Objective To find the effective quantitative parameters for the differentiation of the breast lesions using the post-processing of time.signal curve of 3D dynamic-enhanced MRI.Methods Thirty patients with 35 lesions underwent 3D dynamic-enhanced MRI and the time-signal cHIve was deduced.The four quantitative parameters including SImax,PH,Slope and SlopeR were analyzed in benign andmalignant lesions of the breast.Independent samples t test and rank sum test were used for the statistics.Results Seyenteen benign lesions and 18 malignant lesions were included in this study.The SImax(M)of benign and malignant lesions were 375.2 and 158.1,the 95% confidence intervals of SImax were 278.2-506.0 and 160.5-374.8.The PH(M)of benign and malignant lesions were 114.4 and 87.8,the 95% confidence intervals of PH were 73.7-196.5 and 71.3-162.9.The Slope(M) of benign and malignant lesions were 22.3×10-3 and 44.0×10-3,the 95% confidence intervals of Slope were 13.7×10-3-41.1×10-3 and 46.1×10-3-81.8×10-3.The Slope"(M) of benign and malignant lesions were 2.6 and11.4,the 95% confidence intervals of SlopeR were 1.9-3.4 and 9.8-14.5.There were no significant differences on SImax and PH between benign and malignant lesions(P>0.05).The significant differences existed on Slope(P<0.01)and SlopeR(P<0.01)between benign and malignant lesions of the breast.Conclusion SlopeR is a very effective parameter in t}le differential diagnosis of breast lesions.

The purposes of this study was to determine the effects of recombinant human interleukin-10 (rhIL-10) on proliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) stimulated by advanced glycation end products (AGE) and neointima hyperplasia after rat carotid arterial injury. Rat aortic VSMCs were cultured and treated with rhIL-10 or AGE respectively, and then co-treated with rhIL-10 and AGE. Proliferation of VSMCs was quantified by colormetric assay. Cell cycle analysis was performed by flow cytomertry. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with recombinant human IL-10 (rhIL-10) for 3 d after carotid arteries injury. The ratio of neointima to media area at the site of arterial injury was measured 28 d after balloon injury. The p44/42 MAPK activity was evaluated by the immunoblotting technique using anti-p44/42 phospho-MAPK antibody. Compared to control, AGE stimulated VSMCs proliferation. rhIL-10 alone had no effect on VSMCs growth. With AGE stimulation, rhIL-10, at dose as low as 10 ng/ml, inhibited VSMCs growth (P<0.05). The cell number in G(0)/G(1) phase of AGE and rhIL-10 co-treatment group was higher than that of AGE treatment alone (P<0.01) by flow cytometry analysis. Compared with the control group of neointima hyperplasia in rats, the ratio of neointima to media area of recombinant human IL-10 group was reduced by 45% (P<0.01). The p44/42 MAPK activity was significantly enhanced by AGE. The AGE effects were opposed by rhIL-10. The anti-inflammatory cytokine rhIL-10 inhibits AGE-induced VSMCs proliferation. Recombinant human IL-10 also inhibited neointima hyperplasia after carotid artery injury in rats. The results suggest the possibility that recombinant human IL-10, as a potential therapeutic approach, prevents neointimal hyperplasia.
Animals ; Aorta, Thoracic ; cytology ; Atherosclerosis ; physiopathology ; Carotid Artery Injuries ; pathology ; physiopathology ; Carotid Intima-Media Thickness ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Glycation End Products, Advanced ; antagonists & inhibitors ; pharmacology ; Hyperplasia ; prevention & control ; Interleukin-10 ; pharmacology ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; drug effects ; Neointima ; drug therapy ; prevention & control ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Recombinant Proteins ; pharmacology ; Tunica Intima ; pathology

OBJECTIVETo examine plasma adiponectin (ADPN) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels and their correlation in children with obesity in order to investigate the roles of both in the development of childhood obesity.

METHODSOne hundred and forty-seven children with obesity and 118 normal children who were randomly sampled from five primary schools from the Kaifu District in Changsha were enrolled. Physical shape indexes, including height, weight, waist circumference, hip circumference, and waist to hip ratio (WHR) were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Blood pressure was measured. Percentage of body fat (%BF) was measured with dual energy X-ray absorptiometry. Plasmal levels of ADPN and TNF-alpha were detected using ABC-ELISA. Blood concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) were measured by automatic biochemistry analyzer. Fasting blood glucose level was measured by glucose oxidase method. Fasting blood insulin level was assayed by radioimmunity. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was performed.

