than chromosome 21(short Y chromo- some).The heritability of the size of the Y chromosome was established(Fig.Ⅳ). “Spontaneous”aberrations were discovered in 34 of 70 cases.Aberration rates varied from 0.88 to 13 per cent.The relation between aberrations and radiation injuries was briefly discussed.

ObjectiveTo observe effect of Dachaihu decoction on plasma inflammatory cytokines of acute pancreatitis patients.Methods186 cases of acute pancreatitis were randomly recruited into TCM group and control group.The control group was given routine treatment.On the basis of the control group,the TCM group was given Dachaihu decoction for enema additionally,twice daily,7 days.Then plasma inflammatory cytokines level was tested in both groups.ResultsTCM group had lower levels of TNF-α [ (42.18 ± 20.57) mg/L、(22.06± 10.73) mg/L,(9.88 ±4.62)mg/L],IL-1β[ (0.28 ±0.11) μg/L,(0.19±0.02) μg/L,(0.18 ±0.06)μg/L],and IL-6[(87.90±49.41)ng/L,(16.59±10.24) ng/L,(14.96±11.42) ng/L] at 2/5/7 days than the control group.There were statistical difference (P＜0.05).ConclusionEnema with Dachaihu decoction was effective on reducing plasma inflammatory cytokines level.It was probably the key to cure acute pancreatitis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between Methotrexate (MTX) and its cognitive dysfunction,and to explore the possible mechanism of neurotoxicity induced by MTX.Methods Thirty healthy male SD rats weighting 180-220 g were divided into 3 groups using random number table:control group,60 mg/kg MTX (MTX60) group and 100 mg/kg MTX (MTXt00) group,with 10 rats in each group.The rats in MTX60 group,MTX100 group received 60 mg/kg MTX and 100 mg/kg MTX,respectively.The rats in control group accepted the same volume of 9 g/L saline injection as MTX group.Spatial memory of rats was evaluated by using Morris water maze test at different time points after pretreatment with MTX.After the Morris water maze test,the hippocampus were harvested and the expressions of C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP),cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 12(caspase-12) and cleave cysteinyl aspartate specific proteinase 3 (cleaved caspase-3) were detected by using Western blot.Meanwhile,cell apoptosis and pathological change of hippocampal neurons were detected by terminal dexynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling(TUNEL) assay and HE staining respectively.Results In the Morris water maze test,the time in platform quadrant of rats in MTX60 group and MTX100 group was shorter than that of rats in control group during probe training [(27.30 ±3.98) s and (21.63 ±4.22) s vs (33.30 ±6.31) s,F =13.94,P ＜0.05],and the time in target quadrant of MTX100 group was shorter than that of MTX60 group (P ＜ 0.05).Compared with the control group,there were degenerated neurons in hippocampus cornu ammonis 1 (CA1) area in MTX60 group and MTX100 group.The number of TUNEL-positive cells of the hippocampus CA1 area increased significantly in MTX60 group and MTX100 group rats [(4.72 ±0.12)％ and (9.12±0.12)％ vs (1.11 ±0.49)％,F=95.272,P ＜0.05],and the TUNEL-positive cells of rats in MTX100 group were more than those of MTX60 group (P ＜ 0.05).The expressions of CHOP,caspase-12 and cleaved caspase-3 also increased compared with the control group (CHOP:2.98 ±0.31 and 4.15 ±0.61 vs 0.38 ±0.12,F =232.74,P ＜ 0.05;caspase-12:0.33 ±0.04 and 0.43 ±0.06 vs 0.14 ±0.02,F =120.70,P ＜ 0.05;cleaved caspase-3:0.35 ± 0.04 and 0.44 ± 0.06 vs 0.05 ± 0.03,F =198.64,P ＜ 0.05),and the protein expression levels of rats in MTX100 group were higher than MTX60 group (all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions MTX can induce cognitive impairment in rats,and endoplasmic reticulum stress mediated hippocampal neurons apoptosis may play an important role in the mechanism of MTX-induced cognitive impairment in rats.

Objective:To establish the quality standard for Kangniling Capsules. Methods: Cordyceps, Radix Notoginseng and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis in this prescription were identified by TLC. Ginsenoside Rg1 was determined by HPLC. Results: Cordyceps, Radix Notoginseng and Radix Sophorae Flavescentis could be detected by TLC. The content limit of ginsenoside Rg1 shouldn't be lower than 0.20mg per capsule. Conclusions: The established method is simple, feasible and reproducible. The quality of Kangniling Capsule can be controlled by the method.

