In the reform of teaching acupuncture,teaching medium-length in advance so that students understand and master acupuncture basic operations while learning meridian and acupoints can help students solve the problem of memorizing them in massed learning of acupoints and arouse their learning interests in the abstract and boring meridian and acupoints and give them more hands-operation opportunities to make up for the few training courses in medium-length Acupuncture and Moxibustion.In order to achieve the purpose of teaching reform,in our early years of teaching medium-length ahead,we feel that we should grasp such main factors as when to bring forward teaching,what contents to choose and how to prepare acupuncture tools and how to design the training contents.

Objective To observe the effects of embedding implantation of collagen and Tetramethylpyrazine in acupoints and electro-acupuncture on the expression of HSP70 in hippocampus of rat with focal cerebral ischemia reperfusion. Methods SD rats were randomly divided into normal group, sham operation group, model group, electro-acupuncture group, embedding medicine in acupoints group. Model of local ischemia was made by middle cerebral artery occlusion, preparation of implantation collagen and electro acupuncture and Tetramethylpyrazine was embedded in the acupoints of Dazhui and Neiguan two-sided. The expression of HSP-70 protein in hippocampus of different time point (24, 72, 120 h) was assayed by immunohistochemistry. Results There were only few positive cells of HSP-70 in normal group and sham operation group. The expression of HSP-70 in each therapy group were all heightened, and achieved the peak 24 h later and then declined in brain tissue after focal cerebral ischemiareperfusion, the differences were relatively prominent compared with the same phase model group (P

Objective To investigate the mechanism of electro-acupuncture (EA) at different frequency in improving synaptic plasticity injury in Alzheimer's disease(AD) rats, and to provide the theoretical basis for the clinical application of electro-acupuncture for the treatment of AD. Methods Ninety Wistar rats were randomly divided into normal group, model group, sham-operation group, and 2 Hz, 30 Hz, 50 Hz acupuncture groups, 15 rats in each group. AD rat model was established by injection of amyloid β1-42 (Aβ1-42) into the lateral ventricle. The rats in EA groups were treated with EA on Baihui and Shenshu acupoints at different frequencies (2, 30, 50 Hz). Learning and memory ability and space exploration ability of rats in each group were measured by Morris water maze test. The synaptic ultrastructure of hippocampus was observed by transmission electron microscopy. Nerve fibers were stained using Golgi techniques. The protein and phosphorylation levels of glycogen synthase kinase 3 beta (GSK-3β) in the brain tissues were detected by Western blotting method. Results(1) Compared with the normal group, the average escape latency time in the model group was significantly prolonged (P < 0.05), and the number of platform crossing was significantly reduced (P < 0.05), indicating that AD model had been established successfully. The average escape latency of rats in EA groups was significantly shortened and the frequency of platform crossing was increased as compared with those of the model group (P < 0.05). (2) The synaptic morphology of the hippocampus showed that the anterior membrane, posterior membrane and the interspace of the synapses in the model group were blurred, and the membrane structures of synapses were incomplete and dissolved. But the synaptic ultrastructures of the 3 EA groups were improved.(3) In the model group, the neurofibrillary tangles were found in the brain tissue, while the neurofibrillary tangles were relieved and the nerve fibers became clear in EA groups.(4) The levels of GSK-3β and GSK-3β(pTyr216) in the model group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (P < 0.05), whearas the GSK-3β(pSer9) level was significantly down-regulated (P < 0.05). In the EA groups, the levels of GSK-3βand GSK-3β(pTyr216) were down-regulated, while GSK-3β(pSer9) level was increased with the frequency of EA, and there was significant difference compared with the model group (P<0.05). (5) Compared with 2 Hz and 30 Hz EA groups, the number of plateau crossing, the average escape latency and the protein and phosphorylation levels of GSK-3β in 50 Hz EA group were significantly improved (P < 0.05). The improvement of synaptic morphology and neurofibrillary tangles of 50 Hz EA group was superior to that of the other 2 EA groups. Conclusion EA at different frequency can improve the learning and memory ability of AD rats, and the effect of 50 Hz is stronger. The therapeutic effect might be achieved by regulating the expression level of GSK-3βprotein and phosphorylation levels, which can improve synaptic plasticity damage of AD rats.

Objective To observe the effect of cupping plus medication on the quality of life and estrogen level in perimenopausal syndrome patients. Method A total of 40 eligible perimenopausal syndrome patients were randomized into a cupping-medication group and a Chinese medication group, 20 cases in each group. The Chinese medication group was intervened by Er Xian decoction, the cupping-medication group was intervened by moving cupping on the back in addition to the treatment given to the Chinese medication group, once a week. Each item of the Menopause-specific Quality of Life (MENQOL), the levels of estradiol (E2), follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteotropic hormone (LH) in serum were observed before and after the treatment, and the results were analyzed. Result After two treatment courses, the vasomotor symptoms, mental state, physiological state, and sexual life scores in the two groups were significantly improved compared to the scores before the treatment (P<0.05,P<0.01), and there was a significant difference between the two groups in comparing the MENQOL total score (P<0.01). The between-group comparison after the treatment showed that the cupping-medication group was significantly superior to the Chinese medication group (P<0.05). After two treatment courses, the serum E2 levels in the two groups were significantly higher than those before the treatment (P<0.01), and the increase in the cupping-medication group was more significant than that in the Chinese medication group (P<0.05). After the treatment, the serum FSH and LH levels in the two groups were lower compared to those before the treatment, but without statistical significance (P>0.05). Conclusion Moving cupping on the back plus Er Xian decoction can effectively improve the quality of life of perimenopausal syndrome patients and significantly increase the serum E2 level, superior to using Er Xian decoction alone.

