Objective To study the angiographic anatomic characteristics of renal arteries in Chinese.Methods Selective renal angiography was performed immediately after coronary artery angiography in(1?057) Chinese patients,including 702 males and 355 females.The mean age of them were 59.3?8.3 years.Six French JR4 catheters were used via transfemoral approach.Three to five milliliters nonionic contrast media were injected manually into each renal artery and cine pictures were taken at an anterior-posterior view.Results A single-renal-artery was found in most of the patients(87.23% at the left side and 89.97% at the right side).In the others,two or even more independent renal arteries were found at one or both sides.Most of the renal arteries (87.79% at the left side and 91.20% at the right side) originated between the upper third of the first lumbar vertebra and the upper third of the second lumbar vertebra.The right renal artery ostium was located superior to the left one in 45.13% of the cases.In the other 45.41% of them,renal artery ostia of both sides were at a same level.Conclusion Anatomic variations in the number and origin of renal arteries are not nare in Chinese.Understanding the angiographic anatomic characteristics of renal artery would be useful for renal artery interventions.

Objective To explore a surgical procedure of reduction mammary plasty to assure the viability and sensory of the nipple-areolar complex (NAC) after transposition and to keep the lactiferous function partly. Methods Reduction was accomplished by using perforating vascular branches from the pectoralis major muscle and its fascia supplying the nipple and breast parenchyma instead of the subdermal plexus. The central vascular pedicle supplying the nipple-areola complex was preserved. And the sensory nerve of the NAC was not injured. The erection of the nipple could be observed in operation. Lactation was possible because of preservation of the lactiferous ducts. The technique had been used in 17 patients since 1996. Results The nipple-areola complex was safely transposed with great freedom, and the amount of resection was accurately adjusted for symmetry. No cases of nipple-areola complex sensory change occurred postoperatively in all 17 patients. Breast-feeding was possible at least in one patient after operation. Conclusion This method is ideal for the patients, which keeps the viability and sensory of the nipple-areolar complex and the function of lactation. In another case, the amount of resection is easily adjusted for symmetry.

Objective To evaluate the relative quantities of flt-1, KDR, endostatin mRNA in tissue specimens of human hemangioma and great saphfenous vein with the modified reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Methods Total RNA from human specimens by Trizol was reverse-transcribed and amplified by PCR in 4 deffirent tubes containing one of the primer pairs such as flt-1, KDR, endostatin or ?-actin. The target genes and beta-actin PCR products were about 200 bp in length. The ratio of the yield of the target gene PCR product to the beta-actin PCR product could be calculated after 35 cycles of amplification.Results These ratios were correlated positively ( P=0.014,P=0.019) in two groups, but no relationship in endostatine level was observed (P=0.436).Conclusions VEGFR may play a very important role in the pathogenesis of the congenital hemangioma in children. But the endostatin may take little effect on it.

Objective To study the expressions and clinical significance of matrix metalloproteinases-2(MMP-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor-C(VEGF-C) in patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma(PTC).Methods SP immunohistochemical technique was used to detect the expressions of MMP-2 and VEGF-C in 78 cases of PTC and 18 cases of thyroid benign tumors.Results The positive expression rates of MMP-2 and VEGF-C in PTC(80.77%,75.64%) were significantly higher than those of the thyroid benign tumor(11.11%,22.22%),P

Gastric cancer is one of the most common malignant gastrointestinal tumors with a high mortality in China. However, the pathogenesis of gastric cancer is not clear. Recently, with the development of cancer stem cell research, more and more studies have been focused on the gastric cancer stem cell. In this review, we will discuss the conception and the study status of the gastric cancer stem cells in addition to the treatment for the cancer stem cell.

Objective To investigate the expression of hMLH_1 in gastric cancer and its significance,Methods The expressions of hMLH_1 protein and mRNA were detected by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) in 68 cases of gastric cancer tissues,33 cases of para-cancer tissues and(35 cases) of normal gastric tissues.Apoptosis was assayed by terminal deoxytransferase mediated dUTP nicked labeling.Results The positive expression rates of hMLH_1 mRNA were 63.3%(43/68),100%(33/33) and 100%(35/35),and those of protein were 61.8%(42/68),93.9%(31/33),100%(35/35),respectively,in gastric cancer tissues,para-cancer tissues and normal gastric tissues.There was a correlation between the expression of hMLH_1 and clinical grade of gastric cancer(r=0.531,P

Objective This paper deals with the problem of human movement characteristics of target acquisition. Method A hypothetical model was posed by using experimental data. Result The conception of final target size was put forward, an equation for calculating the movement time of target acquisition was obtained, and a new definition of index of difficulty was given. Conclusion Analysis of experimental data showed that this equation could give a better description of target acquisition in a wide range.

