Objective To investigate the effect of ethyl pyruvate (EP) on the expression of caspase-3 in the hippocampus and the learn-ing and memory ability in neonatal rats with hypoxic ischemic brain damage (HIBD). Methods 90 Wistar rats of 7 days old were randomly divided into sham operation group (n=15), HIBD group (n=15), EP1 group (n=15, 10 ml/kg), EP2 group (n=15, 30 mg/kg), EP3 group (n=15, 50 mg/kg) and EP4 group (n=15, 100 mg/kg). The model was established with Rice's method. 30 minutes before operation, and every 24 hours after operation, EP groups were injected with 10 ml/kg, 30 mg/kg, 50 mg/kg, 100 mg/kg EP in abdomen respectively, for 2 weeks. Af-ter treatment, the caspase-3 positive cells were observed by immunohistochemical staining, and the latency and the times crossing the target quadrant were tested by Morris water maze test. Results The caspase-3 positive cells were less in EP groups than in HIBD group (P<0.05), expect EP1 group (P>0.05), especially in EP3 group (P<0.01). The latency and the times crossing the target quadrant were better in EP groups than in HIBD group (P<0.05), expect EP1 group (P>0.05), especially in EP3 group (P<0.01). Conclusion Ethyl pyruvate can de-crease the expression of caspase-3 in hippocampus, and improve the ability of memory and learning in neonatal rats with HIBD.

Objective To observe the effects of smoking on lung mucociliary movement and pulmonary function in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and healthy people. Methods Ninety-two patients with COPD (COPD group) were selected, including 48 smoking patients (COPD smoking group) and 44 non-smoking patients (COPD non-smoking group). Another 76 healthy people (control group) were selected, including 37 smokers (control smoking group) and 39 non-smokers (control non-smoking group). The saccharin test and pulmonary function were carried out respectively, including mucociliary clearance time (MCT), forced vital capacity (FVC) and forced expired volume in 1 s (FEV1), and the ratio of FEV1 and FVC (FEV1/FVC) and FEV1 percentage of predicted (FEV1%pre) were calculated. Results The MCT in COPD group was significantly higher than that in control group:(26.17 ± 19.23) min vs. (15.28 ± 11.34) min, the FEV1/FVC and FEV1%pre were significantly lower than those in control group:(54.25 ± 12.76)%vs. (83.04 ± 5.98)%and (53.26±9.84)%vs. (85.38 ± 5.72)%, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The MCT in COPD smoking group was significantly higher than that in COPD non-smoking group and control smoking group: (30.72 ± 27.37) min vs. (18.25 ± 8.19) and (18.31 ± 8.17) min, the FEV1/FVC and FEV1%pre were significantly lower than those in COPD non-smoking and control smoking group: (49.98 ± 11.38)% vs. (58.00 ± 6.85)% and (80.15 ± 4.67)%, (50.24 ± 8.77)%vs. (61.31 ± 4.62)%and (82.13 ± 4.58)%, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The MCT in COPD non-smoking group was significantly higher than that in control non-smoking group, the FEV1/FVC and FEV1%pre were significantly lower than those in control non-smoking group, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). The MCT in control smoking group was significantly higher than that in control non-smoking group: (18.31 ± 8.17) min vs. (11.26 ± 7.53) min, and there were statistical differences (P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in FEV1/FVC and FEV1%pre between control smoking group and control non-smoking group (P>0.05). The Pearson correlation analysis result showed that there was positive correlation between MCT and smoking intensity, age (r = 0.346 and 0.256, P<0.05), and there was negative correlation between MCT and FEV1/FVC, FEV1%pre (r = -0.327 and -0.414, P<0.05). Conclusions Smoking can destroy the mucociliary function and aggravate the deterioration of lung function in patients with COPD.

Objective To investigate whether 5, 7-dihydrox-8-nitrochrysin (NOC) induces apoptosis in U937 monocytic leukae-mia cells is involved in the regulation of the activity of PKD 2.Methods U937 cell line cells were cultured in vitro .Apoptosis rate was analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) using propidium iodide (PI) staining.DNA ladder bands were observed by DNA agarose gel electro-phoresis.The phosphorylated protein expression of PKD 2 was analyzed using Western blot .Results NOC (2.5, 5.0, and 10.0μmol/L) increased apoptosis rate in U937 cells in a concentration-dependent manner ( P <0.05).After treatment with NOC (5.0 and 10.0μmol/L) for 24 h, U937 cells presented typical DNA ladder bands .At the same time, not only did NOC effectively down-regulate the ex-pression of PDK2 phosphorylated protein , but also increased apoptosis rate in U 937 cells in the presence of G?6976, a specific inhibitor of PKD2.Conclusions The effect that NOC induces apoptosis in U 937 cells is related to the inhibition of the activity of PKD 2.

