Objective To compare the clinical effects and safety of surgical clipping and intravascular interventional therapy in treatment of intracranial wide-necked aneurysm.Methods The clinical data of 158 patients with intracranial wide-necked aneurysm from February 2010 to February 2013 were retrospectively analyzed,all patients were divided into two groups:surgical clipping group with 92 cases and intravascular interventional therapy group with 66 cases,the postoperative curative effects,treatment time,hospital stay,hospital expenses and postoperative complications between two groups were compared.Followed up for 10-46 months,the recurrence rate were compared.Results The good prognosis and defective rates between surgical clipping group and intravasular interventional therapy group had no significant difference [90.2％(83/92) vs.90.9％(60/66),9.8％(9/92) vs.9.1％ (6/66)] (x2 =0.298,P ＞ 0.05).The preoperative Hunt-Hess classification and CT Fisher classification between two groups had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Six months after discharge,mRS score was used to evaluate the curative effect,the defective rates in same level patients between two kinds of treatment methods had no significantdifference (P ＞ 0.05).The treatment time,hospital stay in surgical clipping group were significantly longer than those in intravascular interventional therapy group [(4.03 ± 1.01) h vs.(1.61 ± 0.98) h,(15.90 ± 2.03) dvs.(13.20 ± 1.95) d],hospital expenses was significantly lower than that in intravascular intervention therapy group [61 829.4 ±320.6) yuan vs.(99 876.2 ±371.5) yuan] (P ＜0.05).The postoperative complications rate between two groups had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).Followed up for 31.3 (10-46) months,the recurrence rate in surgical clipping group was significantly lower than that in intravascular intervention therapy group [1.1％ (1/94) vs.8.8％ (6/68)] (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Surgical clipping and intravascular interventional therapy in treatment of intracranial wide-necked aneurysm has their own different characteristics,so patients' treatment methods should be based on their preoperative status (especially preoperative Hunt-Hess and Fisher classification) and patients' economic conditions.

and adenovirns. The high rate of mixed viral infection brings clinical concern. ELISA combined with PCR improve the diagnostic sensitivity for norovirus, enteric adenovirns and astrovirus.

Objective To discuss the clinical effects of using CT positioning keyhole approach to treat hy-pertensive intracerebral hemorrhage (HICH).Methods 85 cases of patients with hypertensive intracerebral hemor-rhage(HICH) were chosen and divided into two groups according to the operation methods:the observation group had 55 cases given CT positioning keyhole approach ,while the control group had 30 cases treated with traditional cranioto-my hematoma removal operation .All patients were supplemented by postoperative blood pressure control and nutrition -al support treatment .The average operation time ,hematoma disappearing time ,the length of hospital stay and re-bleed-ing rates and postoperative ability of daily life ( ADL) scores of the two groups were all carefully recorded and com-pared.Results The average operation time,hematoma disappearing time and hospital stay of the observation group were (66.5 ±12.8)min,(3.4 ±1.3)d,and (9.3 ±1.7)day which were all significantly lower than those of the con-trol group(193.5 ±23.7)min,(5.8 ±2.1)d and (15.2 ±3.8)d;T-test values of the two groups were 2.874,3.125 and 3.433 separately(P<0.05);there were 2 cases(3.6%) of postoperative hemorrhage in the observation group of while 6 cases(20.0%) in the control group,whose difference was statistically significant (χ2 =6.097,P<0.05);In the observation group 4 cases(7.3%) died after operation and also 4 cases(13.3%) died in the control group ,and the mortality of the two groups had no statistical significance (χ2 =0.836,P>0.05).6 months′follow-up after opera-tion,in the control group 2 cases were lost to follow-up while in the observation group 3 cases were lost to follow-up;Using ADL to evaluate the two groups of patients with survival and continuous follow-up,we found that the observation group′s postoperative quality of life was better than that of the control group′s(μ=3.325,P<0.05).Conclusion Using CT positioning keyhole approach has smaller trauma , shorter operation time and faster postoperative recovery and other characteristics,which is an effective method for the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage(HICH).

