Objective To study the efficacy and toxicity of tetrakis(hydroxymethyl)phosphonium sulfate(THPS)in indoor air disinfection.Methods The orthogonal experiments were employed with three factors including concentration of THPS,temperature and time,and four levels including the concentrations of THPS,0.05%,0.1%,0.5%,1%,and the temperature,15℃,20℃,25℃,30℃,and the time,2 h,4 h,8 h,16 h.The germicidal effect of THPS with those factors was assessed.Using modified method,Daphnia magna straus(Cladocera crustacea),Brachydanio rerio,mice were randomly divided into 5 dose groups and a control respectively.For Daphnia magna straus(Cladocera crustacea),123.03 mg/L,134.90 mg/L,147.91 mg/L,162.18 mg/L and 177.83 mg/L,for Brachydanio rerio,42.66 mg/L,57.54 mg/L,77.62 mg/L,104.71 mg/L and 140.90 mg/L,for mice,183.60 mg/kg,293.75 mg/kg,470.00 mg/kg,752.00 mg/kg and 1 203.20 mg/kg.The data for 2th,4th and 7th day of treatment were collected for calculation of the 48h-EC50,the 96h-LC50 and the acute oral LD50 in Daphnia magna straus(Cladocera crustacea),Brachydanio rerio and mice.Results The maximal germicidal rate of THPS in indoor air was over 86%.At the concentration of 0.5% THPS,4 h reaction time,germicidal efficacy of THPS was optimal.The toxicity test indicated that the acute oral LD50 for mice was 492.72 mg/kg,the 48 h-EC50 for Daphnia magna straus(Cladocera crustacea)was 143.61 mg/L,the 96h-LC50 for Brachydanio rerio was 84.17mg/L.Conclusion The toxicity of THPS is low and can be used for indoor air disinfection with a good efficacy and the potential benefit for environment.

Objective To explore the effect of Shenling Baizhu power on inflammatory factors and immune function for recurrent aphthous ulcer. Methods Ninety patients with recurrent aphthous ulcer in our hospital were divided into control group and study group according to random number table method, with 45 cases each group.The control group were given oral vitamin B2, levamisole and cetyl pyridinium chloride gargle solution therapy, and the study group were given Shenling Baizhu power on the basis of control group.After one week treatment, the clinical curative effect were observed, the serum inflammatory factors levels of tumor necrosis factor alpha ( TNF-α) , interleukin 2 ( IL-2 ) and interleukin 6 ( IL-6 ) were determined by Elisa method, the levels of peripheral blood T cell subsets CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +and natural killer cells( NKT) were determined by flow cytometry instrument, and the recurrence rate were observed after one year follow-up.Results After one week treatment, the total effective rate 91.30% in study group was significantly higher than the control group 69.57%, the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =5.874, P=0.015).The serum levels of TNF-α, IL-2 and IL-6 in study group were significantly lower than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The levels of CD3 +, CD4 +, CD8 +and NKT in study group were significantly higher than the control group, the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).Followed up for 1 year, the recurrence rate 17.78%(8/45) in study group was significantly lower than the control group 46.67%(21/45), the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =8.598, P =0.003).Conclusion The Shenling Baizhu power treatment of recurrent aphthous ulcer has better clinical curative effect, can reduce levels of inflammatory factor, improve immune function, and reduce the recurrence rate.

Objective The study aimed to investigate 15 autosomal loci polymorphism(such as D3S1358 and TPOX)in Nujiang Bai nationality,in order to construct genetic basic data of Bai population and provide a foundation for population study and forensic cases. Methods Venous blood was collected from 124 unrelated Bai individuals in Nujiang,Yunnan province. DNA was extracted by classical organic solvent extraction. PCR technique was applied to amplify the sequence of autosomal loci. The products were measured by electrical fluoroscopy. The gene frequencies of 15 STR loci were investigated and genetic polymorphisms were analyzed. ResultsGene polymorphisms of 15 STR loci were detected and the distributions of genotype conformed with Hardy-Weinberg balance law(P > 0.05). The cumulative match probability(CPM)was 4.869×10-17,the cumulative excluding probability(CPE)was 99.999 99%,and the combined power of discrimination(CDP)was 99.999 97%. ConclusionThe 15 STR loci used in this study were highly polymorphic informative content in Bai population and could be applied to population study and forensic practice.