Objective To investigate the incidence of white matter lesions(WML) in acute ischemic stroke ,and to analyze its the risk factors .Methods Totally 248 cases of acute ischemic stroke patients were selected ,patients′general information were in‐vestigated ,the WML severity with Fazekas rating scale were evaluated and patients were divided into severe group and no severe group according to the results ,the differences of general information between two groups were compared ,the severe WML was set as dependent variable ,the risk factors were ananlzed by multiariable Logistic regression analysis .Results There were 106 cases se‐vere WML patients among 248 cases acute ischemic stroke ,the incidence was 42 .74% ;single factor analysis found that the age in severe group was significantly higher than non severe group ,the incidence of hypertension ,diabetes in severe group was significantly higher than non severe group ,the difference was statistical significance (P<0 .05);multiariable Logistic regression analysis showed that age (OR=4 .116 ,95% CI:1 .816-6 .454 ,P=0 .000) ,hypertension (OR=1 .462 ,95% CI:0 .842-1 .946 ,P=0 .026) and dia‐betes (OR=1 .157 ,95% CI:0 .698-1 .673 ,P=0 .038)were the independent risk factors of severe WML in acute ischemic stroke . Conclusion The incidence of severe WML in acute ischemic stroke patients is high ,we need to targeted prevention measures on ol‐der age ,hypertension ,diabetes mellitus patients to reduce severe WM L occurred .

To train health supervision talents , one of the scarce talent cultivation plans of National Health and Family Planning Commission, the undergraduate of health supervision was set up by Harbin Medical University and approved by the Ministry of education in 2012. According to the problems of personnel training, the competency model of health supervision was established through empirical research, which covered six aspects and 33 factors, and based on the model, the personnel training model was developed to cultivate the compound health supervision talents to meet the demand of health supervision, and the curriculum system covered medical, law, supervision and management courses. In order to realize the target of talent training, some viable measures were taken such as re-forming the traditional teaching methods, establishing comprehensive teachers, strengthening teacher training, and so on.

Objective To evaluate the effect of alveolar recruitment maneuver on the perioperative pulmonary function in the morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.Methods Forty morbidly obese patients of both sexes,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,aged 18-64 yr,with body mass index ≥ 40 kg/m2,scheduled for elective laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy,were randomly divided into either control group (group C) or alveolar recruitment maneuver group (group R) using a random number table,with 20 patients in each group.Patients in group C were treated with volume-or pressure-controlled ventilation after creation of pneumoperitoneum,maintaining the peak inspiratory pressure (Ppeak) ≤ 30 cmH2O and partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 35-40 mmHg.Patients in group R received alveolar recruitment maneuver once every 30 min starting from creation of pneumoperitoneum until the end of surgery.Patients were transfered to post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) with endotracheal tube which was extubated when the unified extubation standard was achieved in PACU.The patients who stayed in PACU for 2 h showing no indications for extubation were transfered to intensive care unit for continuous ventilation support.Immediately after intubation,immediately after creation of pneumoperitoneum,at 30,60 and 90 min of pneumoperitoneum,and at the end of pneumoperitoneum,blood samples were collected from the radial artery for blood gas analysis.Immediately after intubation,immediately after creation of pneumoperitoneum,at 30,60 and 90 min of pneumoperitoneum,at the end of surgery,and immediately before discharge from PACU,Ppeak,plateau pressure (Peat),and dynamic lung compliance were recorded.The time for achieving extubation standard and time for achieving the standard for discharge from PACU were recorded.Patients were followed up until discharge,and the feeding time and duration of hospital stay were recorded.Results Compared with group C,PaO2 and oxygenation index were significantly increased at 90 min of pneumoperitoneum,at the end of surgery,and immediately before discharge from PACU,Ppeak was decreased at 60 and 90 min of pneumoperitoneum and immediately after the end of pneumoperitoneum,Pplat was decreased at 60 and 90 min of pneumoperitoneum,the dynamic lung compliance was increased at 30,60 and 90 min of pneumoperitoneum and immediately after the end of pneumoperitoneum,and the time for achieving extubation standard,time for achieving the standard for discharge from PACU,feeding time,and duration of hospital stay were shortened in group R (P＜0.05 or 0.01).In group C,one patient did not present with indications for extubation and were transfered to intensive care unit for continuous ventilation support.Conclusion Intraoperative alveolar recruitment maneuver can effectively improve the intraoperative pulmonary function and promote the recovery of postoperative pulmonary function in the morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