RESULTSPlasma ADPN levels in obese children significantly decreased compared with those in normal children (8.12+/-2.54 mg/L vs 12.22+/-4.68 mg/L; p<0.05), and had a negative correlation with plasma TNF-alpha levels, BMI, WHR and HOMA-IR (p<0.01), and with %BF, fasting insulin, systolic blood pressure and TG (p<0.05). Plasma TNF-alpha levels in obese children significantly increased compared to normal children (171.38+/-34.33 ng/L vs 91.07+/-21.60 ng/L; p<0.01) and positively correlated with BMI, WHR, %BF, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, TG and systolic blood pressure (p<0.01), and negatively with HDL (p<0.05). Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that ADPN, BMI and TNF-alpha were main influential factors for %BF (R2=0.926, p<0.01). There was a significant interaction between ADPN and TNF-alpha (p<0.05).

CONCLUSIONSPlasma ADPN levels decreased and plasma TNF-alpha levels increased in children with obesity and both were main influential factors for %BF in children. There was an interaction between ADPN and TNF-alpha, suggesting that they both participate in the development of childhood obesity.

Adiponectin ; blood ; Adolescent ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; Child ; Cholesterol, HDL ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Obesity ; blood ; etiology ; Regression Analysis ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood

OBJECTIVETo study the prevalence of obesity and the influencing factors for obesity in primary school students from Kaifu District of Changsha City.

METHODSA total of 4 140 students aged 7 to 12 years sampled randomly from Kaifu District of Changsha City were enrolled. Obesity was identified based on the body mass index (BMI). The influencing factors for obesity were investigated by non-logistic regression analysis.

RESULTSThe prevalence of overweight and obesity were 9.76% and 7.39% respectively, and the prevalence of obesity in boys and girls were 9.37% and 5.13% respectively (P<0.05). The obese children had significantly higher BMI, waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio(WHR), percentage of body fat (%BF), systolic blood pressure, and serum triglyceride (TG) and low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C) levels but significantly lower serum high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C) level compared with the children with normal weight. BMI, %BF, WC and WHR were all positively correlated to serum levels of TG and LDL-C in obese children. Binge overeating, increased television viewing time, fast speed of eating and increased consumption of fried foods are all risk factors for the development of obesity. Preference for physical activity and sufficient physical activity were protective factors for obesity.

CONCLUSIONSThe prevalence of obesity of primary school students from Kaifu District of Changsha City is high in China. The development of childhood obesity is associated with poor eating behaviors, less physical activity and increased television viewing time. The control of childhood obesity may be beneficial to early prevention of some adult chronic diseases.

Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Child ; China ; epidemiology ; Cholesterol, LDL ; blood ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Multivariate Analysis ; Obesity ; epidemiology ; etiology ; Prevalence ; Waist-Hip Ratio

OBJECTIVETo investigate serum leptin level and its relationship with bone mineral density in obese children from Changsha City.

METHODSOne hundred and nineteen obese children and 103 normal children aged 7 to 12 years from five primary schools of Changsha City were enrolled. Obesity was assessed based on the body mass index (BMI). Dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) was used to determine bone mineral density (BMD) and body composition. Serum leptin level was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).

RESULTSThe obesity group had higher height, weight, BMI, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio (WHR) compared with the normal group (p<0.01). BMD, bone mineral content (BMC), lean mass (LM), fat mass (FM), percentage of body fat (%BF) and leptin concentration in the obesity group were significantly higher than those in the normal group (p<0.01). Serum leptin level was positively correlated with BMD, BMC, LM and FM (r=0.528-0.903, p<0.01). Multiple stepwise regression analysis indicated that BMI and %BF were independent influencing factors for serum leptin level.

CONCLUSIONSObese children have higher serum leptin level. Serum leptin concentration is significantly correlated with BMD and body composition. BMI and %BF are independent influencing factors for serum leptin level in children.

