ObjectiveTo explore the effective method of intestinal irritable syndrome(IBS). Method Randomly divide 57 cases into 2 groups, Chinese drug group 28 cases were treated with Tongxie Yaofang; the combination group 29 with revised Tongxie Yaofang and chlorimipramine, for 4 weeks.Result The gastro-intestinal symptoms were relieved markedly for both groups; after treated for 14 and 28 days, there’s no statistical difference between the both groups on reduction rate of patients’ SDS; at the 28~ th day, there’s no obvious difference on the symptoms of abdomen pain and diarrhea in both groups. Conclusion Tongxie Yaofang can effectively treat IBS. The relieving of depression may not be related with chlorimipramine.

Lumbar fusion is currently the major treatment of lumbar degenerative disease, spinal instability and discogenic disease etc. Transforaminal lumbar interbody fusion (TLIF) is a novel lumbar fusion technique in recent years, and with the progress of minimally invasive spinal surgery, minimally invasive TLIF (mini-TLIF) technique has also got access to rapid development, which has more advantages compared with traditional open TLIF. The authors review the indications and contraindications, surgical method, development and advantages and minimally invasive surgical assistant instruments of mini -TLIF.

[Objective]To investigate residual low back pain and recurrent herniation after standard discectomy for lumbar disc herniation.[Method]The long-term follow-up was analyzed in 84 patients who were selected randomly from 200 patients during a minimum of 5 years after standard discectomy,which was based on the rating of JOA and image methodology on both before and after the operations.[Result](1)Residual low back pain was found in 79.8% of the patients,of which 14.3% had severe low back pain(JOA 1).The majority of the patients with severe low back pain were under age of 35 at time of operation.(2)Twelve patients had operations again because of herniation and 1 patient had operation again because of the unstable of lumbar,who were mainly male adults under age of 50.[Conclusion]It is easier for young man to have severe low back pain and herniation recurrence.When conducting the operation for those young patients for the first time,we can consider fusion of spine properly according to their condition.

0.01). A sig-nificant dose-reponse relationship was also found between the manganese exposure doses and the frequencies of mi-cronucleus and SCE in experimental group. Conclusion Lower exposure levels of manganese of ≤0.25?g/ ml were safe to genetic materials, but higher manganese exposure levels of ≥0.75?g/ml might cause different kinds of DNA damages.

Through investigating the hospital admission and hospital discharge of vagrant mental patients in Xi-aoshan Hospital from January 2011 to December 2015 , the present study found that there existed some ethical di-lemmas including the risk ofdiagnosing mental disorder but actually not, lack of the guarantee of patients' rights and interests and supervision mechanism without guardian, long-term retention in the wards, and so on. It is sug-gested to establish right protection and supervision committee for vagrant mental patients, reduce the misdiagnosis ofdiagnosing mental disorder but actually not through the error correction mechanism, ensure proper treatment and care, create retention way, protect the basic rights of the vagrant mental patients, reduce mental disability, avoid to stray again, so as to perfect the social management system.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the efficacy of short-segment transpedicular fixation combined with augmentation vertebroplasty in treatment of thoracolumbar burst fractures. MethodsFrom November 2006 to September 2009, 37 patients with thoracolumbar burst fracture were admitted and received transpedicular fixation combined with calcium sulfate cement augmentation vertebroplasty, and the clinical data including fracture types, complications and following-up results were collected for analysis. The multimethod evaluation strategies involved the anterior vertebral body height, the sagittal Cobb's angle, the restoration of nervous function, internal fixation failure, visual analogue scale (VAS) and Oswestry disability index (ODI) were retrospective analyzed. Results All patients were followed up for average 19 months (range, 14-37). There were no internal fixation failure, loss of reduction, neurological complications in all the patients. In 16 patients with partial neurologic deficits, 14 initially improved at the final follow-up, with no deterioration of neurologic functions. The mean time of calcium sulfate cement obvious absorption and union was 3 months and 5 months postoperatively, respectively. The anterior vertebral body height was 55.40％before surgery and 85.46％ after surgery on average, ended up with 82.35％. The sagittai Cobb's angle was improved from 22.45° to 6.86°, ended up with 9.66° on average. The mean VAS and ODI at the final followup were respectively 1.2 and 20.4 on average. ConclusionShort-segment transpedicular fixation combined with augmentation vertebroplasty appears to be effective in achieving stable biomechanics with high security,which seems to be a feasible option in the management of thoracolumbar burst fractures.

OBJECTIVETo compare the difference in strength degradation and morphology damage of brittle dental ceramic after static load and cyclic fatigue.

METHODSHertzian's contact technique with a tungsten carbide sphere was used to investigate the response of feldspathic dental porcelain to static load and cyclic fatigue. All specimens were subjected to static or cyclic loading in moist environment. Furthermore the surviving strength of specimens was examined by the three-point test and the morphology damage was observed. Statistical analyses were performed with ANOVA and a P-value less than 0.05 was considered to be significant.