Objective To investigate the response of multiple myeloma (MM) cells to 8-chloroadenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (8-Cl-cAMP) and the impact of arsenic trioxide (As2O3) on the above reaction.Methods MM-derived cell lines RPMI8226 and U266 were used as in vitro models.Cell apoptosis was evaluated according to cellular morphology and DNA content measured by flow cytometry.Meanwhile,rhodamine 123 (Rh123) staining and flow cytometry assay were used to detect the changes of mitochondrial transmembrane potentials (△ψm) in MM cells before and after the treatment.The synergic effects of 8-Cl-cAMP and As2O3 were evaluated by King' s formula.Results The 8-Cl-cAMP could induce growth inhibition of RPMI8226 and U266 cells in dose and time-related manners.The 8-Cl-cAMP could trigger apoptosis and △ψm collapse in MM cells through cellular morphology and flow cytometry analysis.As2O3 accelerated 8-Cl-cAMP-mediated apoptosis of RPMI8226 cells,but there were few synergic effects observed.Conclusion 8-Cl-cAMP could induce cell proliferation inhibition and apoptosis in MM cells.Mitochondria may be one of targets in 8-Cl-cAMP-mediated apoptosis.Furthermore,As2O3 catalyzes 8-Cl-cAMP-induced apoptosis.

Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and toxicity of EPOCH regimen in the treatment of elderly patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma. Methods Twenty-eight elderly patients with pathologically diagnosed peripheral T-cell lymphoma were treated with EPOCH regimen, including 96-hour continuous infusion of etoposide 50 mg/m2, epirubincin 12 mg/m2 and vincristin 0.4 mg/m2 on daysl through 4,cyclophosphamide 750 mg/m2 given as intravenous bolus on day 5 and prednisone 60 mg/m2 administered orally on daysl through 5. The EPOCH regimen was repeated very 21 days. Clinical efficacy and safety profiles of EPOCH regimen was systemically reviewed and analysed. Results All the 28 patients received a total of 85 cycles of EPOCH regimen. The median cycles was two courses. Fifteen patients achieved complete response, while five cases obtaining partial response. The overall response rate was 71.4 %. The median survival time was 20 months. In newly diagnosed patients, complete response rate (CR) as well as partial response (PR) and overall response rate (OR) reached 64.7 %, 23.5 % and 88.2 %, respectively, which was significantly higher than that in refractory cases, whose CR, PR and OR were 36.4 %, 9.1% and 45.5 %(λ 2 = 5.99, P ＜0.05). In addition, the median survivalduration of newly diagnosed patients was longer than that of refractory cases, whose median survival time was 24 and 13 months, respectively. The major adverse events was myelosuppression with grade 3-4 neutropenia and thrombocytopenia in 53.6 % and 50.0 % cases.Non-hematologic toxicities were moderate and uncommon. The frequency of adverse effects in de novo patients showed little difference in comparison with that in refractory ones (P＞0.05). Conclusion EPOCH regimen was an effective and well tolerated therapeutic schedule for elderly patients with peripheral T-cell lymphoma.

Objective To determine the neuronal damage or loss and gliosis at the cellular level in spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease(SCA3/MJD), and evaluate the potential use of neuron-specific enolase (NSE) and protein S 100 B(S100B) serum concentrations as biochemical markers. Methods Serum concentrations of NSE and S100B were measured in 102 SCA3/MJD patients and 100 healthy subjects matched by sex and age. The correlations between both markers and age, age of onset, disease duration, CAG repeat size, scores of international cooperative ataxia rating scale(ICARS), and scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia(SARA) were analyzed. Results Compared with the healthy controls, patients with SCA3/MJD had higher NSE serum concentrations [(6.95±2.83)ng/mL vs (4.83±1.70) ng/mL, P<0.05] and higher S100B serum concentrations [(0.07±0.06) ng/mL vs (0.05±0.02) ng/mL, P<0.05]. In the SCA3/MJD patients group, NSE levels presented a positive correlation with age, disease duration, ICARS scores and SARA scores, whereas S100B levels did not correlate with age, age of onset, disease duration, ICARS scores and SARA scores. CAG repeat size did not correlate with the NSE levels and S100B levels in different age groups of SCA3/MJD patients. Conclusion Serum NSE might be a useful marker to monitor disease progression and represent the degree of severity of a certain disease. Elevated S100B serum concentrations in patients compared to healthy controls may suggest an application of this protein as a peripheral marker of brain impairment in SCA3/MJD.