ObjectiveTo explore the expression of CD3+ CD8+ human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-A2+T lymphocytes with specificity to the different hepatitis B virus (HBV) peptides in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC)from the patients with hepatitis B associated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).MethodsThe HLA-A2+ PBMC from four patients with hepatitis B associated HCC were incubated with five HBV/HLA-A2 pentamers respectively,which were HBV sAg (FLLTRILTI),HBV sAg (GLSPTVWLSV),HBV sAg (WLSLLVPFV),HBV core (FLPSDFFPSV),and HBV pol (FLLSLGIHL),as well as anti-CD3-pacific blue and anti-CD8-fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC).Then,HBV/HLA-A2-CD3-CD8 positive cells were detected by flow cytometry. The monoclonal HBV/HLA-A2-CD3-CD8+ cells were acquired by fluorescenceactivated cell sorter,and cultured and identified by flow cytometry.The anti-HBV specific T lymphocytes were then cultured with HepG2 (HLA-A2+ ) cells and the release of interferon γ (IFN-γ)were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA),Res(a)ltsThe percentage of antiHBV T lymphoeytes with specificity to GLSPTVWLSV in total CD8+ T lymphoeytes from four patients with hepatitis B associated HCC was 1.44％±0.04％,which was higher than those to other four HBV antigen peptides (0.68％±0.08％ of FLLTRILTI,1.06％±0.09％ of FLPSDFFPSV,0.56％ ±0.04％ of FLLSLGIHL,and 0.46％ ±0.08％ of WLSLLVPFV) (t=0.001,P＜0.05).The two lines of monoclonal cell with specificity to GLSPTVWLSV both exhibited high level of IFN-γ expression after incubated with hepatic carcinoma cell line HepG2 (HLA-A2+)with HBV GLSPTVWLSV peptide.ConclusionsCD3+ CD8+ HLA-A2+ cells with specificity to the different HBV peptides exist in PBMC of patients with hepatitis B associated HCC.The expression level depends on HBV antigen peptide sequences and genomic sites.

OBJECTIVETo investigate seminal parameters in noninflammatory chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CAP III B).

METHODSA total of 74 consecutive cases of patients who had been diagnosed as CAP III B and 46 cases of controls were included in the study. Severity of symptoms in men with CAP III B was defined according to the NIH Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI). All of them underwent a 'four glass-test' including leukocyte determination in expressed prostatic secretions (EPS), voided urine after prostatic massage (VB3) and ejaculate semen followed by analysis according to WHO. The analysis included seminal volume, pH, duration of liquefaction, sperm density, vitality, motility(a + b) and morphology. Correlations between the duration or the severity of symptoms and spermiogram results in patients with CAP III B were assessed respectively.

RESULTSThe CAP III B group and the control group differed significantly in ejaculate volume, duration of liquefaction and motility, while the remaining parameters did not differ significantly. The duration of chronic pelvic pain showed apparently positive correlationship with liquefaction time, while the symptom duration negatively correlated with sperm motility. The NIH-CPSI score had no significant relationship with seminal volume, duration of liquefaction and sperm motility.

CONCLUSIONOur results indicate that CAP III B can have a significant negative impact on sperm volume, liquefaction and motility. Our data also supports the results that the longer the duration of symptoms, the more influences on semen liquefaction and motility might be.

Adult ; Case-Control Studies ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pelvic Pain ; Prostatitis ; physiopathology ; Semen ; chemistry ; Sperm Count ; Sperm Motility

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of oleic acid (OA) on expression of aquaglyceroporin genes, AQP3 and AQP9, in hepatocyte steatosis and to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms using an in vitro system.

METHODSHepG2 cells were treated with OA at different concentration to establish in vitro models of nonalcoholic hepatocyte steatosis. The corresponding extents of hepatic steatosis modeling were assessed by oil red O staining and optical density (OD) measurements of the intracellular fat content. The model lines were then treated with inhibitors of the PI3K/Akt and p38 MAPK signaling pathway factors and effects on AQP3/9 expression was measured by real time RT-PCR and western blotting.

