Objective To explore the influence of different biological sources of thromboplastin reagent on prothrombin time (PT) detection .Methods The thromboplastin reagents sourced from the rabbit brain extract provided by the Shanghai Taiyang Bi‐ological Technology Co .,Ltd .and Shanghai Changdao Biological Technology Co .,Ltd .and recombination tissue factor were selected and used for detecting PT in the non‐Warfarin treatment group(group A ,38 cases) and the Warfarin group(group B ,43 cases) by the Sysmex CA7000 blood coagulation analyzer .The detection results from different sources of prothrombin reagents were com‐pared between the two groups and performed the statistical analysis .Results In the group A ,the detection results had no statistical differences among the reagent R1 ,R2 ,R3 and R4 (F=3 .42 ,P>0 .05 ,n=38);in the group B ,the detection results had statistical differences among the reagent R1 ,R2 ,R3 and R4 (F=57 .68 ,P<0 .05 ,n=43) ,while the detection results had no statistical differ‐ences between reagent R1 and R3(t=2 .21 ,P>0 .05) and between reagent R2 and R4(t=2 .09 ,P>0 .05) .Conclusion The detec‐tion results of PT by different sources of PT reagent in the non‐Warfarin treatment patients demonstrate no significant difference , but the detection results in the Warfarin treatment patients have highly significant difference;the recombination tissue factor throm‐boplastin reagent has higher sensitivity ,which used for monitoring PT in the warfarin treated patients should establish a new thera‐peutic standard value for avoiding to cause the misdiagnosis and mistreatment .

Objective To investigate T cell-mediated anti-HBV effects of dendritic cells (DCs) sensitized by HBsAg in patients with HBV infection in vitro. Methods DCs isolated from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of HBV patients were cultured and proliferated in vitro, and then were stimulated with pure HBsAg before DCs maturation, and co-cultured with auto-T lymphocytes after DCs maturation. The T lymphocytes were then harvested 5 days later and added into the supernatant of 2.2.15 cell cultures. The supernatants were collected on 1st, 3rd, 5th and 7th day, respectively. ELISA was employed to detect HBeAg and the secretion of HBsAg, as well as to measure the concentration of IFN-? and IL-12 in culture supernatents. Results The proliferation and cytotoxicity of auto-T cells were markedly enhanced in the antigen stimulated DCs group compared with that of DCs without loaded antigen and only T lymphocyte group (P

Objective To identify the property and implications of dendritic cells of peripheral blood monocytes (PBMC) in patients with persistent HBV infection. Methods The PBMC from 18 patients with persistent HBV infection and 10 healthy subjects were incubated and induced into mature dendritic cells (DC) in the completed medium containing GM CSF、IL 4、FLt3 L and TNF ? cytokines. The flow cytometric analysis was employed to detect the expression of surface markers on DC. ELISA test was used to determine the level of interleukin 12 (IL 12) and IL 10 cytokines produced by DCs. The stimulatory capacity of DC were also determined in allogenic mixed leukocyte reaction (MLR). Results A typical morphology of DCs was observed when the PBMCs from healthy subjects and HBV infected patients were induced for 6 7 day in vitro incubation, but there were some significant differences of DCs as follows: (1) the proliferation ability and number of DCs significantly decreased, in particular, the expression levels of HLA DR,CD80(B7 1),CD86(B7 2) and CD1? on DC surface were simultaneously much lower in patients compared to healthy subjects ( P

