Objective To understand the clinical features of Behcet′s Disease( BD) with pulmonary hypertension( PH) .Methods The etiology, clinical features, treatment and prognosis of 25 patients with Bahcet′s disease ( BD) complicated with pulmonary hypertension ( PH) admitted in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2000 to August 2015 were retrospectively reviewed.Results Total 912 BD patients were hospitalized during the same period, among whom 25 cases were complicated with PH accounting for 3%.There were 15 males (60%) and 10 females (40%), with the mean age of (33 ±12) years (range 19 to 66 years).The median interval from the diagnosis of BD to the onset of PH was 1 year (range 0 to 40 years).The most common cause of PH was heart valve disease (n=10, 40%), followed by pulmonary arterial stenosis or occlusion (n=6, 24%), pulmonary arterial aneurysm with thrombus (n=1, 4%), pulmonary thrombosis (n=1, 4%), cardiomyopathy (n=1, 4%);there were no causes identified in 6 cases (24%).Pulmonary arterial pressures estimated by echocardiography were 40 to 117 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa) with a mean pressure of (60 ±22) mmHg.When the PH developed, elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate ( ESR ) and increased hypersensitive C-reactive protein ( hs-CRP ) were founded in 48% ( 11/23 ) and 82% ( 14/17 ) of patients, respectively.After treated with glucocorticoid (96%,24/25), immunosuppressive agents(92%, 23/25), anticoagulation or thrombolysis(36%,9/25) and specific targeted vasodilator(32%,8/25), the levels of ESR and hs-CRP declined in 91% (10/11) and 71%(10/14) of patients, respectively; and pulmonary arterial systolic pressure declined in 50% of cases (8/16).Among 9 patients followed for 2 to 96 months, 4 died, 1 aggravated, 2 kept stable and 1 improved.Conclusion PH is an uncommon complication in disease.Heart valve disease, pulmonary artery involvement are the major causes of PH.The therapeutic effect and prognosis are poor.

By searching for the Canadian Licensed Natural Health Products Database, (LNHPD), this paper analyzed the characteristics and current status of 92 Chinese patent medicines successfully registered and listed in Canada, and found that the enterprises of successfully registered enterprises are mainly located in areas with better development condition of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) such as Beijing, Guangdong and Tianjin; The successfully registered Chinese patent medicines include 64 kinds of single medicine or medicine with single active ingredient (69.6%) and 28 kinds of compound medicine (30.4%), the forms of the dosage are mainly tablets and capsules, which have the characteristics of accuracy in dosage and stable physicochemical properties. There are also granules, solutions, powders and other dosage forms, which can be preserved for a long time and have low requirements on technic and environment. These Chinese patent medicines are mainly used to treat respiratory and circulatory system diseases, some are used to treat urogenital and digestive system diseases, and few are used to treat difficuilt diseases like tumors, diabetes. There are some other health care products. It is suggested to strengthen the connection between domestic standards of TCM registration and international standards, and promote the scientific and technological capacity of relevant enterprises, and encourage enterprises to strengthen international registration of advantageous products, so as to accelerate the speed of international development of TCM in China.

This paper analyzes the laws, regulations and concre measures of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM) in Canada, so as to provide reference for TCM products to enter Canada, and for the establishment of TCM regulation system and the improvement of its detailed rules in China. The regulation of TCM in Canadian, on the one hand, supervision is to provide guidance for the protection of consumers' rights and interests, including the guidance of rational drug use and rational purchase for consumers; on the other hand, it is to supervise enterprises, including the safety, effectiveness and quality certification of TCM products, labeling and packaging requirements, as well as the site certification of product manufacturing, packaging, labeling and import. The Ministry of health of Canada takes evidence as the core of evaluation, and ensures the safe and effective use of TCM products in Canada through product and site licensing evaluation. In the supervision of TCM, relevant departments in China should further strengthen the protection of consumers' drug rights and interests, strengthen the construction of TCM registration evidence system, and pay attention to the risk management of drug production quality.