RESULTSThe fat concentration, indicative of hepatic steatosis, increased in conjunction with increased concentrations of OA (0 less than 250 less than 500 mumol/L). OA exposure also down-regulated AQP3 mRNA and up-regulated AQP9 mRNA levels in a concentration-dependent manner. The most robust changes in expression occurred in response to the 500 mumol/L concentration of OA for both AQP3 (0.47+/-0.18; t = 4.5450, P less than 0.05) and AQP9 (1.57+/-0.21; t = 3.0306, P less than 0.05). Treatment with OA + PI3K pathway inhibitor (LY294004) significantly decreased AQP9 mRNA expression (4.55+/-0.62) as compared to the control group (1.00+/-0.10; t = 9.7909, P less than 0.01), that 500 mumol/L OA group (2.43+/-0.53; t = 4.5018, P less than 0.05), and the LY294002 group (1.90+/-0.16; t = 7.1683, P less than 0.01). Treatment with p38 MAPK pathway inhibitor (SB230580) significantly increased the OA-suppressed level of AQP3 mRNA to the level detected in the control group (1.27+/-0.11; t = 5.7455, P less than 0.01) and decreased the OA-stimulated AQP9 mRNA (0.38+/-0.09; t = 6.5727, P less than 0.01). No significant changes in mRNA expression of AQP3/9 were observed with inhibition of the ERK1/2 and JNK signal transduction pathways. The OA-induced changes in protein expression levels of AQR3 and AQP9 followed a similar trend of the genes. Finally, OA suppressed the level of phosphorylated Akt (from 0.21+/-0.02 to 0.13+/-0.03; t = 3.8431, P less than 0.05) but elevated the level of phosphorylated p38 (from 0.58+/-0.06 to 1.02+/-0.10; t = 12.5289, P less than 0.01). Again, OA treatment produced no significant affect on ERK1/2 and JNK phosphorylation.

CONCLUSIONOA down-regulates AQP3 expression by stimulating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway, and up-regulates the AQP9 by blocking the PI3K/Akt pathway and activating the p38 MAPK signaling pathway.

Aquaporin 3 ; metabolism ; Aquaporins ; metabolism ; Fatty Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Gene Expression Regulation ; drug effects ; Hep G2 Cells ; Humans ; Oleic Acid ; pharmacology ; Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases ; metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEEpstein-Barr virus (EBV) is a common causative agent of infectious mononucleosis (IM) and capable of efficiently immortalizing primary B cells into continuously growing lymphoblastoid cells in vitro. As B cell activation antigen, CD23 expression is induced by EBV infection of B cells and remains constitutively expressed at high levels in virtually all EBV-immortalized cells, which have been strongly linked to the development of B-cell lymphoproliferative disease and lymphoma. Whereas previous studies were performed in vivo in animals or ex vivo cultures, the present study aimed to explore the role of EBV-immortalized cells (CD23(+)/CD19(+)) in vivo analysis of children with EBV-IM.

METHODSIn a prospective trial, a group of 30 patients with IM (18 boys and 12 girls) with mean age of 3.9 +/- 1.3 years (range 6 months to 8 years) were enrolled. Clinical diagnosis of IM was confirmed based on fever, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, lymphocytosis (> 50%), atypical lymphocytes (> 10%) in blood smears and the elevated levels of IgM antibody against EBV capsid antigen. The day of onset of fever was recognized as day 1 of illness. Blood samples taken during acute (3 - 5 days), early convalescent (about 11 - 15 days) and convalescent phase (about 30 - 45 days) were analyzed for expressions of CD19(+)/CD23(+), CD23, CD19 on peripheral blood mononuclear cells by flow cytometry (FCM) and was compared with those of control group.