Objective To investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and dose area product (DAP) as well as fluoroscopy time during coronary angiography (CAG) in Han nationality subjects in order to improve early judging and reducing high radiation risk. Methods CAG materials of 451 Han nationality subjects were retrospectively analyzed. The patients included 276 males (age 32-87 years) and 175 females (age 42-84 years), and the BMI values ranged from 17.30 to 35.42 kg/m2. According to BMI values, the patients were divided into group A(BMI<20 kg/m2,n=25), group B (BMI 20-24.9 kg/m2,n=204), group C (BMI 25-29.9 kg/m2,n=192) and group D (BMI>30 kg/m2,n=30). The mean DAP and fluoroscopy time of each group were calculated; the DAP values were compared between each other among the four groups by using nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test, while the fluoroscopy time was compared between each other among the four groups by using single factor analysis of variance or LSD-t test. Results The mean DAP of group A, B, C and D was(1 070.07±541.33) μGym2,(1 326.82±606.91) μGym2,(1 937.99±1 030.31) μGym2 and (2 654.53±1 296.69) μGym2 respectively. The mean fluoroscopy time of group A, B, C and D was (3.53± 2.08) min, (2.70 ±1.80) min, (2.75 ±1.88) min and (2.71 ±1.69) min respectively. Statistically significant difference in DAP values existed between each other among the four groups (P<0.05) except between group A and group B (P=0.232). Statistically significant difference in fluoroscopy time existed between group A and other three groups (P<0.05), while the difference in fluoroscopy time between each other among B, C and D groups was not significant (P>0.05). Conclusion The DAP values of adult Han subjects receiving CAG are increased with the increase of BMI values; the fluoroscopy time is significantly prolonged in patients with BMI<20 kg/m2. In performing interventional procedure, the operator should not only understand that the increase of BMI can cause the increase of DAP, but also need to pay special attention to the increase of DAP value caused by operation difficulty when the patient’s BMI is <20 kg/m2.

Objective:To develop a method for the quality control of Cuochuang powder .Methods:Rhei Radix et Rhizoma, An-gelicae Dahuricae Dadix and Saposhnikoviae Radix were identified by TLC .GC was used for the determination of patchouli alcohol , menthol and borneol .Results:The TLC spots were clear without any interference from the negative control .The linear range of pat-chouli alcohol was 0.020 1-0.805 6 mg· ml-1 , that of borneol was 0.010 0-0.401 6 mg· ml-1 , and that of menthol was 0.005 1-0.202 8 mg· ml-1.The average recovery (n=6) was 102.03% (RSD=0.91%), 100.10% (RSD =1.94%) and 103.15%(RSD=1.68%),respectively.Conclusion:The method is simple, accurate and repeatable, which can be used for the quality control of Cuochuang powder .

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy of phlegm and nourishing Yin combined with glucocorticoids in the treatment of refractory Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children .Methods 134 children with Mycoplasma pneumonia were divided into control group and observation group according to the random number , 67 cases in each group .The control group were given hydrocortisone ,and the observation group received phlegm and nourishing Yin combined with glucocorticoid .After intervention ,the clinical data and the improvement of the clinical symptoms of the two groups were compared .Results There was no statistically significant difference in antipyretic time between the two groups(P>0.05).The time of cough relief,the absorption time of lung rales,the disappearance time of pleural effusion of the observation group were (3.61 ±1.13) d,(6.52 ±1.90) d and (7.02 ±2.10) d, respectively,which were significantly shorter than those of the control group [(4.89 ±2.18)d,t=2.920,P=0.021;(8.24 ±2.75)d,t=3.108,P=0.000;(9.26 ±2.38)d,t=5.027,P=0.000].There were no statistically signifi-cant differences in the total white blood cell count ,C-reactive protein and erythrocyte sedimentation rate between the two groups(all P>0.05).The percentage of lymphocytes in the observation group [(55.25 ±4.91)％] was signifi-cantly higher than that in the control group [(50.16 ±4.83)％,t=2.597,P=0.037].The effective treatment rate in the observation group was 97.01％,which was significantly higher than 83.58％in the control group (χ26.849,P=0.009).Conclusion Heat phlegm and nourishing Yin combined with glucocorticoid can not only effectively improve the patients'clinical symptoms , improve the proportion of lymphocyte , but also can improve the overall efficacy of children,it is worthy of clinical promotion .

