Objective To investigate the effect of implementation of QCC (quality control circle) in management of preoperative examination.Methods Through analysis of the common factors of patients' preoperative examination,the QCC was used to manage every parts of preoperative examination,and the nursing process of preoperative examination for resident patients was formulated.The effect of nursing management of preoperative examination before and after the implementation of QCC was investigated and compared.Results The result showed that the degree of satisfaction was significantly higher than before,and the risk incident was significantly lower than before.Conclusions To carry out QCC could improve the efficiency of preoperative examination and the patients' safety,as well as enhance the awareness of the nursing management.

Objective To study possible mechanisms of oxidative damages in rat lung type Ⅱ cells induced by cooking oil fume (COF). Methods The rat type Ⅱ lung cells were pretreated with anti_oxidant N_acetylcysteine (NAC) for 30 miuntes and were exposed to COF for 12 hours. The contents of MDA and GSH were detected with thiobarbituric acid colorimetric assay and 5,5_dithiobis 2_nitrobenzoic acid colorimetric assay. Results The significant increase of the contents of MDA and significant decrease of the contents of GSH were observed in the rat lung type Ⅱ cells with the increase of exposure doses of COF and the prolongation of exposure time of COF. The pretratment of NAC could reduce the production of MDA and increase the contents of GSH of the cells. Conclusion The possible mechanisms of oxidative damages in rat lung type Ⅱ cells induced by cooking oil rume might be formation of lipid peroxidation and interference of GSH anti_oxidative systems of the cells.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical safety and effectiveness of heavy specific gravity levobupivacaine in spinal block.Method:30 selective general surgical patients of ASAⅠ～Ⅱin obstetrics and gynecology were randomly di- vided into levobupivacaine group(L group)and bupivacaine group(B group).After opening the venous channel and transfusing equilibrium liquid 30 mins,the T 4-5 space was selected as the puncture site for the epidural puncture.The 2 medicaments were injected in the rate of 0.1 ml/s respectively.Then the anesthetizing onset time,maintenance time,time of motion blockade and restoration,effect of anesthesia,variations of blood pressure and heart rate and adverse drug reac- tion were observed.Result:The onset time was 82.61?22.10 s in L group and 59.30?21.50s in B group,respectively. The variations of SBP,DBP and HR in L group were less than those in B group.There was no significant difference in the 2 groups in maintenance time,time of motion blockade and restoration and effect of anesthesia.Conclusion:Compared with bupivacaine,heavy specific gravity levobupivacaine can make the same anesthesia effect with a steadier blood circulation. The specific gravity levobupivacaine is a safe and feasible drug for spinal anesthesia.

Objective To measure and analyze the staffing standards of family doctor interdisciplinary team by means of the WHO workload indicator of staffing need (WISN)method,for reference of the government in building family doctor interdisciplinary teams.Methods 150 community health centers in 16 provinces were selected.The related data from 150 centers were collected to analyze the population served by each family doctor,and the staffing standards of family doctor interdisciplinary team by means of the WHO workload indicator of staffing need(WISN)method.Results There were 10 721 community health professionals in the sample centers which provide 132.14 million standard equivalents of service to the public.1 9 6 1 6 community health professionals were needed to ensure the quality of service and no extra workload after work for professionals.Averagely,each family doctor can serve 1 558 residents,who needs 1.3~1.5 nurses or public health workers.Conclusions A huge gap was found for community health professionals.The population served by each family doctor should be lowered compared to the governmental requirement and more nurses should be introduced to the family doctor interdisciplinary team.

Objective To explore the mechanism of the skin lesion induced by oxidation hair dyes Methods The effects of subjects,such as oxidation hair dyes,hydrogen peroxide (H 2O 2) and p phenylenediamine (PPD) and their mixture which were main components of oxidation hair dyes,on the proliferation of rat's keratinocytes were detected by primary culture technique of rat's keratinocytes and MTT colorimetric assay Results All of the observed groups presented a certain inhibition on proliferation of the rat's keratinocytes,except the group exposed to PPD at the lowest dose for the shorter period The OD values decreased with the increase of exposure levels and periods Dose response relationship was observed between the exposure levels and inhibition rates of cell survival(the r values after 24 h exposue: r H 2O 2 =0 981, r PPD =0 949, r PPD-H 2O 2 =0 963, r hair dyes =0 887) Conclusion The skin lesion induced by oxidation hair dyes might associated with its cytotoxicity

Objective:To investigate the relationship between TGF-? 1mRNA and acute rejection of small intestinal allografts in rats.Methods:Rats were divided into two groups.Group Ⅰ:Wistar→SD Small intestinal transplantation,Group Ⅱ:Wistar→SD Small intestinal transplantation+CsA.The pathologic changes of allografts at 3 rdday,5 thday,7 thday after operation investigated and the transcription of IL-2,IFN- ?,and TGF-? 1mRNA was detected by semi-quantity RT-PCR.Results:Pathologic change:There was acute rejection at 3 rdday,and became severe at 7 thday in group Ⅰ,and there was only slight rejection at 7 thday in groupⅡ.TIFN-?、IL-2mRNA obviously increased after operation in groupⅠ.But they increased only a little in group Ⅱ.It had statistical significance between the two groups(P

Objective To investigate the expression of 5-LOX in pancreatic cancer tissue and the relationship between 5-LOX expression and expression of VEGF.Methods The expression of 5-LOXmRNA,(VEGFmRNA) in 35 pancreatic cancer fresh tissue samples were detected by semi-quantitive reverse(transcriptase)-polymerase chain reaction method.Results Expression of 5-LOXmRNA,VEGFmRNA in(pancreatic) cancer tissue were 74.3%,60% respectively,and the expression was correlated to the with(clinical) stages of the tumor;also expression of VEGFmRNA was correlated to the differentiation of the tumor.Expression of 5-LOXmRNA and VEGFmRNA were synergetic in pancreatic cancer(P

Acetylcysteine ; urine ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Brominated ; metabolism ; urine

Chromatography, Gas ; Humans ; Hydrocarbons, Brominated ; urine

In this paper,the educational mode of master of public health (MPH) in America and China were reviewed through literatures searching and internet searching and the difference between America and China were compared from the sources of students,students' characters,educational objective,specialties and curricula,methods of teaching and management.There is still a certain gap in education of MPH in China.The educational mode needs optimizing with changing enrollment methods,definitude training objectives,perfect curriculum setting,increased opportunities for practice and strict quality control,so that the educational mode of MPH will be perfected in China.