Objective:To investigate the effect of 1 064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at different energy settings on cell viability, protease activity and structures of Malassezia furfur. Methods:Cultured standard strains of Malassezia furfur were divided into several groups to be irradiated with 1 064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser at different energies of 0 (control group) , 500, 600, 700, 800 and 900 mJ, respectively. Then, fungal suspensions in the above groups were inoculated onto the Leeming & Notman medium separately. After 7-day culture, the diameter and number of colonies were measured to evaluate the fungal cell viability, the protease activity was measured by using the whole-milk plate medium, and the ultrastructure of Malassezia furfur in each group was observed by transmission electron microscopy. One-way analysis of variance was used for comparisons among multiple groups, least significant difference- t test for multiple comparisons, and Pearson correlation analysis for analyzing correlations of laser energy with colony diameter, number and protease activity. Results:The colony diameter and number both significantly differed among the control group, 500-, 600-, 700-, 800- and 900-mJ groups (colony diameter: 4.05 ± 0.69, 3.76 ± 0.51, 3.28 ± 0.41, 3.09 ± 0.72, 2.54 ± 0.64 and 2.43 ± 0.41 mm, respectively; colony number: 4 787 ± 597, 4 287 ± 761, 1 879 ± 275, 1 082 ± 248 and 209 ± 42, 72 ± 31 colony-forming units, respectively; F = 14.83, 231.85, respectively, both P < 0.05) , and were significantly decreased in the 600-, 700-, 800- and 900-mJ groups compared with the control group (all P < 0.05) . The laser energy was negatively correlated with the colony diameter and number ( r = -0.67, -0.91, respectively, both P < 0.05) . The protease activity significantly differed among the control group, 500-, 700- and 900-mJ groups ( F = 346.60, P < 0.05) , and was significantly lower in the 700- and 900-mJ groups than in the control group (both P < 0.05) . There was a negative correlation between the laser energy and protease activity ( r = -0.94, P < 0.05) . Transmission electron microscopy showed intact fungal structures in the control group, relatively intact fungal structures in the 500-mJ group, and obviously damaged fungal structures in the 600- to 900-mJ groups, and the greater the laser energy, the more severely the fungal structures were damaged. Conclusion:The 1 064-nm Q-switched Nd:YAG laser could affect the cell viability of and protease activity in Malassezia furfur, and damage its structures.

To explore the mechanism for changes in brain microstructure in long-term abstinent from methamphetamine-dependence by using the diffusion tensor imaging (DTI).
 Methods: A total of 26 patients with long-term abstinent methamphetamine-dependence, whose abstinence time more than 14 months, and 26 normal controls all underwent cognitive executive function tests and DTI scans. We used voxel-based analysis to compare the fractional anisotropy (FA) and mean diffusivity (MD) to obtain the abnormal brain regions of DTI parameters between the two groups. Spearman correlation analysis was used to explore the correlation between FA, MD of the brain regions with abnormal parameters and cognitive executive function tests.
 Results: There were no statistical differences in the cognitive executive function tests between the two groups (P>0.05). Compared with the normal control group, the long-term abstinent from methamphetamine-dependence group showed the decreased FA in the right precuneus, right superior frontal gyrus, right calcarine, left inferior temporal gyrus and the increased MD in the right triangular part of inferior frontal gyrus, right precuneus, right posterior cingulate, right middle temporal gyrus, bilateral middle occipital gyrus, left superior parietal lobule, and lobule VIII of cerebellar hemisphere. The MD values of the right middle temporal gyrus in the long-term abstinent group were negatively correlated with the number of completions within 60 seconds (r=-0.504) and within 120 seconds (r=-0.464) .
 Conclusion: The DTI parameters in multiple brain regions from the methamphetamine-dependence patients are still abnormal after a long-term abstinence. DTI can provide imaging evidence for brain microstructural abnormalities in long-term abstinent from methamphetamine-dependence.
Amphetamine-Related Disorders ; Anisotropy ; Brain ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Humans ; Methamphetamine