RESULTSOuter cone crack and associated strength degradation simultaneously occurred both after the first cyclic loading and static loading. Up to 1,000 cycles, the specimens showed inner cone cracks and strength degradation was aggravated. No significant difference in the strength degradation among all static loading specimens and no inner cone cracks occurred in static loading specimens.

CONCLUSIONSBoth static and cyclic fatigue influence dental ceramic strength, but cyclic fatigue is more deleterious.

Compressive Strength ; Dental Porcelain ; Materials Testing

OBJECTIVETo study the effects of conventional mechanical ventilation (CMV) with low tidal volume on developmental porcine lungs by examining the expression of growth factors and inflammatory mediators.

METHODSTwelve preterm piglets born at 99 days of gestational age, 12 term neonatal piglets and 11 young piglets (4-5-weeks old) were randomly placed on CMV or were not ventilated (control group). The ventilator settings were adjusted to provide a tidal volume of 6-8 mL/kg in order to maintain a normal blood-gas value. After 6 hrs (preterm piglets) or 24 hrs (neonatal and young piglets) of mechanical ventilation, the mRNA expression of growth factors PDGF-B, IGF-I, KGF, HGF, VEGF and TGF-beta1 and proinflammatory cytokines IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-alpha in the lung tissue was measured using RT-PCR. Growth factor protein expression was measured with immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSIn preterm piglets, the CMV group had increased mRNA expression of PDGF-B (5.11+/-0.10 vs 4.88+/-0.01), IL-1beta (4.95+/-0.27 vs 4.08+/-0.37), IL-6 (4.76+/-0.27 vs 4.00+/-0.28) and IL-8 (5.31+/-0.57 vs 4.15+/-0.46), but decreased IGF-I mRNA expression (3.54+/-0.13 vs 3.80+/-0.11) compared with those in the control group (P<0.05 or 0.01). In term neonatal piglets and young piglets, there were no significant differences in the mRNA expression of growth factors and proinflammatory cytokines between the CMV and control groups.

CONCLUSIONSCMV caused inflammatory injury in immature lungs by increasing the expression of proinflammatory cytokines and PDGF-B and decreasing IGF-I expression. However, CMV had no effects on pulmonary expression of growth factors and inflammatory mediators in term neonatal piglets and young piglets.

Animals ; Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid ; chemistry ; Immunohistochemistry ; Inflammation Mediators ; analysis ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; analysis ; genetics ; Lung ; metabolism ; Peroxidase ; analysis ; Phospholipids ; analysis ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Respiration, Artificial ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Swine ; Tidal Volume ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; analysis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo investigate the cyclic fatigue modes of Vita mark II machinable ceramics under Hertzian's contact.

METHODSHertzian's contact technique (WC spheres r = 3.18 mm) was used to investigate the cyclic fatigue of Vita mark II machinable ceramic. All specimens were fatigued by cyclic loading in moist environment, furthermore, surviving strength was examined by three point test and morphology damage observation.

RESULTSIn homogeneous Vita mark II machinable ceramics, two fatigue damage modes existed after cyclic loading with spheres under moist environment, including conventional tensile-driven cone cracking (brittle mode) and shear-driven microdamage accumulation (quasi-plastic mode). The latter generated radial cracks and deeply penetrating secondary cone crack. Initial strength degradation were caused by the cone cracks, subsequent and much more deleterious loss was caused by radial cracks.

CONCLUSIONCyclic fatigue modes of Vita mark II machinable ceramics includes brittle and quasi-plastic mode.

Ceramics ; Dental Porcelain ; Humans ; Materials Testing ; Surface Properties

Congestive heart failure is a syndrome that is usually initiated by a reduction in pump function of the heart, i.e. a decrease in cardiac output. Initially, a reduction in cardiac output leads to unloading of baroreceptor reflex that, in turn, increases heart rate through vago-sympathetic mechanisms and total peripheral resistance via an increase in sympathetic outflow to vascular beds. In this review we are thinking on how baroreceptor reflex plays a role in the abnormal control of the circulation in heart failure. This review and our recent studies suggest that: (1) baroreceptor reflex is blunted in heart failure; (2) central angiotensin II and reactive oxygen species play an important role in blunted baroreceptor reflex; (3) cardiac sympathetic afferent stimulation and chemoreceptor reflex inhibit baroreceptor reflex; and (4) exercise training normalizes abnormal reflexes in the heart failure state.
Angiotensin II ; metabolism ; Animals ; Baroreflex ; physiology ; Cardiac Output ; physiology ; Chemoreceptor Cells ; physiology ; Exercise ; physiology ; Heart Failure ; physiopathology ; Humans ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; metabolism ; Sympathetic Nervous System ; physiology ; Vascular Resistance ; physiology