Objective To explore the significance of combined detection of tumor markers cancer embryo antigen (CEA) ,alpha fetoprotein (AFP ) ,carbohydrate antigen 19-9 (CA19-9 ) and carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4 ) in digestive tract tumors . Methods The electrochemical luminescence method was adopted to detected the CEA ,AFP ,CA19-9 and CA72-4 levels in 106 cases of digestive tract malignant tumor confirmed by pathological examination (malignant tumor group) ,110 cases of digestive tract be-nign diseases (benign disease group) and 60 persons undergoing the healthy physical examination (control group) in our hospital from January to December 2015 .The differences were compared among various groups and the positive detection rates of 4 markers in the patients with digestive tract tumors were compared .Results The serum levels of CEA ,AFP ,CA19-9 and CA72-4 levels in the malignant tumor group were significantly higher than those in the benign disease group and control group(P<0 .05);the benign disease group and normal control group had no statistically significant difference (P>0 .05) .In the single indicator detection of ser-um CEA ,AFP ,CA19-9 and CA72-4 ,AFP had the highest detection rate in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) ,which was 74 .19% ;the positive detection rate of CA 72-4 in gastric cancer was highest ,which was 60 .71% ;the positive detection rate of CA 19-9 in pan-creatic cancer was highest ,which was 75 .00% ;the positive detection rate of CEA was not high without specificity in various tumor diseases .The positive detection rate of 4-item combined detection was significantly higher than that of single item detection (P<0 .05) .Conclusion The detection of tumor markers CEA ,AFP ,CA19-9 and CA72-4 is conducive to the identification of tumor types ,meanwhile they can improve the detection rate of gastrointestinal cancer and conduces to early diagnosis and early treatment for the patients .

Objective To study the cardiac electrophysiology changes of canine asynchrony ischemic heart failure under left ventricular endocardial pacing.Methods Left bundle branch radiofrequency catheter ablation and left anterior descending coronary artery ligation were used to establish the model of ischemic heart failure in 18 healthy dogs.Eighteen healthy dogs were randomly divided into two groups,9 cases in each group.The experimental group was treated with cardiac resynchronization therapy(CRT) in left ventricular endocardium,and the control group underwent the sham operation.ECG and echocardiography were done at 6 weeks after operation.Results The left ventricular ejection fraction in the experimental group was significantly higher than that in the control group(38.32 ± 6.08 vs.30.62 ±8.96).The asynchronization index in the experimental group was significantly lower than that in the control group(35.99 ±5.25 vs.78.21 ± 7.02),and the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).QRS(60.58 ± 7.43 vs.68.33 ± 8.01) and QTc(347.09 ± 17.33 vs.367.81 ± 22.02)in the experimental group were significantly shorter than those in the control group(P＜0.05);moreover Tp-e(37.03±9.07 vs.45.76±7.11) and ARI(162.33±22.06 vs.187.21±23.87) in the experimental group were significantly lower than those in the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Left ventricular endocardial pacing can produce preferably electrophysiological effects and achieve the goal of effective cardiac resynchronization therapy.

Objective To explore intervention efficacy of clinical application of antimicrobial agents in internal medicine departments of a hospital.Methods 1 880 medical records from internal medicine and pediatrics departments this hospital in July-December 2010 were randomly selected as control group (before intervention),and 2 207 medical records in July-December 2011 were as trial group (after intervention),antimicrobial use of two groups was compared.Results The over-all usage rate of antimicrobial agents after intervention was lower than before intervention (48.12% vs 58.62%,χ2 =44. 45,P <0.001).Except endocrinology,pediatrics and hematology departments,the usage rates of antimicrobial agents in the other departments after intervention were all obviously lower than before intervention(all P <0.05).The usage rate of antimicrobial agents in endocrinology and hematology departments were both low(<40%),which met the requirements of Ministry of Health.Conclusion Comprehensive intervention in clinical use of antimicrobial agents reduced the usage rate of antimicrobial agents in internal medicine and pediatrics departments in this hospital.