Objective To studythe effect of CD+4CD+25 regulatory T(Tr)cells on dendric cells(DC)in peripheral blood and deciduas from unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion(URSA)patients.Methods Four URSA patients(abortion group)and 4 normal early pregnant women(control group)were enrolled in this study.Tr cells and DC in the peripheral blood and deciduas were isolated using Ficoll density gradient centrifugation and magnetic cell sorting(MACS).DC were cultured alone(DC alone)or in combination with Tr cells(DC+Tr)for 6 days,during which the release of interferon(IFN)-γandinterleukin(IL)-10 in the medium was subsequently measured by enzyme linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA).Results(1) Peripheral blood:there was no significant difference in IFN-γlevel between DCalone(23.2±0.7)ng/L and DC+Tr(22.5±3.0)ng/L in abortion group(P>0.05).The similar level of IL-10 was observed between DC alone(37±7)ng/L and DC+Tr(35±4)ng/L in abortion group(P>0.05).IL-10 level,but not IFN-γ,was significantly hisber in DC alone(54±20)ns/L than that in DC+ Tr(36±9)ng/L in control group(P<0.01).(2)Deciduas:there was no significant difference in IFN-γlevel between DC alone(23.4±2.6)ng/L and DC+Tr(24.4±2.5)ng/L in abortion group(P>0.05).Moreover,Similar IL-10 level was found between DC alone(28±7)ng/L and DC+Tr(25±5)ng/L in abortion group(P>0.05).IFN-γlevel in CD alone(30.7±4.6)ng/L was significantly higher than that in DC+Tr(22.6±3.8)ng/L in control group(P<0.01);whereas IL-10 level was much lower in DC alone (27±6)ng/L than that in DC+Tr(31±9)ng/L in control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The decreasing of immunosuppressive funetion of Tr eell of URSA patients affect its regulation on DC.resulting in imbalance of Th1/Th2 and abnormality of maternal-fetal jmmuno-tolerence in URSA.

Objective To investigate the changes of serum T helper cell (TH)1/TH2 type cytokines after the active immunotherapy in unexplained habitual abortion (UHA) women. Methods Concentrations of interleukin (IL) 2, IL 12, interferon (IFN) ?, IL 4, IL 10 and transforming growth factor (TGF) ?1 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (ELISA) method in sera from thirty three cases of unexplained habitual abortion (UHA) women before and after active immunotherapy. Thirty normal non pregnancy (NNP) women and thirty normal pregnancy (NP) women were taken as control. Results (1) Serum concentrations of IL 2 and IL 12 were higher significantly (P

Purpose:Evaluate the operation methods and prognosis following Ivor Lewis subtotal esophagectomy with two-field lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the middle and lower third of the oesophagus. Methods:From March 1997 to March 2001, A total of 356 consecutive patients underwent Ivor Lewis esophagogastrectomy with two-field radical lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the middle and lower third of the oesophagus ,The patients received cupula of pleura or cervical esophagogastroanastomosis with mechanical methods through two incisions (right posterolateral thoracotomy and upper abdominal).Results:The post-operative mortality was 0. anastomotic leakages occurred in 3 patients(0.8%). Gastric leaks for stress gastric ulcer occurred in 2 patients (0.6%). Chylothorax occurred in 2 patients(0.6%). Hoarseness occurred in 5 patients(1.4%),4 cases recuperated after 3 months. Barium swallowed postsurgery through anastomosis and pylorus went through smoothly.Full follow-up was 97.2%. Median survival for operative survivors was 2.6 years (range,61 days to 5 years). The overall 3-year survival rate was 74.5% .The overall 5-year survival rate was 55.49%,it was 94.2% for those in stage Ⅰ,81.5% for those in stage Ⅱa,78.3% for patients in stage Ⅱb,36% for those in stage Ⅲ and 0% for patients in stage Ⅳ. Conclusions:Ivor Lewis esophagogastrectomy with two-field radical lymphadenectomy for carcinoma of the middle and lower third of the oesophagus is a safe operation. There is the low post-operative morbidity. Long-term survival have been improved.

Objective To investigate the relation between the formaldehyde content of newly decorated houses and the time after decoration finished, which will offer an important reference to housing corporations and household. Methods The formaldehyde contents of newly decorated houses in Maoming were analyzed by colorimetry, Mar-Aug, 2003. Results The formaldehyde content in house A, in which the floor was compound floor boards, was higher than that in house B, in which the floor was wearable bricks. The formaldehyde content was not only related to the time after decoration finished, but also to the air temperature. After decoration finished, it must take half a year that the content of formaldehyde would meet the national standard limit. In consecutive testing, it was found that the content of formaldehyde would increase a little as the air temperature increased. Conclusion It must be attached importance to the formaldehyde content in the house floored with compound boards. It will need 6 months at least that the content of formaldehyde meet the requirement of the national standard after the newly house decoration.