Objective The advantages of the treating allergic rhinitis (AR) by sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation with acupuncture were evaluated.Methods Databases including CBMDisk, CNKI, WanFang, VIP, Cochrane Library, PubMed, ProQuest, ChiCTR, ISRCTN, ClinicalTrials.gov and CENTRAL were searched from the beginning of database established to Jan 2015. All issues from Jan 2004 to Jan 2015 published onjournals Chinese Acupuncture & Moxibustion,Shanghai Journal of Acupuncture and Moxibustion, Acupuncture Research,Journal of Clinical Acupuncture and Moxibustion,Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine and Chinese Journal of Otorhinolaryngology in Integrative Medicine were searched by hand at meantime. All data were extracted based on the inclusive and exclusive criteria which was pre-designed, the Revman5.3 was applied for meta-analysis, and the studies qualities were analyzed by grade score.Results 118 articles were collected, 7 studies that involving 1 230 patients met the inclusive criteria. The result indicated that the sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation with acupuncture as the main treatment of AR showed the better total response rate compared to conventional drugs, theOR(95%CI) was 3.22(1.81 - 5.75); however the change of total symptom score had no statistical significant difference, the MD(95%CI) was 0.69 (-0.56 - 1.93), the change of IgE had no statistical significant difference,theSMD(95%CI) was -0.07 (-0.97 - 0.83).Conclusion The main treatment on AR by sphenopalatine ganglion stimulation with acupuncture may has better efficacy than western medicine. But due to the methodological biases existed in most studies, future high-quality RCTs were needed to be included into Meta-analysis to test today’s study conclusion.

OBJECTIVETo research the genetic diversity of different Rhodiola rosea geographical populations in Tianshan Mountain, China;

METHODThe genetic diversity of eighteen R. rosea geological populations from six niches was estimated using amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) markers. The data of amplified bands were analyzed by the software POPGENE v1.31 (32-bit) and SPSS.

RESULTThe nine primers employed produced a total of 238 discernable and reproducible amplified fragments. There were 228 polymorphic bands. The percentage of polymorphic bands with in different populations was 95.6%. Genetic diversity analysis showed that average number of alleles per loci was Na = 1.4883, effective number of alleles per loci Ne = 1.3907, Neis gene diversity index H = 0.2170, Shannon's information index I = 0.3108, the percentage of polymorphic loci P = 52.71, genetic differentiation among populations Gst = 0.364; UPGMA cluster analysis based on genetic distance data divided eighteen populations into two clusters: Cluster I composed of twelve populations and Cluster II 6 populations which distributed in attitude upper 3 175 m;

CONCLUSIONOur researches suggest that the best niche of R. rosea was at attitude between 3 150-3 250 m; this region is important for the conservation of R. rosea germplasm resource.

Objective　To detect the genotypes and sequences of the exon 1 of human mannose-binding protein (MBP) allele in 5 Chinese nationalities. Methods　 The genotypes of MBP gene of 5 Chinese nationalities were detected by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism(PCR-RFLP). The exon 1 of the MBP gene of 22 Chinese Hans was analyzed by using ABI 310 genetic analyzer. Results　 The DNA sequences of exon 1 of Chinese MBP gene were acquired. The allele frequencies of the codon 54 of the MBP gene (MBP-54) of 5 Chinese nationalities were 0.181(Hans), 0.128(Uygurs), 0.181(Mongols), 0.179(Tibetans) and 0.181(Yis). The allele distribution for MBP-54 mutation of 5 Chinese nationalities was in good agreement with Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. Compared with the Hans, Uygurs had a lower MBP-54 mutation rate. There were no differences in the allele frequencies between the chronic hepatitis B patients and health controls in Chinese Hans. The mutations of the codons 52 and 57 were not detected in this study. Conclusion　 A higher prevalence of MBP-54 mutation was found in 5 Chinese nationalities, MBP-54 mutation was not associated with the persistence of hepatitis B.

Osteoarthritis(OA)is the most common degenerative disease in clinical practice.Joint pain is the main manifestation of OA,and in severe cases,it can lead to joint deformity.The main pathological changes include destruction of articular cartilage,synovitis,thickening of subchondral bone,bone redundancy,degeneration of articular ligaments,and enlargement of articular periosteum.Clinicopathological changes and pain degrees in OA patients vary from person to person,and treatment options vary from person to person.Clinically,non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs are used to treat the pain of OA patients now,but the effect is not ideal,and long-term use of these drugs will bring obvious toxic and side effects.Traditional Chinese medicine obtains good results in relieving the pain of OA patients.Therefore,this paper reviews the research on traditional Chinese medicine treatment and pain mechanisms of OA,with a view to providing ideas and references for clinical relief of pain in OA patients.