Objective:To study the distribution and expression of STAT6 and to examine the suggested roles of STAT6 in the pathogenesis of eosinophil infiltration in nasal polyps and to evaluate the role of STAT6 in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps.Method:All selected cases met the enrollment criteria.Thirty samples of nasal polyps were obtained from patients undergoing nasal polypectomy, and 10 samples of inferior turbinate tissues were from patients undergoing nasal septal reconstruction.STAT6 in nasal polyp tissues from 30 nasal polyposis patients and 10 samples of inferior turbinate tissues were detected with immunohistochemistry(SP) method.SPSS13.0 system was used to perform the statistical analysis.Result:The positive expression of STAT6 was significantly higher in epithelium of nasal polyps than that of the control. The number of eosinophils was significantly higher in epithelium of nasal polyps than that of the control. The difference between these two groups was statitically significant(P<0.05). STAT6 positive cell were localized on epithelium, gland cells and on inflammatory cell of nasal polyps. STAT6 expression was positively correlated with the recruitment of eosinophils in nasal polyps.Conclusion:The high expression of STAT6 protein and the suggested roles of STAT6 in the recruitment of eosinophils in nasal polyps may contribute to the initiation and progression of nasal polyps.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and summarize clinical characteristic, treatment scheme and survival rate of primary melanom in nasal cavity and sinus. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed the 9 patients with primary melanom in nasal cavity and sinus who in data proceed were treated and reviewed the related literature. RESULT: Among the 9 patients, the clinical main symptoms are rhinostegnosis of lateral nasal and intermittent nasal bleeding. Pathologic examination is mainly characterized by tumor cells abnormity and cytoplasm containing pigment or without pigment, and main diagnosis basis is some or all of the positive for HMB45, S-100, melan-A. The survival rate are 88.9% (8/9) of 1-year, 66.7% (6/9) of 3-year and 33.3% (3/9) of 5-year. CONCLUSION The incidence of primary melanom in nasal cavity and sinusis is not frequent in clinic and confirmed by immunohistochemical. The extensive radical excision of focus and combine adjuvant radiotherapy postoperative may improve the survival rate of patients.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Melanoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity ; Nose Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Retrospective Studies

ObjectiveTo explore the change of renal cortical perfusion in rabbits by microbubbles-enhanced ultrasound cavitation.MethodsTotally 20 New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into four groups, 5 rabbits in each group. SonoVue was injected via the ear vein at a dose of 0.1 ml/kg. The renal perfusion imaging 30 s modeling was made. Under the mode of contrast enhancement, the rabbit kidneys irradiated with different mechanical indexs (MI) were 0.6 (MI 0.6 group) , 0.75 (MI 0.75 group) , 1.1 (MI 1.1 group) and 1.3 (MI 1.3 group) for 60 s, 15 min respectively. After the irradiation and conventional ultrasound contrast was made again, the renal perfusion imaging was mad. The time-intensity curves (TIC) were analyzed obtained from the following parameters: the slope rate of ascending curve (A) , the slope rate of descending curve (α) , area under the curve (AUC) , time to peak (TTP) , and derived peak intensity (DPI) . One-way ANOVA and LSD-t were used to analyze all experimental data.ResultsCompared with the MI 0.6 group, the MI 1.1 group and the MI1.3 group, the A, α were less than MI 0.6 group, the AUC, DPI, TTP were greater than MI 0.6 group, and the differences were statistically signiifcant (MI 1.1 groupvs MI 0.6 group:t=3.13, 5.31, 4.25, 4.53, 5.72, allP<0.05; MI 1.3 groupvs MI 0.6 group:t=3.67, 6.23, 4.47, 5.48, 6.86, allP<0.05). Compared with the MI 0.75 group, the MI 1.1 group and the MI 1.3 group, the α were less than MI 0.75 group, the AUC, DPI, TTP were greater than MI 0.75 group, and the differences were statistically signiifcant (MI 1.1 groupvs MI 0.75 group:t=6.02, 4.36, 4.85, 5.83, allP<0.05; MI 1.3 groupvs MI 0.75 group:t=6.19, 4.51, 5.73, 6.97, allP<0.05); the MI 1.1 group and the MI 1.3 group, the A were less than MI 0.75 group, and the difference were not statistically signiifcant. The MI 1.1 group and the MI 1.3 group, the MI 0.6 and the MI 0.75 group, and the difference were not statistically signiifcant.ConclusionsTo the change of hemodynamic of the rabbits renal cortical perfusion in the microbubbles-enhanced ultrasound cavitation contrast agent can be observed. Along with the mechanical index increased renal cortical perfusion flow stasis and the perfusion on of slowed in rabbit, may cause renal damage, the TIC curve displayed further changes.