OBJECTIVE:To prepare a compound resorcinol liniment(RSA)for treating acne METHODS:To prepare RSA and observe its stability RESULTS:The quality of RSA was stable in the term of validity and its clinical effect rate amounted to 97 3% CONCLUSION:RSA is easy to prepare,the therapeutic effect is satisfactory,and its stability is good

Forty cases of type Ⅱ diabetes mellitus were treated by puncturing point Neiguan (PC 6), and the effect on their cardiac vegetative nerve functions were observed at 20 min, 40 min and 60 min after acupuncture respectively. The findings showed that all heart rate variables improved remarkably at the three time periods after acupuncture treatment, with significant differences (P＜0.01); but there was no significant difference in the curative effects among the three time periods.

Objective To observe the effect of electroacupuncture with different frequencies on learning and memory ability, synaptic morphology and synaptic density in the hippocampus of Alzheimer's disease rats. Methods Forty-eight healthy Wistar rats were randomly di-vided into normal group, sham operation group, model group, 2 Hz, 30 Hz and 50 Hz electroacupuncture groups with 8 cases in each group. The Alzheimer's disease model was established by injecting Aβ1-42 into two sides of lateral cerebral ventricle. The sham operation group was injected with normal saline instead. The electroacupuncture groups received electroacupuncture at Baihui (DU20) and Shenshu (BL23) acu-points. The learning and memory ability was evaluated with Morris water maze test, and the morphology and density of synapse were ob-served by electron microscope. Results Compared with the model group, the latency was shorter, the time of crossing the platform was short-er and the number of crossing the platform was more in the electroacupuncture groups (P<0.01), especially in the 50 Hz electroacupuncture group (P<0.01). The number of synapse and the synaptic density were more in the electroacupuncture groups than in the model group (P<0.01), especially in the 50 Hz electroacupuncture group (P<0.01). Conclusion Electroacupuncture could improve learning and memory abili-ty and increase synaptic density in rats with Alzheimer's disease, especially with high frequency.

No abstract available.

Objective To study the treatment effect of cinnamaldehyde on Aspergillus fumigatus biofilm(BF) in vitro .Meth‐ods The models of A .fumigatus BF were established in vitro ;the minimum inhibitory concentration(MIC) on A .fumigatus was measured .The crystal violet assay and scanning electron microscopy were employed to determined the treatment effect of A .fumiga‐tus biofilm under varying concentrations of cinnamaldehyde .Results BF models were established successfully in vitro .MIC value of A .fumigatus of cinnamaldehyde was 256 μg/mL ;The biofilm biomass in serially increasing concentrations of cinnamaldehyde(1 MIC ,1/2 MIC ,1/4 MIC)were 0 .81 ± 0 .11 ,1 .13 ± 0 .18 and 1 .59 ± 0 .11 respectively .Compared to untreated control group(2 .18 ± 0 .15) ,difference achieved statistical significance(P<0 .05) .SEM studies revealed the deformity of three‐dimensional structures of biofilms treated with sub‐MICs of cinnamaldehyde .Conclusion Cinnamaldehyde has significant antifungal activity against Aspergil‐lus fumigatus ,sub‐MICs could disrupt the mature biofilm in vitro .

Objective To investigate the drug resistance,source and molecular epidemiology of methicillin-resistant Staphyloccus aureus(MRSA)causing nosocomial infection. Methods Fifty-seven pathogenic MRSA strains were isolated from Beijing Tongren Hospital during 2007 and 2008.K-B method,MIC assay,multiple PCR,automatic repetitive element sequence-based PCR(REP-PCR)typing platform and DL MRSA Library were used to identify the resistant phenotypes,Panton-Valentine leukocidin gene (pvl)and REP-PCR types of the MRSA.Results All strains were classified as 6 antibiotic resistant phenotypes(a-f)based on the resistance to rifampin,clindamycin,levofloxacin and cotrimoxazole.The MRSAs with Staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec(SCCmec)Ⅲ and SCCmec Ⅱ accounted for 91.23% (52/57)and 5.26%(3/57)of all strains,respectively.Only one strain was pvl positive.All strains were typed as REP-A-F(6 types)and three single clones by automatic REP-PCR typing platform,in which REP-C was predominant(30/57,52.63%).Three out of 6 REP-D strains were from laryngology wards.The REP-C-SCCmec Ⅲ were genetically most close to the Brazilian clone-SCCmec Ⅲ in DL MRSA Library.Conclusion s REP-C-SCCmec Ⅲ-a type are the major epidemic hospital-associated MRSA and the REP-D-SCCmec Ⅲ-d is usually isolated from patients received laryngeal surgery. Automatic REP-PCR typingplatform combined with DL MRSA Library database is an effective approach to study the nosocomial infection.