Body Composition ; Bone Density ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Leptin ; blood ; Male ; Obesity ; blood ; Regression Analysis ; Sex Characteristics

OBJECTIVETo study the distribution characteristics of adiponectin gene +45 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in Chinese children, and to determine the role of adiponectin gene +45 polymorphisms in the pathogenesis of childhood obesity.

METHODSA total of 147 Chinese obese and 118 healthy children were randomly selected and enrolled to identify adiponectin gene SNP+45 polymorphism by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) assay. Plasma adiponectin levels were determined using ELISA. Waist circumference (WC), waist to hip ratio (WHR), percentage of body fat (%BF), systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), serum triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-C), plasma fasting insulin (FINS), and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured.

RESULTSThe allelic frequency of adiponectin gene SNP+45 in children with obesity and healthy controls were 40.5% and 25.4%, respectively. There were significant differences in the distribution of genotypes and the allelic frequency between the two groups (P<0.05). The plasma adiponectin levels were significantly higher, in contrast, %BF, HOMA-IR, TC and LDL-C levels were significantly lower in obese children with TT genotype than those in obese children with TG or GG genotype.

CONCLUSIONSThe adiponectin gene SNP+45 polymorphism may be associated with pathogenesis of obesity in children. T→G variance may be associated an increased risk of childhood obesity and result in a decreased level of adiponectin.

Adiponectin ; genetics ; Adolescent ; Blood Glucose ; analysis ; Blood Pressure ; Child ; Female ; Genotype ; Humans ; Lipids ; blood ; Male ; Obesity ; blood ; etiology ; genetics ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide

BACKGROUNDAs intraocular pressure (IOP) and IOP fluctuation are known risk factors for glaucoma, it is important to understand the effects of high myopia on these ocular parameters. The aim of this study was to investigate if primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients with high myopia exhibit higher IOP and greater IOP fluctuations at resting conditions over 24 hours.

METHODSWe designed a prospective control clinical study. Eighty-two eyes of 82 high-tension Chinese POAG patients only on prostaglandin analogue locally were divided into 3 groups according to various myopic grades (< -6.0 D, n = 27 and between -0.76 and -5.99 D, n = 33) or without myopia (-0.75 to 0.75 D, n = 22). Single time IOP at 10 am, mean corrected 24-hour IOP, mean corrected night IOP, 24-hour IOP fluctuation and IOPs of 10 am, 2 pm, 6 pm, 10 pm, 2 am, 6 am and 8 am were measured.

RESULTSThe IOP was higher in POAG patients with high myopia over those POAG alone in three ways: the elevated IOP value was 0.65 mmHg measured in single time IOP at 10 am, 0.84 mmHg in mean corrected 24-hour IOP, 0.97 mmHg in mean corrected night IOP. The 24-hour IOP fluctuation was lower in the two myopia groups than in non-myopia group. Further, using repeated measurement analysis of variance, there was no statistical significance among groups regarding the IOPs at the seven time points (P = 0.77) and there was no interaction between groups and time points (P = 0.71), but the difference of IOPs at the seven time points in same group was statistically significant (P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONHigh-tension POAG patients with high myopia, even on pharmacological glaucoma therapy, still have higher IOP, but 24-hour IOP fluctuation at resting conditions was lower in these patients.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Glaucoma, Open-Angle ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Intraocular Pressure ; physiology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myopia ; physiopathology ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of losartan on cardiac mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) mRNA in rats after acute myocardial infarction (AMI).

METHODAMI was induced in male SD rats by ligation of the left coronary artery. The survived rats were randomly divided into AMI group, losartan group, and sham-operated group. The cardiac functions of the rats were assessed by echocardiogram and hemodynamics, and the contents of angiotensin II (Ang II) and aldosterone (Ald) in the myocardial tissues were determined by radioimmunoassay. The collagen density in the myocardial tissues were calculated by Masson's trichrome staining and the expression of MR mRNA were determined by real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR.

RESULTSBoth the contents of AngII and Ald in the myocardial tissues increased significantly in AMI group compared with those in the sham-operated group (P<0.01). The expression of MR mRNA and collagen density in the myocardial tissues also increased significantly than that in sham-operated group (P<0.01). After four weeks of losartan treatment, the contents of AngII and Ald in the myocardial tissues decreased significantly (P<0.05) and the expression of MR mRNA was also considerably lowered (P<0.01) in comparison with those in the AMI group. Treatment with losartan also resulted in significant decrease of the collagen density in the myocardial tissues.