RESULTS(1) The levels of CD23(+)/CD19(+) and CD23 expressions were markedly decreased in acute stage [CD23(+)/CD19(+) (2.22 +/- 1.47)%, (132 +/- 91)/mm(3); CD23 (3.12 +/- 1.88)%, (195 +/- 102)/mm(3)] and in early convalescent stage [CD23(+)/CD19(+) (4.51 +/- 2.25)%, (166 +/- 85)/mm(3); CD23 (5.55 +/- 2.76)%, (231 +/- 130)/mm(3)] in patients with IM as compared with those of the healthy controls [CD23(+)/CD19(+) (6.71 +/- 2.25)%, (215 +/- 68)/mm(3); CD23 (7.85 +/- 3.09)%, (249 +/- 86)/mm(3), respectively]. The earlier the history was, the lower the expressive levels were. The levels of CD23(+)/CD19(+) expressions returned to, but those of CD23 expressions exceeded, normal level in convalescent stage [CD23(+)/CD19(+) (6.72 +/- 2.16)%, (213 +/- 108)/mm(3); CD23 (9.46 +/- 2.73)%, (366 +/- 200)/mm(3)]. (2) There was a positive correlation in the expressions of CD23(+)/CD19(+) and CD23 among the three stages (P < 0.01). The positive correlation between the expressions of CD23(+)/CD19(+) and CD19 only occurred during acute stage (P < 0.01). There was no correlation between the expressions of CD23 and CD19 (P > 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEBV-immortalized cells and CD23(+) cells were inhibited effectively during the acute and early convalescent stage of IM. With the recovery of the disease, they gradually recovered and the levels of CD23 expressions exceeded normal level in convalescent stage.

B-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Cell Culture Techniques ; Cell Survival ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; pathogenicity ; Humans ; Infant ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; metabolism ; Male ; Receptors, IgE ; metabolism

OBJECTIVEInfectious mononucleosis (IM) is a lymphoproliferative disease caused primarily by the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection. The initial viral infection by EBV occurs in B lymphocytes and is followed by an extensive proliferation of T lymphocytes. Previous studies on immunity to EBV (including IM) have mainly focused on activation of peripheral blood T cells, which are responsible for the lymphocytosis in blood during acute IM. B cells, regarding CD23 as their activation marker, are the target cells of EBV infection. There are few reports on their effect in patients with IM. The role of them during acute IM is not known yet. The present study aimed to explore the action of B cells in patients with IM.

METHODSIn a prospective trial, a group of subjects comprised 22 patients with IM (14 boys and 8 girls) with mean age of 3.48 +/- 0.81 years (range 7 months to 8 years). Clinical diagnosis of IM was confirmed based on fever, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, lymphocytosis (> 50%), atypical lymphocytes (> 10%) in blood smears and the elevated levels of IgM antibody against EBV capsid antigen. The day of onset of fever was recognized as day 1 of illness. Blood samples taken during acute (3 - 5 days) and convalescent phase (about 15 days) were analyzed for expressions of CD19, CD19(+)/CD23(+) on PBMC by flow cytometry (FCM) and was compared with those of control group. The number of the days with fever was recorded.

RESULTS(1) The levels of CD19 and CD19(+)/CD23(+) expressions were markedly decreased in acute stage [CD19 (5.63 +/- 2.91)%, (387 +/- 178)/mm(3), CD19(+)/CD23(+) (2.45 +/- 1.87)%, (160 +/- 99)/mm(3)] and in convalescent stage [CD19 (12.49 +/- 5.70)%, (428 +/- 156)/mm(3), CD19(+)/CD23(+) (5.05 +/- 2.79)%, (172 +/- 78)/mm(3)] in patients with IM as compared with those of the healthy controls [CD19 (16.20 +/- 2.80)%, (545 +/- 150)/mm(3); CD19(+)/CD23(+) (7.08 +/- 2.78)%, (249 +/- 136)/mm(3)]. The earlier the specimens were taken after onset, the lower the expressed levels were. (2) There was a positive correlation of the expressions of CD19 and CD19(+)/CD23(+) between acute and convalescent stage (P < 0.01);there was also a positive correlation between the expressions of CD19 and CD19(+)/CD23(+) during acute and convalescent stage (P < 0.01). (3) A negative correlation was found between the duration of fever and the level of CD19 and CD19(+)/CD23(+) in acute stage (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that B cells and CD23(+) B cells were significantly inhibited during the onset of IM in the patients, that with the recovery of the disease, the condition was gradually improved, and that the more evidently the CD19 and CD19(+)/CD23(+) decreased, the more serious the clinical symptoms were and the longer time the recovery needed. The levels of CD19 and CD19(+)/CD23(+) expressions may be useful in diagnosis and predicting the severity.