Objective To investigate the related factors of international cooperative ataxia rating scale (ICARS) and scale for the assessment and rating of ataxia scores (SARA) in patients with spinocerebellar ataxia type 3/Machado-Joseph disease. Methods A total of 126 SCA3/MJD patients were assessed by ICARS and SARA. The relation between ICARS or SARA scores and age of onset, disease duration and CAG repeat size was analyzed. Results Either the total ICARS or the total SARA score was positively related with the disease duration(r=0.586,P＜0.05；r=0.643,P＜0.05). Simple linear regression equations were: Y1(total ICARS score)=13.072+2.388 X2(disease duration)(F=68.874,P＜0.05); Y2(total SARA score)=4.403+ 0.961 X2(disease duration)(F=87.254, P＜0.05). Either age adjusted the total ICARS score or age adjusted the total SARA score was positively related with CAG repeat size(r=0.328, P＜0.05; r=0.335, P＜0.05). Both the ICARS subscores and the SARA subscores were positively related with the disease duration(r=0.257-0.589, P＜0.05; r=0.432-0.623, P＜0.05). Both age adjusted ICARS subscores and age adjusted SARA subscores were positively related with CAG repeat size(r=0.263-0.403, P＜0.05; r=0.189-0.366, P＜0.05). Analysis of variance showed that the total ICARS score and the total SARA score increased with the disease stage. Conclusion ICARS and SARA are both reliable and effective scales in assessing the severity of ataxia in patients with SCA3/MJD, and researchers can choose the most suitable scale according to specific requirement.

[Summary] The aim of the study was to explore the effect and its clinical relevance of short -term intensive insulin treatment on plasma concentrations of lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A 2 ( Lp-PLA2 ) and secretory phospholipase A2(sPLA2) in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).Ninety newly diagnosed T2DM patients were recruited and received continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) for about 2 weeks.After CSII, sPLA2 levels [173.78 (80.95, 278.09) μg/L] were significantly decreased compared with the levels before [219.33 (130.03, 337.30) μg/L], P <0.01, while no statistic significant changes could be viewed in Lp-PLA2 levels.Correlation analysis showed that the changes of Lp-PLA2 and sPLA2 were both positively correlated with the changes of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance(HOMA-IR)after CSII (r=0.537,0.493 respectively, all P<0.05).The Lp-PLA2 and sPLA2 level reduction after CSII might help to protect the patients from diabetic macroangiopathy . Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry , ChiCTR-TRC-10001618.

Objective To study the relationship between the expression of p53 and its downstream effecter p21~(waf1)protein and multi-drug resistance(MDR) of Tca8113/BLM cell line.Methods The cDNA of wildtype p53 gene was introduced into the drug-resistance cell line Tca8113/BLM by Lipofectamine-mediated transfection.The expression of p53 mRNA in Tca8113/BLM and its parental counterpart Tca8113 cell lines were analyzed using molecular beacons.The expression of p53,p21~(waf1),P-gp,and MRP proteins in Tca8113/BLM cell line transfected by wt-p53 cDNA,the untransfected control Tca8113/BLM cell line,its parental counterpart Tca8113 were analyzed by Western blotting.MTT assay was used to determine the drug-sensitivity of different cell lines.The cell cycle distribution and apotosis of different cell lines were also observed by flow cytometery(FCM) and laser confocus microscope(LCM),respectively.Results The expression of p53 protein was significantly lower,and no p21~(waf1) protein was detected in Tca8113/BLM cells.The protein expression of P-gp and MRP were significantly higher in Tca8113/BLM cells than in Tca8113 cells.By Western Blotting,the expression of p53 and p21~(waf1)proteins was significantly increased,while the expression of P-gp and MRP proteins was significantly decreased in Tca8113/BLM/p53 cells.Comparing to Tca8113/BLM cells,the sensitivity of BLM treatment in Tca8113/BLM/p53 cells was 10.1 fold increased.Tca8113/BLM/p53 cells decreased at G1 and S phase,and increased at G2 phase.LCM results showed that the apoptosis of Tca8113/BLM/p53 cells was more obvious than Tca8113/BLM cells when treated with the drug BLM.Conclusion The multi-drug resistance in Tca8113/BLM cell line is involved in down-regulation of p53 and p21~(waf1) protein levels,and up-regulation of P-gp and MRP protein levels.

In order to investigate peptide mimics of carbohydrate blood group A antigen, a phage display 12-mer peptide library was screened with a monoclonal antibody against blood group A antigen, NaM87-1F6. The antibody-binding properties of the selected phage peptides were evaluated by phage ELISA and phage capture assay. The peptides were co-expressed as glutathione S-transferase (GST) fusion proteins. RBC agglutination inhibition assay was performed to assess the natural blood group A antigen-mimicking ability of the fusion proteins. The results showed that seven phage clones selected bound to NaM87-1F6 specifically, among which, 6 clones bore the same peptide sequence, EYWYCGMNRTGC and another harbored a different one QIWYERTLPFTF. The two peptides were successfully expressed at the N terminal of GST protein. Both of the fusion proteins inhibited the RBC agglutination mediated by anti-A serum in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggested that the fusion proteins based on the selected peptides could mimic the blood group A antigen and might be used as anti-A antibody-adsorbing materials when immunoabsorption was applied in ABO incompatible transplantation.
Adsorption ; Bacteriophages ; Blood Group Antigens/*chemistry ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes/chemistry ; Glutathione Transferase/metabolism ; Peptide Library ; Peptides/*chemistry ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/chemistry