CONCLUSIONSLosartan may reduce reactive fibrosis not only by attenuating the Ald signaling pathway but also by decreasing the expression of MR.

Aldosterone ; metabolism ; Angiotensin II ; metabolism ; Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Fibrosis ; etiology ; prevention & control ; Losartan ; therapeutic use ; Male ; Myocardial Infarction ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; Myocardium ; pathology ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Mineralocorticoid ; genetics ; metabolism

Deep vein thrombosis(DVT)is a common complication after surgery for lower limb fracture.It has the features of high morbidity,high disability rate and high mortality.At present,the measures for clinical prevention and treatment of post-operative DVT in lower limb fracture mainly include perioperative nursing,intervention with medical auxiliary instruments,western medicine prevention and treatment,traditional Chinese medicine(TCM)intervention,and patients'self-cooperation.The patients'self-cooperation is the basis for the smooth implementation of other measures for prevention and treatment,and the patients'active cooperation is the premise of achieving the efficacy of prevention and treatment.Perioperative nursing is helpful for the patients to understand the risk factors of postoperative DVT and the possible risks after the occurrence of DVT,guides the patients to choose the food,assists the patients to do postoperative exercises,improves the level of patients'hemorheological indexes,and reduce the incidence of postoperative DVT.Medical devices are helpful for assisting patients to do postoperative rehabilitation exercises,improving the levels of hemodynamic indicators,promoting patients'rehabilitation and reducing the incidence of postoperative DVT.Western medicines such as low molecular weight heparin,Rivaroxaban,Enoxaparin and other anticoagulant drugs can reduce the aggregation of coagulation factors and blood viscosity,and reduce the incidence of postoperative DVT.TCM interventions mainly include oral administration of Chinese medicine and external treatment such as acupuncture,moxibustion and massage.Oral administration of Chinese medicine is helpful for improving blood flow status.Acupuncture,moxibustion and massage are beneficial to the activation of the function of zang-fu organs,and can stimulate the healthy qi to improve the qi-blood state of the whole body.Each method of prevention and treatment has its advantages and disadvantages.In clinical application,reasonable prevention and treatment methods should be selected according to the specific conditions and individual conditions of the patients.TCM intervention of DVT can be performed in patients with lower limb fracture before and after surgery,and has the advantages of low cost and definite efficacy,which is worthy of continuous research and inheritance and innovation.

Background As intraocular pressure (lOP) and lOP fluctuation are known risk factors for glaucoma,it is important to understand the effects of high myopia on these ocular parameters.The aim of this study was to investigate if primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) patients with high myopia exhibit higher lOP and greater lOP fluctuations at resting conditions over 24 hours.@@Methods We designed a prospective control clinical study.Eighty-two eyes of 82 high-tension Chinese POAG patients only on prostaglandin analogue locally were divided into 3 groups according to various myopic grades (<-6.0 D,n=27 and between -0.76 and -5.99 D,n=33) or without myopia (-0.75 to 0.75 D,n=22).Single time lOP at 10 am,mean corrected 24-hour lOP,mean corrected night lOP,24-hour lOP fluctuation and lOPs of 10 am,2 pm,6 pm,10 pm,2 am,6 am and 8 am were measured.@@Results The lOP was higher in POAG patients with high myopia over those POAG alone in three ways:the elevated lOP value was 0.65 mmHg measured in single time lOP at 10 am,0.84 mmHg in mean corrected 24-hour lOP,0.97 mmHg in mean corrected night lOP.The 24-hour lOP fluctuation was lower in the two myopia groups than in non-myopia group.Further,using repeated measurement analysis of variance,there was no statistical significance among groups regarding the lOPs at the seven time points (P=0.77) and there was no interaction between groups and time points (P=0.71),but the difference of lOPs at the seven time points in same group was statistically significant (P=0.01).@@Conclusion High-tension POAG patients with high myopia,even on pharmacological glaucoma therapy,still have higher lOp,but 24-hour lOP fluctuation at resting conditions was lower in these patients.