Antigens, CD19 ; immunology ; B-Lymphocytes ; immunology ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Infant ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; diagnosis ; immunology ; virology ; Male ; Prospective Studies ; Receptors, IgE ; immunology ; T-Lymphocytes ; immunology

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of ZGDHu-1 on proliferation, differentiation and apoptosis in SHI-1 human leukemia cell line and explore its possible mechanism. Methods SHI-1 cells were cultured with different concentration of ZGDHu-1 and for different time. The cell proliferation was analysed by cell counting, alive cell count, MTT assay and Brdu-ELISA. Cell apoptosis was analysed by morphology, DNA content, Annexin-V/PI and Hoechst 33258 labeling method. Cell differentiation were assayed by morphology,expression of CD11b,CD14 and CD64 and NBT reduction. The expressions of phosphorylated p38MAPK or STAT3 were analysed by flow cytometry.

RESULTSZGDHu-1 inhibited SHI-1 cell proliferation in a time and dose dependent manner, the IC50- 48 h and IC50- 72 h were 250 ng/ml and 85 ng/ml, respectively. The majority of SHI-1 cells were arrested in G2/M phase. 48h after treated with 200 ng/ml ZGDHu-1, and those in G2/M phase accounted for (48.4 +/- 2.1)%. The SHI-1 cells apoptosis was increased with a time- and does-dependent manner. The morphology of SHI-1 cells cultured with 2-50 ng/ml ZGDHu-1 for three days become more mature with higher NBT positivity and up-regulated expressions of CD11b,CD14 and CD64. The expression of phosphor-p38MAPK was increased and phosphor-STAT3 down-regulated by the treatment of ZGDHu-1.

CONCLUSIONZGDHu-1 can inhibit SHI-1 cell proliferation and induce the cell differentiation and apoptosis. The mechanism may associate with its up-regulation of phosphor-p38MAPK and down-regulation phosphor-STAT3.

Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Differentiation ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Formamides ; pharmacology ; Heterocyclic Compounds, 1-Ring ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Leukemia ; pathology ; Phosphorylation ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; biosynthesis ; p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases ; biosynthesis

OBJECTIVETo explore the inhibition pathway of the EBV-immortalized cells (CD23(+)) in children with infectious mononucleosis (IM) caused by Epstein-Barr virus.

METHODSThe expressions of CD23, CD19, CD95, Bcl-2 and the co-expressions of CD23CD95, CD19CD23 on peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC) were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM) during acute phase, early convalescent phase and convalescent phase of 34 EBV-IM children and compared with that of 24 healthy donors.

RESULTS(1) The levels of CD23(+) and CD23(+)CD19(+) cells decreased and CD95(+), CD95(+)CD23(+), Bcl-2(+) cells increased markedly in IM patients in acute phase [CD95(+) cells (19.43 +/- 8.46)%; CD95(+)CD23(+) cells (1.81 +/- 1.71)%; Bcl-2(+) cells (23.41 +/- 26.47)%] and early convalescent phase [CD95(+) cells (12.94 +/- 5.05)%; CD95(+)CD23(+) (1.05 +/- 1.20)%; Bcl-2(+) cells (10.54 +/- 9.68)%], as compared with those of healthy controls [CD95(+) cells (10.39 +/- 2.90)%; CD95(+)CD23(+) cells (0.50 +/- 0.46)%; Bcl-2(+) cells (7.25 +/- 2.88)%]. The earlier the course of IM, the more abnormal the expressive levels. All the abnormal results returned to normal in convalescent phase. (2) Positive relationships were observed between the expressions of CD95(+)CD23(+) cells and that of CD23(+) cells, CD23(+)CD19(+) cells during acute and early convalescent phase, the expressions of Bcl-2(+), CD3(+) cells and CD23(+), CD23(+)CD19(+) cells during acute phase, the expressions of CD95(+)CD23(+) cells and Bcl-2(+) cells during acute phase, and the expressions of CD95(+)CD23(+) cells and CD95(+) cells during convalescent phase.

CONCLUSIONThe results indicate that CD95L-CD95 mediated apoptosis plays an important role in eliminating EBV-immortalized cells, which is counteracted partly by Bcl-2.

Antigens, CD19 ; blood ; Cell Transformation, Viral ; Cells, Cultured ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Female ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; Humans ; Infant ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; blood ; pathology ; virology ; Male ; Receptors, IgE ; blood ; bcl-Associated Death Protein ; blood ; fas Receptor ; blood